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Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
Zinpyr-1 is a zinc-responsive fluorescent indicator and a membrane-permeable metal-binding probe. Zinpyr-1 forms a complex with Mn 2+ ions and generates a fluorescence turn-on signal. Zinpyr-1 binds to free zinc ions in serum, enabling quantitative detection of free zinc concentration. Zinpyr-1 produces fluorescence signals reflecting the relative zinc concentration in plant root cells, localizes to specific layers of plant root cells, and can be used to support analyses related to plant zinc transporter mutations and homeostasis .
ES9-17 is an analog of ES9 (endosidin9), which is an inhibitor of clathrin heavy chain (CHC). ES9-17 is an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), a major route for internalization of plasma membrane proteins and molecules from the extracellular environment in plants. ES9-17 inhibits the uptake of transferrin and FM4-64. ES9-17 also inhibits root growth of Arabidopsis seedings .
N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) is a N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone can inhibit primary root growth in Arabidopsis. N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone triggers a transient and immediate increase in the concentrations of cytosolic free Ca 2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS), increases the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6), and induces nitric oxide (NO) production in Arabidopsis roots .
PI-55 is a specific cytokinin receptor inhibitor. PI-55 is structurally related to 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and was shown to inhibit competitively BAP binding on Arabidopsis-specific receptors CRE1/AHK4 and AHK3. PI-55 inhibits cytokinins induced haustorium formation and increased parasite aggressiveness .
Lincomycin (U-10149) is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice .
Roridin A acts as an inhibitor of pollen development in Arabidopsis thaliana and nematicide. Roridin A is isolated from the fungus Cylindrocarpon sp. Roridin A delays the flowering time of Arabidopsis thaliana, inhibits pollen development and stem elongation, and blocks plant growth. Roridin A induces larval death of the southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) .
(±)-Dihydroactinidiolide is the dextrorotatory form of Dihydroactinidiolide (HY-107805). (±)-Dihydroactinidiolide has a strong, pleasant musky, tea-like and tobacco-like aroma and is mainly found in black tea, tobacco and fruits. (±)-Dihydroactinidiolide has antioxidant activity and can be derived from β-carotene.or light adaptation in Arabidopsis .
Oligomycin B is an antibiotic that acts as a non-selective inhibitor of ATP Synthase. Oligomycin B increases mitochondrial membrane potential. Oligomycin B induces apoptosis and necrosis. Oligomycin B impairs the motility of Plasmopara viticola zoospores and induces their lysis. Oligomycin B inhibits Magnaporthe oryzae (wheat blast fungus) and suppresses the development of wheat blast. Oligomycin B reduces hyphal growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, and protects Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea infection. Oligomycin B exacerbates cytotoxic brain edema in rats with cerebral cortical contusion, increases intracranial pressure and brain water content, and aggravates mitochondrial damage in these rats. Oligomycin B is used in studies related to grape downy mildew, traumatic brain injury, wheat blast, and gray mold .
(±)-Jasmonic-L-isoleucine ((±)-JA-L-Ile) is a mixture of (±)-Jasmonic acid (HY-122464) and isoleucine isomers. (±)-Jasmonic-L-isoleucine is a phytohormone that participates in the jasmonic acid signaling pathway. (±)-Jasmonic-L-isoleucine regulates biological processes in plants, including defense responses, growth and development, and stress tolerance .
Karrikin 2 is a seed germination stimulant identified in smoke produced by plant combustion. Karrikins induce seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana, lettuce, E. penduliflora and S. orbiculatum. Karrikin 2 upregulates the expression of gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis genes GA3ox1, GA3ox2 and the gibberellin GA4-responsive gene CP1 in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds .
TIS108 is a triazole-type strigolactone biosynthesis inhibitor. TIS108 inhibits Arabidopsis embryogenesis and root hair growth, and promotes shoot branching. TIS108 can also increase the gibberellin content in Gastrodia elata. TIS108 can be used in the research of plant growth and development as well as plant responses to the environment .
Farnesylthioacetic acid is a competitive, non-substrate inhibitor of Prenylcysteine α-carboxyl methyltransferase. It acts as a non-substrate competitive inhibitor of Arabidopsis thaliana Prenylcysteine α-carboxyl methyltransferase and blocks methyltransferase activity. Farnesylthioacetic acid does not inhibit protein farnesyltransferase activity in Arabidopsis. It induces Apoptosis. Farnesylthioacetic acid regulates the subcellular localization of Ras protein, reducing the proportion of cytoplasmic Ras protein without disrupting membrane binding. It enhances ABA-induced seed dormancy, delays seed germination, and promotes maximum stomatal closure at lower exogenous ABA concentrations. Farnesylthioacetic acid can be used in studies related to promyelocytic leukemia .
24-Epicastasterone (24-epi-Castasterone) is a bioactive brassinosteroid and a ligand of ABCB1 and ABCB19 in Arabidopsis thaliana. 24-Epicastasterone stimulates the ATPase activity of ABCB19 and the ATP hydrolysis activity of ABCB1, which drive the efflux of substances from plant cells. 24-Epicastasterone increases the activities of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase in the roots of wheat seedlings. 24-Epicastasterone alleviates heat-induced lipid peroxidation through a ROS-dependent mechanism and enhances the heat tolerance of common wheat seedlings.
Tiafenacil is a new protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicide, with IC50 values of 22 to 28 nM for various plant species, including amaranth (Amaranthus tuberculatus), soybean (Glycine max), arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana), and rapeseed (Brassica napus) .
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid) is a glucuronic acid donor. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid transfers its glucuronic acid moiety to acceptor molecules, thereby forming "ether" glucuronides, while being converted into uridine 5'-pyrophosphate. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid serves as a substrate for ArabidopsisUDP-GlcA 4-epimerase 1, and undergoes reversible 4-epimerization to generate UDP-α-D-galacturonic acid .
Dihydroactinidiolide, existing in plant leaves and fruits, is a potent plant growth inhibitor, a regulator of gene expression and is responsible for photo acclimation in Arabidopsis. Dihydroactinidiolide has antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, anticancer activity and neuroprotective effect . Dihydroactinidiolide is also an inhibitor of AChE (IC50=34.03 nM) and has scavenging activities for DPPH and (.NO). Dihydroactinidiolide is present in plant leaves and fruits and is a potent plant growth inhibitor, regulator of gene expression, and responsible for light adaptation in Arabidopsis.
Ascr#18, an ascaroside, is a hormone of nematodes. Ascr#18 is expressed during nematode development. Ascr#18 increases resistance in Arabidopsis, tomato, potato and barley to viral, bacterial, oomycete, fungal and nematode infections .
Jarin-1 is a jasmonic acid-amido synthetase (JAR1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.8 μM. Jarin-1 specific inhibits bioactive JA (jasmonoyl-isoleucine, JA-Ile) biosynthesis in Arabidopsis and other plants .
Lincomycin hydrochloride (U10149A) is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin hydrochloride binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin hydrochloride can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin hydrochloride induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice .
Lincomycin (U-10149) hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice .
AS6 (3'-Hexylsulfanylabscisic acid) is a PYL antagonist with a Kd value of 0.48 μM for Arabidopsis PYL5. AS6 binds to PYL proteins, and its S-hexyl chain blocks PP2C binding via steric hindrance. AS6 alleviates the inhibitory effect of ABA on seed germination in Arabidopsis and lettuce .
JA-ACC (Jasmonyl-ACC) is a derivative of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). ACC is the direct precursor of the plant hormone ethylene. JA-ACC inhibits root growth in Arabidopsis and the inhibition is independent of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling .
Elf18 is a peptide fragment of bacterial translation elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu). Elf18 can be recognized by plant pattern recognition receptors, thereby inducing an immune response. Elf18 can enhance plants' resistance to pathogens and can be used in research related to plant immune responses .
N-Hexanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone is a bacterial quorum sensing molecule produced in the rhizosphere. N-Hexanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone, a bacterial quorum sensing signal, induces transcriptional changes in Arabidopsis and may contribute to tuning plant growth to the microbial composition of the rhizosphere .
Fenquinotrione is a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor with IC50s of 27.2 and 44.7nM against rice and Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD, respectively. Fenquinotrione is an herbicide that can control a wide range of broadleaf and sedge weeds with excellent rice selectivity .
Scopolin is a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) roots . Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades .
(+)-Bornyl acetate is found in pichtae essential oil (Siberian fir needle oil). (+)-Bornyl acetate has a stronger inhibitory effect on root growth of Arabidopsis seedlings .
HPPD-IN-3 (compound 25) is a potent inhibitor of 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), with IC50 of 10 nM, more potency than Mesotrione (HY-12853) .
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium (UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid ammonium) is a glucuronic acid donor. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium transfers its glucuronic acid moiety to acceptor molecules, thereby forming "ether" glucuronides, while being converted into uridine 5'-pyrophosphate. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium serves as a substrate for ArabidopsisUDP-GlcA 4-epimerase 1, and undergoes reversible 4-epimerization to generate UDP-α-D-galacturonic acid .
DL-m-Tyrosine is a non-protein amino acid. DL-m-Tyrosine inhibits microbial growth and spore formation. DL-m-Tyrosine also inhibits root growth in various plants, such as lettuce and Arabidopsis. DL-m-Tyrosine, when used in combination with Carbidopa (HY-B0311), has a potent antihypertensive effect. DL-m-Tyrosine can be used in research on biopesticide design .
Probe-Cys is a water-soluble and selective near-infrared fluorescent probe for Cysteine (Cys) (λex= 680 nm, λem=710 nm) that is not interfered by Hcy, GSH, and HS-. Probe-Cys can react with the stimulant DTT (HY-15917) and the NEM (HY-D0843) in HepG2 cells and zebrafish for the detection of endogenous Cys. Probe-Cys can also be used for imaging Cys in Arabidopsis thaliana. Probe-Cys provides a method for cancer diagnosis and exploration of plant sulfur metabolism .
Thermospermine, a structural isomer of Spermine, is synthesized by a thermospermine synthase designated ACAULIS5 (ACL5). Thermospermine suppresses auxin-inducible xylem differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana .
3-Pentanol is an active organic compound produced by plants and is a component of insect-released pheromones. 3-Pentanol can trigger plant immunity against microbial pathogens and pests in crops by activating the SA and JA signaling pathways.
Iptriazopyrid (NC-656) is an azole carboxamide herbicide targeting 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) with a Ki value of 24.3 nM for Arabidopsis HPPD and 33.3 nM for rice HPPD. Iptriazopyrid blocks plastoquinone and carotenoid synthesis, leading to weed chlorosis and death. Iptriazopyrid is promising for research of controlling weeds such as Echinochloa crus-galli in paddy fields .
Aspterric acid is a carotane compound, which is initially isolated from Aspergillus terreus. Aspterric acid is an inhibitor for pollen development in Arabidopsis thaliana .
Opabactin is an agonist for abscisic acid (ABA) receptor, which regulates the water use of plants by mimicking the effects of ABA with an IC50 of 7 nM. Opabactin inhibits the seed germination of Arabidopsis with an IC50 of 62 nM. Opabactin induces anti-transpiration response in plant tissue, and improves crop drought tolerance .
HPPD-IN-1 (compound II-3) is a HPPD inhibitor. HPPD-IN-1 shows inhibitory activity of Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD (AtHPPD) with an IC50 value of 0.248 μM, which was superior to that of mesotrione (HY-12853) (0.283 μM) in vitro. HPPD-IN-1 shows excellent herbicidal activity against broadleaf and monocotyledonous weeds .
Farnesylcysteine (FC) is a competitive inhibitor of ICMT. The fcly mutant has quantitatively low farnesylcysteine (FC) lyase activity and an enhanced response to ABA. Farnesylcysteine induces an ABA hypersensitive phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana .
AtPep1 is a plant elicitor peptide. AtPep1 activates transcription of the defensive gene defensin (PDF1.2) and activates the synthesis of H2O2, which are components of the innate immune response against pathogens. AtPep1 can be isolated from extracts of Arabidopsis leaves .
Brassinazole (0.5, 1, 5 μM) causes markedly deformed seedlings, whose morphology is similar to that of BR-deficient mutants. Brassinazole causes cress dwarfism, altering leaf morphology such as the typical downward curl and dark green appearance of Arabidopsis BR-deficient mutants. However, administration of 10 nM BR reversed dwarfism .
Nitrate Reductase, Arabidopsis thaliana is the isomer of NAD(P)H-Nitrate reductase (HY-P2996). NAD(P)H-Nitrate reductase is isolated from Aspergillus niger that catalyses the reduction of nitrate to nitrite via a two-electron transfer. In plants，the electron donor for Nitrate reductase is NADPH is NADH:Nitrate reductase and a bispecific NAD(P)H: Nitrate reductase .
AtHPPD-IN-1 (Compound III-15) is an HPPD inhibitor and herbicide with high safety for peanuts. AtHPPD-IN-1 has IC50 of 12 nM for Arabidopsis thalianaHPPD .
Aristolochic acid C is a derivative of Aristolochic acid. Aristolochic acid is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor, which disrupts cortical microtubule arrays and root growth in Arabidopsis .
KK181N1 is a potent inhibitor of karrikin (KAR) receptor KAI2. KK181N1 binds to the catalytic pockets of KAI2 in a non-covalent binding manner. KK181N1 selectively depress the KAR-induced phenotypes in Arabidopsis .
HPPD/PPO-IN-1 (Compound B14) is dual-functional inhibitor of HPPD and PPO with IC50s of 0.12 μM and 0.51 μM for Arabidopsis thaliana HPPD and Nicotiana tabacum PPO, respectively. HPPD/PPO-IN-1 has broad-spectrum herbicidal activity against weeds with a crop safety to peanuts and cotton. HPPD/PPO-IN-1 can be used for the development of environmentally friendly herbicides .
Germinone A is a potent HTL/KAI2 agonist with germination-inducing activity for thermo-inhibited Arabidopsis seed. Germinone A can be utilized in seed germination research .
DHGA5 (exo-16,17-Dihydro-gibberellin A5-13-acetate) is a GA3β-hydroxylase (OsGA3ox2) inhibitor. DHGA5 inhibits Arabidopsis root growth with an IC50 of 97 μM. DHGA5 also suppresses the elongation of rice second leaf sheath. DHGA5 can alleviate oxidative damage to Arabidopsis seedlings under NaCl salt stress and reduce the accumulation of superoxide anion .
Quinabactin is a sulfonamide Abscisic acid (ABA) agonist. Quinabactin promotes guard cell closure, inhibits water loss, and promotes drought tolerance in adult Arabidopsis and soybean plants .
AtPep1 TFA is an endogenous inducer of innate immune responses. AtPep1 TFA can be isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. AtPep1 TFA activates the transcription of defensin (PDF1.2), the expression of PROPEP1, the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) near leaf veins, and the alkalization of Arabidopsis suspension cell culture medium. AtPep1 TFA induces the expression of genes encoding defensins and PR-1. AtPep1 TFA is applicable to studies related to Pythium irregulare infection and pathogen infection .
Uniconazole-P is a potent competitive inhibitor of ArabidopsisCYP707A3 with an IC50 of 68 nM and a Ki of 8.0 nM. Uniconazole-P inhibits ent-kaurene oxidase, blocking gibberellin biosynthesis via reduced ent-kaurene to ent-kaurenoic acid oxidation. Uniconazole-P inhibits plant growth .
Triplin is a copper chelator, Triplin perturbs copper ion transport involved in the interaction of RAN1 and ATX1. Triplin suppresses the toxic effects of excess copper ions on plant root growth. Triplin increases the RNA expression of ERF1. Triplin acts through the ethylene signal transduction pathway. Triplin also is a bacterial pore-former .
Naxillin is a non-auxin-like molecule, which can promote the lateral root branching in the basal meristem of the root, through the conversion of the auxin precursor indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to the active auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) .
Cestrin is a cellulose Synthase 1 (CESA1) inhibitor. Cestrin inhibits cell elongation and reduces cellulose content and interferes with the trafficking of cellulose synthase complexes and their associated proteins KORRIGAN1 and POM2/CSI1 .
Scopolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Scopolin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Scopolin is a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) roots . Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades .
SL agonist 1 is a Strigolactone (SL) agonist. SL agonist 1 can be recognized by the SL receptors OmKAI2d3 and OmKAI2d4, promoting the germination of Arabidopsis seeds .
Fluopipamine is an antagonist for Cellulose Synthase 1 (CESA1) with an IC50 of 0.78 μM. Fluopipamine leads a decrease in glucose uptake into cellulose and hyperaccumulation of CESAs at the PM in etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings .
14-3-3-IN-1 (Compound 2) is an inhibitor for 14-3-3 proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana, with an IC50 of 1.21 μM. 14-3-3-IN-1 exhibits different inhibitory activities against different 14-3-3 isomers. 14-3-3-IN-1 promotes the closure of stomata on leaves .
Cedrene regulates auxin transport and signal transduction in Arabidopsis, and thus stimulates the plants root development. Cedrene affects the Arabidopsis roots morphology by increasing the lateral roots, promoting the elongation of primary roots, affecting the expression of the auxin response gene DR5 and auxin transporters such as PIN2 and PIN3 .
Oleoyl coenzyme A triammonium is the salt form of Oleoyl coenzyme A, which exhibits an inhibitory effects for neutral lipase. Oleoyl coenzyme A triammonium mediates ATP-dependent signal transduction pathway in plants .
3-Pentanol (Standard) is an analytical reference standard of 3-Pentanol. 3-Pentanol is an active organic compound produced by plants and is a component of insect-released pheromones. 3-Pentanol can trigger plant immunity against microbial pathogens and pests in crops by activating the SA and JA signaling pathways.
ABA receptor agonist 1 (compound 4c) is a receptor agonist for abscisic acid (ABA). ABA receptor agonist 1 can inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis and rice, stomatal closure and drought resistance of wheat and soybean .
Aristolochic acid C (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aristolochic acid C. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aristolochic acid C is a derivative of Aristolochic acid. Aristolochic acid is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor, which disrupts cortical microtubule arrays and root growth in Arabidopsis .
Herbicidal agent 4 (compound V-2) is an auxinic herbicidal agent. Herbicidal agent 4 may also be an immune activator while upregulating the defense genes and increasing content of jasmonic acid .
Arogenate dehydratase (Carboxycyclohexadienyl dehydratase) is the key enzymes that catalyze the conversion of arogenate into Phe in the stroma of chloroplasts and plastids in vascular plants. Arogenate dehydratase plays an important role in cell wall lignin biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and can be used for plant improvement .
DHAD-IN-1 (Compound I-6e) is a potent dihydroxyacid dehydratase (DHAD) inhibitor with a Ki value of 1 μM for Arabidopsis thaliana DHAD. DHAD-IN-1 exhibits 100% efficacy against weeds like Avena fatua and Setaria viridis. DHAD-IN-1 is promising for research of herbicides .
Lincomycin-d3 (U-10149-d3) is the deuterium labeled Lincomycin. Lincomycin is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice.
Arabidopsis Thaliana Nutrient Solution is a nutrient solution specifically designed for the hydroponic cultivation of Arabidopsis thaliana. It is composed of calcium salts, ammonium salts, potassium salts, phosphates, magnesium sulfate, and other nutrients.
β-Cotonefuran is a dibenzofuran phytoalexin produced by plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. β-Cotonefuran can be used in the study ofArabidopsis thaliana's response to salt stress .
Herbicidal Agent 9 (Compound 5) is a herbicidal derivative of 23-spirocholestane. In combination with Compound 6, Herbicidal Agent 9 inhibits Arabidopsis root growth, exhibiting an EC50 of 6.89 μM .
15-Nonacosanol is a secondary alcohol compound and the major surface lipid component of Arabidopsis thaliana cuticular wax. 15-Nonacosanol participates in the plant cuticular wax biosynthesis pathway and the formation process of related gene mutants. 15-Nonacosanol can be extracted from the leaves and stems of Arabidopsis thaliana .
GA3ox-IN-1 (Compound 10e) is a GA3β-hydroxylase (GA3ox) inhibitor. GA3ox-IN-1 inhibits Arabidopsis root growth with an IC50 of 90 μM. GA3ox-IN-1 also suppresses the elongation of rice second leaf sheath. GA3ox-IN-1 can alleviate oxidative damage to Arabidopsis seedlings under NaCl salt stress and reduce the accumulation of superoxide anion .
Flusulfinam is a HPPD inhibitor and herbicide, with an IC50 of 0.0181 μM against Arabidopsis thalianaHPPD. Flusulfinam inhibits the catalytic activity of recombinant Arabidopsis thalianaHPPD. Flusulfinam exhibits potent herbicidal activity against barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli). Flusulfinam inhibits the growth of Digitaria sanguinalis .
DL-m-Tyrosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-m-Tyrosine (HY-W001940). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-m-Tyrosine is a non-protein amino acid. DL-m-Tyrosine inhibits microbial growth and spore formation. DL-m-Tyrosine also inhibits root growth in various plants, such as lettuce and Arabidopsis. DL-m-Tyrosine, when used in combination with Carbidopa (HY-B0311), has a potent antihypertensive effect. DL-m-Tyrosine can be used in research on biopesticide design .
Endosidin7 is a specific inhibitor for plant callose deposition during cytokinesis. Endosidin7 inhibits cytokinesis-specific callose deposition at the cell plate, disrupts cell plate maturation, and alters localization of cell plate-associated proteins during late cell plate development. Endosidin7 slows root growth and induces formation of cell wall stubs in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
Hancockiamide C is a phenylacetic piperazine natural products found in Aspergillus hancockii. Hancockiamide C is synthesized via the hkm biosynthetic gene cluster, involving NRPS Hkm11 and the acetyltransferase Hkm3. Hancockiamide C inhibits seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana (MIC = 6.3 μg/mL), but shows no activity against Eragrostis tef seeds .
Methiozolin is an oxazoline herbicide designed for the selective control of annual bluegrass in turfgrass. Methiozolin strongly inhibits the biosynthesis of cellulose and hemicellulose in corn root cells at low concentrations. Methiozolin inhibits recombinantArabidopsis thaliana tyrosine aminotransferase, with a IC50 of approximately 200 µM. Methiozolin not only effectively controls vegetative growth but also significantly suppresses inflorescence formation, which helps reduce the seed bank .
N-(E-4-Coumaroyl)-aspartate is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide compound that can be isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension cultures. N-(E-4-Coumaroyl)-aspartate may be involved in metabolic processes related to specific metabolites found in Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures.
Hanlp24 (Nlp24) is an immunogenic short peptide derived from plant pathogenic microorganisms. Hanlp24 can be recognized by the immune system of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and effectively induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Hanlp24 is not the key factor that triggers plant defense and leads to the loss of pathogen virulence in the interaction system between cucumber and anthracnose pathogen. Hanlp24 can be used for the study of the plant immune system .
Sarmentine is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide and PSII inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3.0 μM and a Ki of 1.5 μM against spinach, an IC50 of 1.72 μM against wild-type Amaranthus retroflexus, and an IC50 of 0.97 μM against triazine-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus. Sarmentine competitively binds to the QB binding site of plastoquinone on PSII, thereby blocking photosynthetic electron transport. Sarmentine inhibits enoyl-ACP reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting the early fatty acid synthesis process, with an IC50 of 18.3 μM. Sarmentine induces light-independent loss of plasma membrane integrity and electrolyte leakage. Sarmentine also exhibits antiplasmodial, antimycobacterial, antituberculous, and antiplatelet aggregation activities .
β-Chamigrene synthase (EC 4.2.3.78) from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana produces (+)-α-barbatene, (+)-thujopsene and (+)-β-Chamigrene plus traces of other sesquiterpenoids.
cis-2-Amino-1-hydroxycyclobutane-1-acetic acid is a herbicidal antimetabolite that can cause L-cysteineor L-methionine-reversible chlorosis in Arabidopsis thaliana .
(S)-Allantoin is the S-isomer of Allantoin (HY-N0543). (S)-Allantoin binds selectively in the active site of urate oxidase. (S)-Allantoin can be converted to Allantoate by the action of allantoicase. (S)-Allantoin serves as a source of nitrogen in Arabidopsis thaliana .
Ascr#18 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ascr#18 (HY-N8393). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ascr#18, an ascaroside, is a hormone of nematodes. Ascr#18 is expressed during nematode development. Ascr#18 increases resistance in Arabidopsis, tomato, potato and barley to viral, bacterial, oomycete, fungal and nematode infections .
AtSAL1-IN-1 (compound V20) is a competitive inhibitor of AtSAL1. AtSAL1-IN-1 elevates the levels of 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphate (PAP), activates stress-responsive genes and improves oxidative stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. AtSAL1-IN-1 can be used for study of chloroplast-mediated cellular signaling pathways .
DL-m-Tyrosine-d3 is the deuterium labeled DL-m-Tyrosine (HY-W001940). DL-m-Tyrosine is a non-protein amino acid. DL-m-Tyrosine inhibits microbial growth and spore formation. DL-m-Tyrosine also inhibits root growth in various plants, such as lettuce and Arabidopsis. DL-m-Tyrosine, when used in combination with Carbidopa (HY-B0311), has a potent antihypertensive effect. DL-m-Tyrosine can be used in research on biopesticide design.
Lincomycin (U-10149) (Standard) is the analytical reference standard of Lincomycin (HY-117660). This product is used for research and analytical applications. Lincomycin is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice.
Lincomycin (U-10149) hydrochloride monohydrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate (HY-B1358). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice.
Transketolase-IN-5 is a transketolase inhibitor and a herbicide. Transketolase-IN-5 inhibits growth of Digitaria sanguinalis, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Setaria viridis .
Lariciresinol is an orally active ingredient. Lariciresinol can be isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana. Lariciresinol inhibits α-glucosidase activity (IC50 of 6.97 μM; Ki of 0.046 μM). Lariciresinol dereases Bcl-2, upregulates Bax and induces Apoptosis. Lariciresinol regulates TGF-β and NF-κB pathways. Lariciresinol has antitumor activity against liver cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer. Lariciresinol shows antifungal activity and anti-diabetic activity .
Norharman-d7 is deuterium labeled Norharmane. Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
Icafolin-methyl is a herbicide and plant β-tubulin (Microtubule/Tubulin) inhibitor. Icafolin-methyl binds to the β-tubulin region of the Colchicine (HY-16569) binding site, thereby blocking the polymerization of plant tubulin. As a non-selective herbicide, Icafolin-methyl exhibits post-emergence activity against weeds in both cool-season and warm-season cropping systems, including resistant ryegrass and darnel biotypes. Icafolin-methyl can be used for herbicide research .
4'-Chloro-1'-(5-penta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-2-thienyl)-but-2'-yn-3'-ol is a phytotoxic polyacetylene compound. 4'-Chloro-1'-(5-penta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-2-thienyl)-but-2'-yn-3'-ol can be isolated from the roots and root exudates of Acroptilon repens. It exhibits phytotoxicity and reduces the root length of lettuce .
Norharmane (Standard) is the analytical standard of Norharmane. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
Norharmane- 13C (Norharman- 13C) is the 13C-labeled Norharmane (HY-W008566). Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is a polarity-sensitive membrane probe with a doubly positive charge that can be used to visualize membrane microdomains in living Arabidopsis cells. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ produces a fluorescence spectrum shift by changing the polarity of the lipid environment after embedding into the cell membrane, thereby quantifying the degree of lipid accumulation. The excitation wavelength of Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is 488 nm, and the emission wavelengths are 560 nm and 650 nm in the liquid ordered and disordered phases, respectively. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is often used for fluorescence imaging studies of membrane microstructure, lipid order, and membrane tension response in living cells[1][2][3].
Di-4-ANEPPDHQ (solution) is a polarity-sensitive membrane probe with a doubly positive charge that can be used to visualize membrane microdomains in living Arabidopsis cells. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ produces a fluorescence spectrum shift by changing the polarity of the lipid environment after embedding into the cell membrane, thereby quantifying the degree of lipid accumulation. The excitation wavelength of Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is 488 nm, and the emission wavelengths are 560 nm and 650 nm in the liquid ordered and disordered phases, respectively. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is often used for fluorescence imaging studies of membrane microstructure, lipid order, and membrane tension response in living cells[1][2][3]. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM
Sarmentine-d8 is the deuterium labeled Sarmentine. Sarmentine is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide and PSII inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3.0 μM and a Ki of 1.5 μM against spinach, an IC50 of 1.72 μM against wild-type Amaranthus retroflexus, and an IC50 of 0.97 μM against triazine-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus. Sarmentine competitively binds to the QB binding site of plastoquinone on PSII, thereby blocking photosynthetic electron transport. Sarmentine inhibits enoyl-ACP reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting the early fatty acid synthesis process, with an IC50 of 18.3 μM. Sarmentine induces light-independent loss of plasma membrane integrity and electrolyte leakage. Sarmentine also exhibits antiplasmodial, antimycobacterial, antituberculous, and antiplatelet aggregation activities .
L-Gulono-1,4-lactone (L-Gulonolactone) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Gulono-1,4-lactone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Gulono-1,4-lactone is a biosynthetic precursor of L-Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) (HY-B0166). L-Gulono-1,4-lactone can be enzymatically converted to L-Ascorbic acid via the animal uronic acid pathway, while species such as humans lack the key oxidase that catalyzes this step, resulting in the disruption of this pathway and the necessity to obtain Vitamin C from diet. L-Gulono-1,4-lactone is a putative intermediate in an alternative biosynthetic pathway of L-Ascorbic acid in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Transketolase-IN-6 is a potent transketolase inhibitor and a herbicide. Transketolase-IN-6 inhibits root growth of Digitaria sanguinalis, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Setaria viridis. Transketolase-IN-6 shows low phytotoxicity to wheat, maize, soybean, and cotton. Transketolase-IN-6 can be used for the research of herbicidal agent development .
cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt (Palmitoleoylcarnitine (C16:1)) is a long-chain acylcarnitine controlling fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial function. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt accumulates in colorectal cancer cells. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt exists in plants and mediates lipid anabolic development. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt acts as a metabolic marker for type 1 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease plasma. cis-9-Hexadecenoylcarnitine inner salt can be used for research on diabetes, metabolism, and inflammatory bowel disease .
Salicylic acid 2-O-β-D-glucoside (SA-2-O-β-D-glucoside) is the glucose-conjugated product of Salicylic Acid (HY-B0167) in plants. Salicylic acid 2-O-β-D-glucoside belongs to an inactive storage form. Salicylic acid 2-O-β-D-glucoside can be used in studies of plant pathogen infection .
JAX-77 is a potent root architecture modulator. JAX-77 maintains primary root length while substantially increasing lateral root numbers, thereby optimizing the plant’s overall root system. JAX-77 is the key intermediate metabolite formed from the hydrolysis of JAX-44 (HY-178358) and can be converted to Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (HY-N0186). JAX-77 can be used for auxin biology and root development research .
JAX-44 is a potent root architecture modulator. JAX-44 maintains primary root length while substantially increasing lateral root numbers, thereby optimizing the plant’s overall root system. JAX-44 is the metabolic precursor of JAX-77 (HY-178359) and can be converted to Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (HY-N0186). JAX-44 can be used for auxin biology and root development research .
REF1 peptide is a PORK1 agonist with an EC50 of 0.028 nM in tomato. REF1 peptide binds to the extracellular domain of PORK1, triggers receptor autophosphorylation, and drives downstream MPK3/MPK6 activation, thereby initiating defense and regeneration signaling cascades. REF1 peptide induces callus formation, inhibits shoot regeneration upon continuous exposure, and enhances the regeneration and transformation efficiency of recalcitrant dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous crops .
Formoterol (hemifumarate hydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Formoterol (hemifumarate hydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate is a selective, long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Formoterol is a bronchodilator used for the research of the asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate induces mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury .
Galactinol is a disaccharide carbohydrate serving as a galactosyl donor, which belongs to the raffinose family oligosaccharide pathway and acts as an important osmoprotectant. Galactinol not only induces disease resistance in plants against fungal and bacterial pathogens, but also significantly enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, low temperature and oxidative damage. In addition, Galactinol has the ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, can act as a signaling component for root colonization-induced systemic resistance, and is positively correlated with seed longevity in various crops, making it a potential biomarker for evaluating seed vigor. Therefore, Galactinol can be used in the research of various plant diseases including fungal leaf spot, bacterial angular leaf spot, gray mold and soft rot .
RALF1 peptide, a polypeptide found in plant kingdom (as well as in fungi and bacteria), is a FERONIA (FER) modulator. RALF1 peptide mediates rapid net H + influx across the plasma membrane, apoplast alkalinization, rapid reversible root growth inhibition, and non-transcriptional regulation.RALF1 peptide up-regulates auxin biosynthesis genes, activates canonical TIR1/AFB auxin signaling, and mediates sustained root growth inhibition. RALF1 peptide can be used for research on the regulation of plant growth and development .
12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid is a metabolite of Jasmonic acid (HY-122464A) and an inducer of defense responses. 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid can be isolated from potato leaflets. During the response of sugar beet plants to Cercospora beticola infection, 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid is released through deglycosylation of its glucoside form and participates in the Jasmonic acid-mediated defense signaling pathway. 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid mediates changes in source-sink relationships during pathogen infection, prioritizing the activation of defense processes over growth processes. 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid serves as a substrate for salicylic acid Glycosyltransferases in tobacco and rice. 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid can induce leaflet closure in Samanea saman. 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid acts as a potato tuber-inducing substance. 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid does not induce protoplast shrinkage in extensor motor cells of Samanea saman. 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid can be used in studies related to brown spot disease .
Plastoquinone (PQ-9) is a photosynthetic electron carrier as well as a redox sensor capable of regulating state transitions and gene expression. Plastoquinone transfers electrons to the cytochrome b6/f complex via the Q cycle, and participates in the establishment of the thylakoid transmembrane pH gradient. Plastoquinone can react with ROS. Plastoquinone is used in plant photosynthesis research .
Cysteine peptide is a tyrosinase inhibitor with skin-whitening, antioxidant and multi-regulatory activities. Cysteine peptide inhibits enzyme activity and blocks melanin transport, effectively reducing UV-B-induced skin erythema and pigmentation. Cysteine peptide synergistically maintains skin health by quenching ROS, resisting oxidative stress and promoting pheomelanin production. Cysteine peptide safely prevents daily ultraviolet damage and supports moderate sun exposure for vitamin D synthesis. Cysteine peptide also acts as a plant signaling factor to regulate vegetative growth, development and stress resistance responses .
Transketolase-IN-1 is a transketolase inhibitor and a herbicide. Transketolase-IN-1 inhibits weed growth and exhibits safety for maize and wheat at specified application rates. Transketolase-IN-1 can be used for the research of weed control in wheat and maize fields .
Feruloyl-CoA (Feruloyl-coenzyme A) is a cinnamoyl-CoA ester substrate involved in the biosynthesis of lignin and coumarin in plants. Feruloyl-CoA acts as a substrate for cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1-dependent reduction reaction with NADPH to produce cinnamaldehyde. Feruloyl-CoA is a precursor that generates Scopoletin (HY-N0342) via spontaneous trans/cis isomerization and lactonization of its side chain .
Endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase is a glycoside hydrolase that cleaves internal β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in cellulose and related β-D-glucans (β-D-Glucan) (HY-139413). Endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase randomly cuts long, insoluble cellulose polymer chains into shorter, soluble fragments such as oligosaccharides, thereby paving the way for further digestion into glucose .
Albicidin is a peptide antibiotic with phytotoxic activity. Albicidin potently inhibits bacterial and plant DNA gyrase at nanomolar concentrations, blocks DNA replication, and exhibits excellent antibacterial efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Albicidin possesses bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, and acts as a virulence factor for the systemic plant infection by Xanthomonas albilineans. Albicidin can be used in studies related to bacterial infections and sugarcane leaf blight .
Zingibroside R1 is an orally active triterpene saponin with multiple biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and metabolic regulatory properties. Zingibroside R1 reduces the expression of PIN family members, inhibits the expression of PLT1/PLT2, WOX5, SHR, and SCR, disrupts auxin transport and distribution, triggers plant ROS responses, and inhibits root growth. Zingibroside R1 extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, enhances its heat stress resistance, and improves its motor ability. Hydrogel derivatives of Zingibroside R1 inhibit the proliferation of Candida albicans by binding to its β-1,3-glucan and exhibit antifungal activity. Zingibroside R1 inhibits GLUT1-mediated uptake and alleviates liver injury. Zingibroside R1 can be used in research related to neurodegenerative diseases, vulvovaginal candidiasis, acute liver injury, Ehrlich ascites tumor and HIV-1 infection .
Myrigalone A (MyA) is a plant ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor and natural herbicide. Myrigalone A possesses antioxidant, antifungal, and antimicrobial activities. Myrigalone A interferes with auxin homeostasis during seed germination. Myrigalone A delays seed germination, inhibits the formation of roots, hypocotyls, and root hairs, and causes developmental delay in specific organisms. Myrigalone A triggers the induction of detoxification programs, alters the metabolism of gibberellins, cis-(+)-12-oxophytodienoic acid, and jasmonic acid, disrupts the antioxidant system and oxidative signaling, and impairs the function of aquaporins and water uptake in imbibed seeds. Myrigalone A can be used in studies related to herbicides and plant growth regulators .
Citramalic acid is an organic acid and soil phosphorus-solubilizing agent. Citramalic acid can be secreted by beet roots, and low phosphorus conditions promote its secretion .
Sucrose synthase belongs to glycosyltransferases and is a reversible catalyst present in plants, which catalyzes the conversion of sucrose into fructose and UDP-G or ADP-G. Sucrose synthase localizes to the cytoplasm, plasma membrane, cell wall, vacuole and mitochondria of plants. Sucrose synthase regulates sugar metabolism, supports the development of taproots, fruits, seeds and vascular tissues, drives the synthesis of starch, cellulose and callose, and enhances nitrogen fixation capacity. Sucrose synthase mediates signal transduction in plant meristems. Sucrose synthase is associated with plant growth, anaerobic stress tolerance, as well as shoot apical meristem and leaf morphology; overexpression of this enzyme promotes plant growth, increases xylem size, and elevates cellulose and starch contents .
ent-Copalyl diphosphate (ent-CPP) is a terpenoid precursor and metabolite involved in plant biosynthetic pathways. ent-Copalyl diphosphate participates in metabolism of natural products including phytoalexins in rice and maize, and steviol glycoside in Stevia rebaudiana .
Loliolide (Loliolid) is a β-carotene metabolite. Loliolide reduces caspase 3, 8, 9 expression, enhances PI3K, AKT, SIRT1, inhibits ROS, apoptosis, and blocks NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Loliolide protects mitochondria, reduces oxidative stress, and increases cell viability in neuroblastoma cells. Loliolide can be used for the research of UV-induced skin damage and Parkinson’s disease .
Indaziflam is an alkyltriazine herbicide. Indaziflam targets the cellulose synthase complex and inhibits cellulose biosynthesis in plant cell walls. Indaziflam induces radial swelling of plants, ectopic lignification, inhibition of root and hypocotyl elongation, abnormal root and cell morphology, and also induces DNA strand breaks and micronucleus formation in HepG2 cells. Indaziflam can be used for research on monocot weed control .
Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is a polarity-sensitive membrane probe with a doubly positive charge that can be used to visualize membrane microdomains in living Arabidopsis cells. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ produces a fluorescence spectrum shift by changing the polarity of the lipid environment after embedding into the cell membrane, thereby quantifying the degree of lipid accumulation. The excitation wavelength of Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is 488 nm, and the emission wavelengths are 560 nm and 650 nm in the liquid ordered and disordered phases, respectively. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is often used for fluorescence imaging studies of membrane microstructure, lipid order, and membrane tension response in living cells[1][2][3].
Zinpyr-1 is a zinc-responsive fluorescent indicator and a membrane-permeable metal-binding probe. Zinpyr-1 forms a complex with Mn 2+ ions and generates a fluorescence turn-on signal. Zinpyr-1 binds to free zinc ions in serum, enabling quantitative detection of free zinc concentration. Zinpyr-1 produces fluorescence signals reflecting the relative zinc concentration in plant root cells, localizes to specific layers of plant root cells, and can be used to support analyses related to plant zinc transporter mutations and homeostasis .
Probe-Cys is a water-soluble and selective near-infrared fluorescent probe for Cysteine (Cys) (λex= 680 nm, λem=710 nm) that is not interfered by Hcy, GSH, and HS-. Probe-Cys can react with the stimulant DTT (HY-15917) and the NEM (HY-D0843) in HepG2 cells and zebrafish for the detection of endogenous Cys. Probe-Cys can also be used for imaging Cys in Arabidopsis thaliana. Probe-Cys provides a method for cancer diagnosis and exploration of plant sulfur metabolism .
Di-4-ANEPPDHQ (solution) is a polarity-sensitive membrane probe with a doubly positive charge that can be used to visualize membrane microdomains in living Arabidopsis cells. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ produces a fluorescence spectrum shift by changing the polarity of the lipid environment after embedding into the cell membrane, thereby quantifying the degree of lipid accumulation. The excitation wavelength of Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is 488 nm, and the emission wavelengths are 560 nm and 650 nm in the liquid ordered and disordered phases, respectively. Di-4-ANEPPDHQ is often used for fluorescence imaging studies of membrane microstructure, lipid order, and membrane tension response in living cells[1][2][3]. Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 5 mM
Zinpyr-1 is a zinc-responsive fluorescent indicator and a membrane-permeable metal-binding probe. Zinpyr-1 forms a complex with Mn 2+ ions and generates a fluorescence turn-on signal. Zinpyr-1 binds to free zinc ions in serum, enabling quantitative detection of free zinc concentration. Zinpyr-1 produces fluorescence signals reflecting the relative zinc concentration in plant root cells, localizes to specific layers of plant root cells, and can be used to support analyses related to plant zinc transporter mutations and homeostasis .
Galactinol is a disaccharide carbohydrate serving as a galactosyl donor, which belongs to the raffinose family oligosaccharide pathway and acts as an important osmoprotectant. Galactinol not only induces disease resistance in plants against fungal and bacterial pathogens, but also significantly enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, low temperature and oxidative damage. In addition, Galactinol has the ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, can act as a signaling component for root colonization-induced systemic resistance, and is positively correlated with seed longevity in various crops, making it a potential biomarker for evaluating seed vigor. Therefore, Galactinol can be used in the research of various plant diseases including fungal leaf spot, bacterial angular leaf spot, gray mold and soft rot .
Farnesylthioacetic acid is a competitive, non-substrate inhibitor of Prenylcysteine α-carboxyl methyltransferase. It acts as a non-substrate competitive inhibitor of Arabidopsis thaliana Prenylcysteine α-carboxyl methyltransferase and blocks methyltransferase activity. Farnesylthioacetic acid does not inhibit protein farnesyltransferase activity in Arabidopsis. It induces Apoptosis. Farnesylthioacetic acid regulates the subcellular localization of Ras protein, reducing the proportion of cytoplasmic Ras protein without disrupting membrane binding. It enhances ABA-induced seed dormancy, delays seed germination, and promotes maximum stomatal closure at lower exogenous ABA concentrations. Farnesylthioacetic acid can be used in studies related to promyelocytic leukemia .
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium (UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid ammonium) is a glucuronic acid donor. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium transfers its glucuronic acid moiety to acceptor molecules, thereby forming "ether" glucuronides, while being converted into uridine 5'-pyrophosphate. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium serves as a substrate for ArabidopsisUDP-GlcA 4-epimerase 1, and undergoes reversible 4-epimerization to generate UDP-α-D-galacturonic acid .
Arabidopsis Thaliana Nutrient Solution is a nutrient solution specifically designed for the hydroponic cultivation of Arabidopsis thaliana. It is composed of calcium salts, ammonium salts, potassium salts, phosphates, magnesium sulfate, and other nutrients.
Cysteine peptide is a tyrosinase inhibitor with skin-whitening, antioxidant and multi-regulatory activities. Cysteine peptide inhibits enzyme activity and blocks melanin transport, effectively reducing UV-B-induced skin erythema and pigmentation. Cysteine peptide synergistically maintains skin health by quenching ROS, resisting oxidative stress and promoting pheomelanin production. Cysteine peptide safely prevents daily ultraviolet damage and supports moderate sun exposure for vitamin D synthesis. Cysteine peptide also acts as a plant signaling factor to regulate vegetative growth, development and stress resistance responses .
REF1 peptide is a PORK1 agonist with an EC50 of 0.028 nM in tomato. REF1 peptide binds to the extracellular domain of PORK1, triggers receptor autophosphorylation, and drives downstream MPK3/MPK6 activation, thereby initiating defense and regeneration signaling cascades. REF1 peptide induces callus formation, inhibits shoot regeneration upon continuous exposure, and enhances the regeneration and transformation efficiency of recalcitrant dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous crops .
Elf18 is a peptide fragment of bacterial translation elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu). Elf18 can be recognized by plant pattern recognition receptors, thereby inducing an immune response. Elf18 can enhance plants' resistance to pathogens and can be used in research related to plant immune responses .
AtPep1 is a plant elicitor peptide. AtPep1 activates transcription of the defensive gene defensin (PDF1.2) and activates the synthesis of H2O2, which are components of the innate immune response against pathogens. AtPep1 can be isolated from extracts of Arabidopsis leaves .
AtPep1 TFA is an endogenous inducer of innate immune responses. AtPep1 TFA can be isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. AtPep1 TFA activates the transcription of defensin (PDF1.2), the expression of PROPEP1, the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) near leaf veins, and the alkalization of Arabidopsis suspension cell culture medium. AtPep1 TFA induces the expression of genes encoding defensins and PR-1. AtPep1 TFA is applicable to studies related to Pythium irregulare infection and pathogen infection .
RALF1 peptide, a polypeptide found in plant kingdom (as well as in fungi and bacteria), is a FERONIA (FER) modulator. RALF1 peptide mediates rapid net H + influx across the plasma membrane, apoplast alkalinization, rapid reversible root growth inhibition, and non-transcriptional regulation.RALF1 peptide up-regulates auxin biosynthesis genes, activates canonical TIR1/AFB auxin signaling, and mediates sustained root growth inhibition. RALF1 peptide can be used for research on the regulation of plant growth and development .
Hanlp24 (Nlp24) is an immunogenic short peptide derived from plant pathogenic microorganisms. Hanlp24 can be recognized by the immune system of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and effectively induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Hanlp24 is not the key factor that triggers plant defense and leads to the loss of pathogen virulence in the interaction system between cucumber and anthracnose pathogen. Hanlp24 can be used for the study of the plant immune system .
Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) is a N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone can inhibit primary root growth in Arabidopsis. N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone triggers a transient and immediate increase in the concentrations of cytosolic free Ca 2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS), increases the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6), and induces nitric oxide (NO) production in Arabidopsis roots .
Lincomycin (U-10149) is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice .
Galactinol is a disaccharide carbohydrate serving as a galactosyl donor, which belongs to the raffinose family oligosaccharide pathway and acts as an important osmoprotectant. Galactinol not only induces disease resistance in plants against fungal and bacterial pathogens, but also significantly enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, low temperature and oxidative damage. In addition, Galactinol has the ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals, can act as a signaling component for root colonization-induced systemic resistance, and is positively correlated with seed longevity in various crops, making it a potential biomarker for evaluating seed vigor. Therefore, Galactinol can be used in the research of various plant diseases including fungal leaf spot, bacterial angular leaf spot, gray mold and soft rot .
Roridin A acts as an inhibitor of pollen development in Arabidopsis thaliana and nematicide. Roridin A is isolated from the fungus Cylindrocarpon sp. Roridin A delays the flowering time of Arabidopsis thaliana, inhibits pollen development and stem elongation, and blocks plant growth. Roridin A induces larval death of the southern root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) .
(±)-Dihydroactinidiolide is the dextrorotatory form of Dihydroactinidiolide (HY-107805). (±)-Dihydroactinidiolide has a strong, pleasant musky, tea-like and tobacco-like aroma and is mainly found in black tea, tobacco and fruits. (±)-Dihydroactinidiolide has antioxidant activity and can be derived from β-carotene.or light adaptation in Arabidopsis .
Oligomycin B is an antibiotic that acts as a non-selective inhibitor of ATP Synthase. Oligomycin B increases mitochondrial membrane potential. Oligomycin B induces apoptosis and necrosis. Oligomycin B impairs the motility of Plasmopara viticola zoospores and induces their lysis. Oligomycin B inhibits Magnaporthe oryzae (wheat blast fungus) and suppresses the development of wheat blast. Oligomycin B reduces hyphal growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea, and protects Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea infection. Oligomycin B exacerbates cytotoxic brain edema in rats with cerebral cortical contusion, increases intracranial pressure and brain water content, and aggravates mitochondrial damage in these rats. Oligomycin B is used in studies related to grape downy mildew, traumatic brain injury, wheat blast, and gray mold .
24-Epicastasterone (24-epi-Castasterone) is a bioactive brassinosteroid and a ligand of ABCB1 and ABCB19 in Arabidopsis thaliana. 24-Epicastasterone stimulates the ATPase activity of ABCB19 and the ATP hydrolysis activity of ABCB1, which drive the efflux of substances from plant cells. 24-Epicastasterone increases the activities of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase in the roots of wheat seedlings. 24-Epicastasterone alleviates heat-induced lipid peroxidation through a ROS-dependent mechanism and enhances the heat tolerance of common wheat seedlings.
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid) is a glucuronic acid donor. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid transfers its glucuronic acid moiety to acceptor molecules, thereby forming "ether" glucuronides, while being converted into uridine 5'-pyrophosphate. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid serves as a substrate for ArabidopsisUDP-GlcA 4-epimerase 1, and undergoes reversible 4-epimerization to generate UDP-α-D-galacturonic acid .
Dihydroactinidiolide, existing in plant leaves and fruits, is a potent plant growth inhibitor, a regulator of gene expression and is responsible for photo acclimation in Arabidopsis. Dihydroactinidiolide has antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, anticancer activity and neuroprotective effect . Dihydroactinidiolide is also an inhibitor of AChE (IC50=34.03 nM) and has scavenging activities for DPPH and (.NO). Dihydroactinidiolide is present in plant leaves and fruits and is a potent plant growth inhibitor, regulator of gene expression, and responsible for light adaptation in Arabidopsis.
Ascr#18, an ascaroside, is a hormone of nematodes. Ascr#18 is expressed during nematode development. Ascr#18 increases resistance in Arabidopsis, tomato, potato and barley to viral, bacterial, oomycete, fungal and nematode infections .
Lincomycin hydrochloride (U10149A) is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin hydrochloride binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin hydrochloride can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin hydrochloride induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice .
Lincomycin (U-10149) hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice .
Loliolide (Loliolid) is a β-carotene metabolite. Loliolide reduces caspase 3, 8, 9 expression, enhances PI3K, AKT, SIRT1, inhibits ROS, apoptosis, and blocks NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Loliolide protects mitochondria, reduces oxidative stress, and increases cell viability in neuroblastoma cells. Loliolide can be used for the research of UV-induced skin damage and Parkinson’s disease .
Lariciresinol is an orally active ingredient. Lariciresinol can be isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana. Lariciresinol inhibits α-glucosidase activity (IC50 of 6.97 μM; Ki of 0.046 μM). Lariciresinol dereases Bcl-2, upregulates Bax and induces Apoptosis. Lariciresinol regulates TGF-β and NF-κB pathways. Lariciresinol has antitumor activity against liver cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer. Lariciresinol shows antifungal activity and anti-diabetic activity .
Scopolin is a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) roots . Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades .
(+)-Bornyl acetate is found in pichtae essential oil (Siberian fir needle oil). (+)-Bornyl acetate has a stronger inhibitory effect on root growth of Arabidopsis seedlings .
Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium (UDP-α-D-glucuronic acid ammonium) is a glucuronic acid donor. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium transfers its glucuronic acid moiety to acceptor molecules, thereby forming "ether" glucuronides, while being converted into uridine 5'-pyrophosphate. Uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid ammonium serves as a substrate for ArabidopsisUDP-GlcA 4-epimerase 1, and undergoes reversible 4-epimerization to generate UDP-α-D-galacturonic acid .
Zingibroside R1 is an orally active triterpene saponin with multiple biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and metabolic regulatory properties. Zingibroside R1 reduces the expression of PIN family members, inhibits the expression of PLT1/PLT2, WOX5, SHR, and SCR, disrupts auxin transport and distribution, triggers plant ROS responses, and inhibits root growth. Zingibroside R1 extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, enhances its heat stress resistance, and improves its motor ability. Hydrogel derivatives of Zingibroside R1 inhibit the proliferation of Candida albicans by binding to its β-1,3-glucan and exhibit antifungal activity. Zingibroside R1 inhibits GLUT1-mediated uptake and alleviates liver injury. Zingibroside R1 can be used in research related to neurodegenerative diseases, vulvovaginal candidiasis, acute liver injury, Ehrlich ascites tumor and HIV-1 infection .
DL-m-Tyrosine is a non-protein amino acid. DL-m-Tyrosine inhibits microbial growth and spore formation. DL-m-Tyrosine also inhibits root growth in various plants, such as lettuce and Arabidopsis. DL-m-Tyrosine, when used in combination with Carbidopa (HY-B0311), has a potent antihypertensive effect. DL-m-Tyrosine can be used in research on biopesticide design .
Thermospermine, a structural isomer of Spermine, is synthesized by a thermospermine synthase designated ACAULIS5 (ACL5). Thermospermine suppresses auxin-inducible xylem differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana .
3-Pentanol is an active organic compound produced by plants and is a component of insect-released pheromones. 3-Pentanol can trigger plant immunity against microbial pathogens and pests in crops by activating the SA and JA signaling pathways.
Aspterric acid is a carotane compound, which is initially isolated from Aspergillus terreus. Aspterric acid is an inhibitor for pollen development in Arabidopsis thaliana .
Formoterol (hemifumarate hydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Formoterol (hemifumarate hydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate is a selective, long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Formoterol is a bronchodilator used for the research of the asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Formoterol hemifumarate hydrate induces mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes cognitive recovery after traumatic brain injury .
Aristolochic acid C is a derivative of Aristolochic acid. Aristolochic acid is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor, which disrupts cortical microtubule arrays and root growth in Arabidopsis .
Plastoquinone (PQ-9) is a photosynthetic electron carrier as well as a redox sensor capable of regulating state transitions and gene expression. Plastoquinone transfers electrons to the cytochrome b6/f complex via the Q cycle, and participates in the establishment of the thylakoid transmembrane pH gradient. Plastoquinone can react with ROS. Plastoquinone is used in plant photosynthesis research .
Citramalic acid is an organic acid and soil phosphorus-solubilizing agent. Citramalic acid can be secreted by beet roots, and low phosphorus conditions promote its secretion .
Scopolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Scopolin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Scopolin is a coumarin isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) roots . Scopolin attenuated hepatic steatosis through activation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades .
Cedrene regulates auxin transport and signal transduction in Arabidopsis, and thus stimulates the plants root development. Cedrene affects the Arabidopsis roots morphology by increasing the lateral roots, promoting the elongation of primary roots, affecting the expression of the auxin response gene DR5 and auxin transporters such as PIN2 and PIN3 .
3-Pentanol (Standard) is an analytical reference standard of 3-Pentanol. 3-Pentanol is an active organic compound produced by plants and is a component of insect-released pheromones. 3-Pentanol can trigger plant immunity against microbial pathogens and pests in crops by activating the SA and JA signaling pathways.
Aristolochic acid C (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aristolochic acid C. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aristolochic acid C is a derivative of Aristolochic acid. Aristolochic acid is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor, which disrupts cortical microtubule arrays and root growth in Arabidopsis .
Lincomycin (U-10149) (Standard) is the analytical reference standard of Lincomycin (HY-117660). This product is used for research and analytical applications. Lincomycin is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice.
Lincomycin (U-10149) hydrochloride monohydrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate (HY-B1358). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice.
Norharmane (Standard) is the analytical standard of Norharmane. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
L-Gulono-1,4-lactone (L-Gulonolactone) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Gulono-1,4-lactone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Gulono-1,4-lactone is a biosynthetic precursor of L-Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) (HY-B0166). L-Gulono-1,4-lactone can be enzymatically converted to L-Ascorbic acid via the animal uronic acid pathway, while species such as humans lack the key oxidase that catalyzes this step, resulting in the disruption of this pathway and the necessity to obtain Vitamin C from diet. L-Gulono-1,4-lactone is a putative intermediate in an alternative biosynthetic pathway of L-Ascorbic acid in Arabidopsis thaliana.
β-Cotonefuran is a dibenzofuran phytoalexin produced by plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. β-Cotonefuran can be used in the study ofArabidopsis thaliana's response to salt stress .
Herbicidal Agent 9 (Compound 5) is a herbicidal derivative of 23-spirocholestane. In combination with Compound 6, Herbicidal Agent 9 inhibits Arabidopsis root growth, exhibiting an EC50 of 6.89 μM .
15-Nonacosanol is a secondary alcohol compound and the major surface lipid component of Arabidopsis thaliana cuticular wax. 15-Nonacosanol participates in the plant cuticular wax biosynthesis pathway and the formation process of related gene mutants. 15-Nonacosanol can be extracted from the leaves and stems of Arabidopsis thaliana .
DL-m-Tyrosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of DL-m-Tyrosine (HY-W001940). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DL-m-Tyrosine is a non-protein amino acid. DL-m-Tyrosine inhibits microbial growth and spore formation. DL-m-Tyrosine also inhibits root growth in various plants, such as lettuce and Arabidopsis. DL-m-Tyrosine, when used in combination with Carbidopa (HY-B0311), has a potent antihypertensive effect. DL-m-Tyrosine can be used in research on biopesticide design .
Hancockiamide C is a phenylacetic piperazine natural products found in Aspergillus hancockii. Hancockiamide C is synthesized via the hkm biosynthetic gene cluster, involving NRPS Hkm11 and the acetyltransferase Hkm3. Hancockiamide C inhibits seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana (MIC = 6.3 μg/mL), but shows no activity against Eragrostis tef seeds .
N-(E-4-Coumaroyl)-aspartate is a hydroxycinnamic acid amide compound that can be isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension cultures. N-(E-4-Coumaroyl)-aspartate may be involved in metabolic processes related to specific metabolites found in Arabidopsis thaliana cell cultures.
Sarmentine is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide and PSII inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3.0 μM and a Ki of 1.5 μM against spinach, an IC50 of 1.72 μM against wild-type Amaranthus retroflexus, and an IC50 of 0.97 μM against triazine-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus. Sarmentine competitively binds to the QB binding site of plastoquinone on PSII, thereby blocking photosynthetic electron transport. Sarmentine inhibits enoyl-ACP reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting the early fatty acid synthesis process, with an IC50 of 18.3 μM. Sarmentine induces light-independent loss of plasma membrane integrity and electrolyte leakage. Sarmentine also exhibits antiplasmodial, antimycobacterial, antituberculous, and antiplatelet aggregation activities .
cis-2-Amino-1-hydroxycyclobutane-1-acetic acid is a herbicidal antimetabolite that can cause L-cysteineor L-methionine-reversible chlorosis in Arabidopsis thaliana .
(S)-Allantoin is the S-isomer of Allantoin (HY-N0543). (S)-Allantoin binds selectively in the active site of urate oxidase. (S)-Allantoin can be converted to Allantoate by the action of allantoicase. (S)-Allantoin serves as a source of nitrogen in Arabidopsis thaliana .
Ascr#18 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ascr#18 (HY-N8393). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ascr#18, an ascaroside, is a hormone of nematodes. Ascr#18 is expressed during nematode development. Ascr#18 increases resistance in Arabidopsis, tomato, potato and barley to viral, bacterial, oomycete, fungal and nematode infections .
4'-Chloro-1'-(5-penta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-2-thienyl)-but-2'-yn-3'-ol is a phytotoxic polyacetylene compound. 4'-Chloro-1'-(5-penta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-2-thienyl)-but-2'-yn-3'-ol can be isolated from the roots and root exudates of Acroptilon repens. It exhibits phytotoxicity and reduces the root length of lettuce .
Myrigalone A (MyA) is a plant ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor and natural herbicide. Myrigalone A possesses antioxidant, antifungal, and antimicrobial activities. Myrigalone A interferes with auxin homeostasis during seed germination. Myrigalone A delays seed germination, inhibits the formation of roots, hypocotyls, and root hairs, and causes developmental delay in specific organisms. Myrigalone A triggers the induction of detoxification programs, alters the metabolism of gibberellins, cis-(+)-12-oxophytodienoic acid, and jasmonic acid, disrupts the antioxidant system and oxidative signaling, and impairs the function of aquaporins and water uptake in imbibed seeds. Myrigalone A can be used in studies related to herbicides and plant growth regulators .
ent-Copalyl diphosphate (ent-CPP) is a terpenoid precursor and metabolite involved in plant biosynthetic pathways. ent-Copalyl diphosphate participates in metabolism of natural products including phytoalexins in rice and maize, and steviol glycoside in Stevia rebaudiana .
The NIT2 protein has the extraordinary ability to catalyze the conversion of 3-indole-acetonitrile into 3-indole-acetic acid, an important plant hormone involved in many physiological processes. This transition is significant because it represents a key step in the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid, a key regulator of plant growth and development. NIT2 Protein, Arabidopsis thaliana is the recombinant NIT2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free.
The NIT2 protein has the extraordinary ability to catalyze the conversion of 3-indole-acetonitrile into 3-indole-acetic acid, an important plant hormone involved in many physiological processes. This transition is significant because it represents a key step in the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid, a key regulator of plant growth and development. NIT2 Protein, Arabidopsis thaliana (His) is the recombinant NIT2 protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag.
Lincomycin-d3 (U-10149-d3) is the deuterium labeled Lincomycin. Lincomycin is an orally active lincosamide antibiotic. Lincomycin binds to the ribosomes of Gram-positive bacteria to inhibit protein synthesis. Lincomycin can inhibit chloroplast translation, disrupt chloroplast integrity, and activate chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Lincomycin induces alterations in lipid profiles and liver injury, disrupts blood glucose and insulin levels, and increases growth rate in mice.
DL-m-Tyrosine-d3 is the deuterium labeled DL-m-Tyrosine (HY-W001940). DL-m-Tyrosine is a non-protein amino acid. DL-m-Tyrosine inhibits microbial growth and spore formation. DL-m-Tyrosine also inhibits root growth in various plants, such as lettuce and Arabidopsis. DL-m-Tyrosine, when used in combination with Carbidopa (HY-B0311), has a potent antihypertensive effect. DL-m-Tyrosine can be used in research on biopesticide design.
Norharman-d7 is deuterium labeled Norharmane. Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
Sarmentine-d8 is the deuterium labeled Sarmentine. Sarmentine is a broad-spectrum contact herbicide and PSII inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3.0 μM and a Ki of 1.5 μM against spinach, an IC50 of 1.72 μM against wild-type Amaranthus retroflexus, and an IC50 of 0.97 μM against triazine-resistant Amaranthus retroflexus. Sarmentine competitively binds to the QB binding site of plastoquinone on PSII, thereby blocking photosynthetic electron transport. Sarmentine inhibits enoyl-ACP reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana by targeting the early fatty acid synthesis process, with an IC50 of 18.3 μM. Sarmentine induces light-independent loss of plasma membrane integrity and electrolyte leakage. Sarmentine also exhibits antiplasmodial, antimycobacterial, antituberculous, and antiplatelet aggregation activities .
Norharmane- 13C (Norharman- 13C) is the 13C-labeled Norharmane (HY-W008566). Norharmane (Norharman), a β-carboline alkaloid, is a potent and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 6.5 and 4.7 μM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. Norharmane causes antidepressant responses. Norharmane is also a prospective anti-cancer photosensitizer. Norharmane alters polar auxin transport (PAT) by inhibiting PIN2, PIN3 and PIN7 transport proteins, thus causing a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings .
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
MedchemExpress Validation 03
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
MedchemExpress Validation 04
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
MedchemExpress Validation
Western blot analysis of extracts from THP-1(lane 2(20μg), Jurkat (lane 3(20μg) and NIH3T3(lane 4(20μg) using FOXO1A (HY-P80132) Rabbit mAb. Proteins were transferred
to a PVDF membrane and blocked with 5% non-fat milk in TBST for 2 hour at room temperature. The primary antibody (1/1000) and Loading control antibody (Beta Actin, HY-P80438, 1/10000) was
used in 5% non-fat milk in TBST at 4°C overnight. Goat Anti-Mouse/Rabbit IgG-HRP Secondary Antibody (1/10000) was used for 1 hour at room temperature.
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