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Maleic

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Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-Y1311

Malic acid 4 Publications Verification Hydroxybutanedioic acid; E 296	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that occurs naturally in fruits like apples and pears with oral activities. Malic acid plays a role in many sour or tangy foods. Malic acid is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle .

HY-Y0367

Maleic acid 1 Publications Verification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial	Infection
Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of *E. coli* and *L. monocytogenes*.

HY-Y1069

(S)-Malic acid 2 Publications Verification (S)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; (S)-E 296; L-Malic acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
(S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.

HY-Y1147

Diethyl maleate 1 Publications Verification Maleic acid diethyl ester	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Diethyl maleate (DEM) is an orally available, effective glutathione (GSH) depletor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Diethyl maleate covalently binds irreversibly to GSH via glutathione S-transferase with an in vitro IC50 of 0.1-0.5 mM. Diethyl maleate selectively depletes GSH in liver, lung, and brain tissues, exacerbating oxidative stress and enhancing hyperbaric oxygen toxicity. Diethyl maleate promotes precursor amino acid uptake and in turn promotes GSH synthesis by upregulating the activity of the cystine-glutamate transporter X_{O ^-}. Diethyl maleate can be used to study redox homeostasis and GSH protection mechanisms in oxidative stress-related diseases such as hyperbaric oxygen injury and metabolic diseases[1][2][3].

HY-124861

Malic enzyme inhibitor ME1 5 Publications Verification ME1	Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN)	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Malic enzyme inhibitor ME1 (ME1; compound 1) is a potent inhibitor of Malic enzyme (ME1) with an IC₅₀ of 0.15 μM .

HY-113415A

Testosterone sulfate (pyridinium) 1 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite Drug Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Testosterone sulfate pyridinium is a Testosterone sulfate with a pyridinium. Testosterone sulfate pyridinium is the metabolite of Testosterone. Testosterone is the main male sex hormone which determination is useful for assessment of androgen status .

HY-20558

D-(+)-Malic acid 1 Publications Verification D-Malic acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
D-(+)-Malic acid (D-Malic acid), an active enantiomer of Malic acid, is a competitive inhibitor of L(--)malic acid transport .

HY-150621

AS1134900	β-catenin Wnt	Cancer
AS1134900 is a highly selective uncompetitive allosteric inhibitor of NADP ⁺-dependent malic enzyme 1 (ME1) with an IC₅₀ of 0.73 μM. AS1134900 can be used in the study of cancer .

HY-W011848

Monobenzyl phthalate 2-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)benzoic acid	Drug Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Monobenzyl phthalate is a phthalate metabolite (aromatic alkyl chain monophthalate) with oral activity, which acts as a male reproductive development inhibitor and antiandrogen in rat fetuses .

HY-B0487

Ethisterone Pregneninolone; 17α-Ethynyltestosterone	Estrogen Receptor/ERR	Metabolic Disease
Ethisterone (Pregneninolone; 17α-Ethynyltestosterone) is a synthetic steroidal estrogen, is an orally active steroidal contraceptive agent. Ethisterone has almost no effect on the phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system in male guinea pigs, while in utero exposure can induce abnormalities in the urogenital system of offspring .

HY-Y1311S

Malic acid-d3 Hydroxybutanedioic acid-d₃; E 296-d₃	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Malic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Malic acid. Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that is naturally found in fruits such as apples and pears. It plays a role in many sour or tart foods .

HY-18996

Adjudin 4 Publications Verification AF-2364	Chloride Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
Adjudin is an extensively studied male contraceptive with a superior mitochondria-inhibitory effect. Adjudin is also a potent Cl ^- channel blocker.

HY-155659

4A7C-301 1 Publications Verification	Nuclear Hormone Receptor 4A/NR4A	Neurological Disease
4A7C-301 is a Nurr1 agonist with robust neuroprotective effects in vitro. 4A7C-301 significantly ameliorates neuropathological abnormalities and improves motor and olfactory dysfunctions in AAV2-mediated α-synuclein-overexpressing male mouse models. 4A7C-301 can be used for the research of Parkinson’s disease .

HY-128900

11-cis-Vaccenyl acetate	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
11-cis-Vaccenyl acetate is male-specific lipid that mediates aggregation behavior in both male and female flies, which activates a few dozen olfactory neurons located in T1 sensilla on the antenna of both male and female flies .

HY-16743A

Ibiglustat (L-Malic acid) 3 Publications Verification Venglustat (L-Malic acid); SAR402671 (L-Malic acid); GZ402671 (L-Malic acid)	Glucosylceramide Synthase (GCS)	Metabolic Disease
Ibiglustat (Venglustat) L-Malic acid is an orally active, brain-penetrant glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitor. Ibiglustat L-Malic acid can be used for the research of Gaucher disease type 3, Parkinson's disease associated with GBA mutations, Fabry disease, GM2 gangliosidosis, and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease .

HY-137967

Genistein 7-β-D-Glucuronide Genistein 7-O-glucuronide	Drug Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Genistein 7-β-D-Glucuronide (Genistein 7-O-glucuronide) is the primary phase II metabolite of Genistein (HY-14596) in human and rat hepatocytes. Genistein 7-β-D-Glucuronide undergoes distinct deconjugation in different functional assays. Genistein 7-β-D-Glucuronide is produced via hepatic microsomal glucuronidation and shows a mild age-related increase in intrinsic clearance in male F344 rats. Genistein 7-β-D-Glucuronide can be used for research on metabolism .

HY-163650

DTPD-Q	Akt	Endocrinology
DTPD-Q is an antioxidant and an oxidative derivative of methylbenzenesulfonyl-p-phenylenediamine DTPD. DTPD-Q is a molecule that binds to AKT1 and ESR1, with high binding affinity to core targets associated with male infertility and its subtypes. DTPD-Q can be used in studies related to male infertility .

HY-N6977

Ascr#3	Others	Infection
Ascr#3 is a type of pheromone found in the beautiful nematode, and when mixed with ascr#2, it can act as a male attractant and also induce the formation of dauer (the dormant larval stage). Ascr#3 can counteract the effects caused by male-enriched Ascr#10 .

HY-78035

Citraconic anhydride MethylMaleic anhydride	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Citraconic anhydride (Methylmaleic anhydride) is a derivative of maleic anhydride (HY-Z0060) and novel antigen retrieval solution. Citraconic anhydride reversibly blocks protein amino groups, stabilizing specific enzymes and improving their catalytic performance. Citraconic anhydride reacts with free amino groups on proteins (especially lysine residues), converting positively charged NH3 ⁺ into carboxyl groups, thereby disrupting methylene bridge crosslinks caused by Formaldehyde during antigen retrieval. Citraconic anhydride functionalizes Isotactic polypropylene. Citraconic anhydride precisely responds to pH changes to achieve reversible modification. Citraconic anhydride is irritating to skin and eyes .

HY-Y1069S3

(S)-Malic acid-13C4 (S)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid-¹³C₄; (S)-E 296-¹³C₄; L-Malic acid-¹³C₄	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
(S)-Malic acid- ¹³C₄ is the ¹³C labeled S-Malic acid (HY-Y1069) .

HY-131708A

FNDR-20123	HDAC Parasite	Infection
FNDR-20123 is a safe, first-in-class, and orally active anti-malarial HDAC inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 31 nM and 3 nM for Plasmodium and human HDAC, respectively. FNDR-20123 exerts anti-malarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum asexual stage (IC₅₀=41 nM) and sexual blood stage (IC₅₀=190 nM for male gametocytes). FNDR-20123 inhibits HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC6, and HDAC8 (IC₅₀=25/29/2/11/282 nM, respectively.) and inhibits Class III HDAC isoforms at nanomolar concentrations .

HY-125539

Roridin E	Antibiotic Phosphatase Fungal	Infection
Roridin E is a glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) inhibitor and antibiotic, and is a metabolic byproduct of Roridin A (HY-N9599). Roridin E induces significant oxidative stress, characterized by depletion of glutathione in vivo, induction of hepatic lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of renal superoxide dismutase activity. Roridin E reduces blood glucose levels in rats, but exhibits acute toxicity (which is enhanced when co-administered with linoleic acid (HY-N0729)) and causes hepatotoxicity in male albino mice. Roridin E induces a decrease in total blood protein and increases in the levels of total lipids, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and 5'-nucleotidase. Roridin E can be isolated from molds, and possesses cytostatic and antifungal activities similar to those of Verrucarin A (HY-107426) and Roridin A. Roridin E exhibits in vivo activity in rodents and is commonly used in hepatotoxicity-related studies .

HY-W250303

Malic acid disodium salt 4 Publications Verification Hydroxybutanedioic acid disodium salt; E 296 disodium salt	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Sodium DL-Malate is an organic compound commonly used as a food additive, buffer and nutritional supplement. It contains sodium and malic acid. Malic acid disodium salt has several properties suitable for these applications, including the ability to enhance food flavor, improve texture and regulate acidity. Additionally, it can be used as a dietary supplement due to its potential health benefits, including improved energy production, reduced fatigue, and enhanced athletic performance.

HY-B2015

Carbosulfan	Environmental Pollutants Insecticide Parasite Cholinesterase (ChE)	Infection
Carbosulfan is an orally active AChE inhibitor that hydrolyzes to Carbofuran in organisms to exert insecticidal effects. Carbosulfan exhibits broad-spectrum insecticidal activity, and it also induces severe oxidative stress by enhancing lipid peroxidation and impairing the antioxidant defense system. Carbosulfan causes reproductive toxicity in male rats and developmental disorders in their offspring. Carbosulfan shows persistence in paddy field environments and potential hazards to non-target organisms, and it is commonly used in studies related to reproductive toxicity and environmental risk assessment .

HY-113415

Testosterone sulfate	Endogenous Metabolite Drug Metabolite	Others
Testosterone sulfate is a Testosterone sulfate with a pyridinium. Testosterone sulfate is the metabolite of Testosterone. Testosterone is the main male sex hormone which determination is useful for assessment of androgen status .

HY-59354

Maleic hydrazide	Environmental Pollutants DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
Maleic hydrazide is extensively used as a systemic plant growth regulator and as a herbicide. Maleic hydrazide acts as an inhibitor of the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins .

HY-155478

Androgen receptor-IN-6	Androgen Receptor	Cancer
Androgen receptor-IN-6 (compound 16) is an orally available androgen receptor (Androgen Receptor) potent inhibitor (IC₅₀=0.12 μM in vitro), targeting the disordered N-terminal domain (NTD). Androgen receptor-IN-6 has good Caco2 cell membrane permeability and has an oral activity (F/%) of 16% in male CD-1 mice .

HY-Y1311R

Malic acid (Standard) Hydroxybutanedioic acid (Standard); E 296 (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Malic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that is naturally found in fruits such as apples and pears. It plays a role in many sour or tart foods.

HY-Y1069S

(S)-Malic acid-d3 1 Publications Verification (S)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid-d₃; (S)-E 296-d₃; L-Malic acid-d₃	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
(S)-Malic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled (S)-Malic acid. (S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive .

HY-116047

Anisylacetone p-Methoxybenzylacetone	Environmental Pollutants	Others
Anisylacetone (p-Methoxybenzylacetone) is a male fruit fly attractant .

HY-N7099

Cue-lure Q-lure	Environmental Pollutants Insecticide	Others
Cue-lure (Q-lure) is a melon fly attractant. Cue-lure provides a short-term mating advantage to male Bactrocera cucurbitae .

HY-Y0367S

Maleic acid-d2 Maleic-2,3-d2 acid	Bacterial Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
Maleic Acid-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Maleic Acid . Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of E. coli and L. monocytogenes .

HY-164032

Dimethandrolone undecanoate 7α,11β-Dimethyl-17β-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one 17-undecanoate	GnRH Receptor	Endocrinology
Dimethandrolone undecanoate (7α,11β-Dimethyl-17β-hydroxyestr-4-en-3-one 17-undecanoate) exhibits withrogens and progesterone activity. Dimethandrolone undecanoate inhibits production of gonadotropins, suppresses testosterone production, and thus inhibits sperm production. Dimethandrolone undecanoate is potent for development of male hormone contraceptives .

HY-Y1069R

(S)-Malic acid (Standard) 1 Publications Verification (S)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid (Standard); (S)-E 296 (Standard); L-Malic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
(S)-Malic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of (S)-Malic acid (HY-Y1069). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.

HY-W250303A

Malic acid disodium hydrate 4 Publications Verification Hydroxybutanedioic acid disodium hydrate; Disodium DL-malate hydrate; E 296 disodium hydrate	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Malic acid disodium hydrate is an organic compound that is commonly used as a food additive, buffering agent, and nutritional supplement. It contains sodium and malic acid. Malic acid disodium hydrate has a variety of properties that make it suitable for these applications, including the ability to enhance food flavor, improve texture, and regulate acidity. In addition, due to its potential health benefits, including improved energy production, reduced fatigue, and enhanced athletic performance, Malic acid disodium hydrate can be used as a dietary supplement .

HY-117081

C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0)	Others	Others
C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0), a sphingolipid, is an epidermis-specifically vital component of the water barrier in mammalian skin. C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0) is expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and male germ cells during their differentiation and maturation. C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0) deficiency in the epiderm of Elovl4 deletion or mutation mice .

HY-B2007

Fluazifop-P-butyl	Environmental Pollutants Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Herbicide	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Fluazifop-P-butyl is an orally active herbicide and ACCase inhibitor. Fluazifop-P-butyl blocks the formation of malonyl-CoA, disrupts lipid synthesis in sensitive plants, and exhibits concentration-dependent phytotoxicity to non-target maize seedlings. Fluazifop-P-butyl induces oxidative stress in male Wistar rats, impairs their liver and kidney functions, and disrupts testicular function .

HY-P2892

Fumarase	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Fumarase catalyses the conversion of l-malic acid to fumaric acid. Fumarase participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle in mitochondria. Fumarase participates in the cellular response to DNA double strand breaks .

HY-W613915

(±)-Ipsdienol	Sex Pheromone	Endocrinology
(±)-Ipsdienol is a sex pheromone with an inducing effect on male spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby), which can be isolated from the subspecies of spruce beetles (Ips tridens Mannerheim) .

HY-59354S

Maleic hydrazide-d2	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
Maleic hydrazide-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Maleic hydrazide . Maleic hydrazide is extensively used as a systemic plant growth regulator and as a herbicide. Maleic hydrazide acts as an inhibitor of the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins .

HY-W130878

4-Octylphenol	Complement System Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB	Inflammation/Immunology
4-Octylphenol is a hormone disruptor that has gender-specific effects on male reproductive cells, significantly reducing the mitotic index and the number of spermatogonia. 4-Octylphenol can cause inflammatory damage to fish gills by activating the complement system through the C3a/C3aR axis and the C5a/C5aR1 axis, this leads to complement activation and causes immune suppression due to the imbalance between Th1/Th2 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg)/Th17 cells, as well as inflammatory damage via the Toll-like receptor 7 (Toll-like Receptor (TLR))/IκBα/NF-κB pathway .

HY-W004338

1-Methylcyclohexene	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
1-Methylcyclohexene is a male insect sex pheromone .

HY-W780803

(Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienol	Parasite	Endocrinology
(Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienol is a synthetic enhancer of male Ephestia cautella attraction .

HY-W009688

Dibutyl maleate	Drug Intermediate	Inflammation/Immunology
Dibutyl maleate, the diester of the Maleic Acid, can be used as an intermediate of pharmaceutical synthesis. Dibutyl maleate can enhance contact sensitization to Fluorescein isothiocyanate in mice .

HY-Y0367R

Maleic acid (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial	Infection
Maleic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Maleic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of *E. coli* and *L. monocytogenes. IC₅₀* & Target: GAD . In Vitro: The MICs of WT 10403S for the acids (e.g., Maleic Acid) are 34 mM, 25 mM, 31 mM and 30 mM which correspond to pH values prior to growth of 4.84, 5.14, 5.32 and 5.02 respectively. Of all compounds tested, Maleic Acid is the least inhibitory despite acting at a lower pH (4.84). The most acid resistant (10403S) and the weakest (EGD-e) strain are challenged with 8.6 mM and 4.3 mM of each organic acid at pH 3 and 3.3 respectively. On both strains, Maleic Acid is the most bactericidal .

HY-W392258A

*Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic* anhydride) (MW 1080000)**	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Infection
Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (MW 1080000) can be used to prepare antibacterial hydrogels with good mechanical strength and excellent swelling ability .

HY-W392258

*Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic* anhydride) (MW 216000)**	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Infection
Poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (MW 216000) can be used to prepare antibacterial hydrogels with good mechanical strength and excellent swelling ability .

HY-P10472

Azaline B	GnRH Receptor	Endocrinology
Azaline B is an antagonist for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) with IC₅₀ of 1.37 nM, Azaline B can be used in research of sex hormone-related pathological states, ovulation induction and male contraception .

HY-P5719

Andropin	Bacterial	Infection
Andropin is a male-specific antibacterial peptide that can be found in Drosophila melanogaster .

HY-W014885

Decyl acetate	Sex Pheromone	Endocrinology
Decyl acetate is a synthetic pheromone attracting male false codling moths (Cryptophlebia leucotreta) .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-D0843

N-Ethylmaleimide Maximum Cited Publications 37 Publications Verification NEM	Microorganisms Source Classification	Cathepsin Deubiquitinase Apoptosis
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) derives from maleic acid, it can alkylates free sulfhydryl. N-Ethylmaleimide is an irreversible cysteine protease inhibitor. N-ethylmaleimide specific inhibits phosphate transport in mitochondria. N-Ethylmaleimide inhibits prolyl endopeptidase with an IC₅₀ value of 6.3 μM. N-Ethylmaleimide can be used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides .

HY-Y1311

Malic acid 4 Publications Verification Hydroxybutanedioic acid; E 296	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Malus pumila Mill. Rosaceae Other Diseases Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that occurs naturally in fruits like apples and pears with oral activities. Malic acid plays a role in many sour or tangy foods. Malic acid is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle .

HY-Y0367

Maleic acid 1 Publications Verification	Infection Structural Classification Immune System Disorder Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of *E. coli* and *L. monocytogenes*.

HY-Y1069

(S)-Malic acid 2 Publications Verification (S)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid; (S)-E 296; L-Malic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
(S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.

HY-109517

Calf thymus DNA 5 Publications Verification DNA from calf thymus, Thymonucleic acid	Natural Products Animals Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	DNA/RNA Synthesis
Calf thymus DNA (DNA from calf thymus) is high quality double-stranded template DNA isolated from the thymus of male and female calves. Calf thymus DNA can be used for the research of the interaction between DNA and agents .

HY-D0889

Glycylglycine 1 Publications Verification Gly-Gly; H-Gly-Gly-OH	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Glycylglycine is a non-selective glycylglycine dipeptidase substrate and iNOS inhibitor. Glycylglycine can cross the cell membrane by passive diffusion and is hydrolyzed to glycine in the cell, participating in energy metabolism and antioxidant processes. Glycylglycine promotes spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) proliferation, inhibits astrocyte overactivation and reduces nitric oxide (NO) release, while upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors (such as PDGFA, FGF2, CNTF) to support nerve myelin repair. Glycylglycine can be used to study male reproductive biology (such as SSCs proliferation regulation) and neurodegenerative diseases (such as neuroprotective mechanisms in multiple sclerosis) .

HY-113415A

Testosterone sulfate (pyridinium) 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Drug Metabolite
Testosterone sulfate pyridinium is a Testosterone sulfate with a pyridinium. Testosterone sulfate pyridinium is the metabolite of Testosterone. Testosterone is the main male sex hormone which determination is useful for assessment of androgen status .

HY-20558

D-(+)-Malic acid 1 Publications Verification D-Malic acid	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Malus pumila Mill. Rosaceae Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
D-(+)-Malic acid (D-Malic acid), an active enantiomer of Malic acid, is a competitive inhibitor of L(--)malic acid transport .

HY-W087952

(R)-(-)-2-Butanol	Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Drug Intermediate
(R)-(-)-2-Butanol is the isomer of 2-Butanol, which is found in the females of the white grub beetle, Dasylepida ishigakiensis, to attract males. (R)-(-)-2-Butanol is an intermediate of pharmaceutical synthesis by coupling .

HY-Y1117

Melamine 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Natural Products Zea mays L. Classification of Application Fields Gramineae Other Diseases Plants Disease Research Fields	Environmental Pollutants Drug Metabolite Apoptosis COX NADPH Oxidase NF-κB ROS Kinase TGF-β Receptor
Melamine is an orally active inducer of Apoptosis. Melamine induces animal disease models. Melamine affects the activity of Sertoli cell and can be used for research on male reproductive function. Melamine also has neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Melamine induces cognitive impairment and acute kidney injury models. Melamine can also be used to induce bladder cancer and urinary stone models .

HY-W011848

Monobenzyl phthalate 2-((Benzyloxy)carbonyl)benzoic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Drug Metabolite
Monobenzyl phthalate is a phthalate metabolite (aromatic alkyl chain monophthalate) with oral activity, which acts as a male reproductive development inhibitor and antiandrogen in rat fetuses .

HY-32004

Coumalic acid	Structural Classification Liliaceae Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Parasite Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Receptor (HCAR)
Coumalic acid is an inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) (K_I = 0.073 μM for hCA IX; K_I = 0.083 μM for hCA XII). Coumalic acid is a valuable platform compound which can be prepared from malic acid. Coumalic acid can be used in the flavorings, fragrances and cosmetics industries, as polymer components, and pharmaceutical scaffolds. Coumalic acid displays antibronchial and antimalarial activity .

HY-122485

α-Copaene	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Other Diseases Sindora Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial
α-Copaene is a potent attractant for male Mediterranean fruit flies Ceratitis capitata.α-Copaene can be found as a minor component in the essential oils of various plant species. α-Copaene can inhibit bacterial growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5-1 μL/mL. α-Copaene suppresses biofilm formation by decreasing the hydrophobicity of the cell surface. α-Copaene can be used as an oviposition promoter of Bactrocera oleae .

HY-N8028

Quercetin 3-O-sambubioside 1 Publications Verification	Flavonols Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Eucommiaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer Source Classification	Others
Quercetin-3-O-sambubioside is a monomeric compound found in Eucommia ulmoides male flowers. Quercetin-3-O-sambubioside promotes the stimulation of the nerve center. Antioxidant and anticancer activities .

HY-126114

Lupeol acetate 1 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Umbelliferae Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Carphephorus corymbosus (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray Source Classification	COX Interleukin Related Bacterial Fungal Parasite
Lupeol acetate is a derivative of Lupeol. Lupeol acetate is an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-trypanosomic and anticancer agent with oral activity. Lupeol acetate significantly improves the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis by down-regulating the expression of inflammatory cytokines and osteoclast production. Lupeol acetate inhibits spermatogenesis in male rats and eventually led to infertility .

HY-N7690

3,5,7,3′,4′-Pentamethoxyflavone	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavones Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Zingiberaceae	Calcium Channel
3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone is a Ca ²⁺ channel inhibitor. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can protect DNA from oxidative damage. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can induce relaxation of the human corpus cavernosum through calcium mobilization-related mechanisms. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can promote the expression of eNOS and cystathionine gamma lyase CSE proteins in middle-aged male rats and regulate vascular function. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can be used in research related to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases .

HY-128900

11-cis-Vaccenyl acetate	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Lipid Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
11-cis-Vaccenyl acetate is male-specific lipid that mediates aggregation behavior in both male and female flies, which activates a few dozen olfactory neurons located in T1 sensilla on the antenna of both male and female flies .

HY-N6974

Ascr#2 Ascaroside C6	Infection Natural Products Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Ascr#2 (Ascaroside C6) is an ascaroside isolated from Caenorhabditis elegans, potently promotes dauer formation, and also acts as a potent male attractant combined with Ascr#3 (HY-N6977) at low concentration .

HY-B0708

β-Estradiol 17-acetate 1 Publications Verification 1,3,5(10)-Estratriene-3,17β-diol 17-acetate	Structural Classification Monophenols Animals Classification of Application Fields Phenols Disease Research Fields Endocrinology Steroids Source Classification	Estrogen Receptor/ERR
β-Estradiol 17-acetate (1,3,5(10)-Estratriene-3,17β-diol 17-acetate) is a long-acting endogenous estrogen precursor and also a cell viability and proliferation enhancer. β-Estradiol 17-acetate promotes the adhesion and proliferation of freshly isolated and revived female-derived human brain microvascular endothelial cells, and reverses the decreased viability of revived male-derived human brain microvascular endothelial cells. β-Estradiol 17-acetate exerts the microvascular protective effect of estrogen, enabling non-tumor human brain microvascular endothelial cells to be cultured in vitro for 2 months after cryopreservation. β-Estradiol 17-acetate is biotransformed into β-estradiol via hydrolase action in the in vitro skin of humans, hairless dogs, rats and hairless mice .

HY-N0654

Corypalmine	Infection Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Structural Classification Stephania cepharantha Hayata Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Menispermaceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Drug Isomer
Corypalmine is an alkaloid identified in the dried tubers of Corydalis Decumbens Pers, with an oral bioavailability of 4.6% in mice. Corypalmine exhibits poor gastrointestinal absorption properties, which correlate with its high hydrophilicity and low permeability .

HY-113058

3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid	Microorganisms Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxyoctanoic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the LPS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and in methyl-branched poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) polymers produced by Pseudomonas oleophores. It is an agonist of the orphan receptor GPR109B, increasing intracellular calcium in human neutrophils endogenously expressing GPR109B. 3-Hydroxycaprylic acid prevents lipolysis in human adipocytes and is upregulated in human plasma in response to a ketogenic diet. Plasma levels of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid were also increased 3.41-fold in human male runners exhausted on a treadmill and in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) fed a high-glycemic diet.

HY-N6977

Ascr#3	Infection Natural Products Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Others
Ascr#3 is a type of pheromone found in the beautiful nematode, and when mixed with ascr#2, it can act as a male attractant and also induce the formation of dauer (the dormant larval stage). Ascr#3 can counteract the effects caused by male-enriched Ascr#10 .

HY-125539

Roridin E	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Source Classification	Antibiotic Phosphatase Fungal
Roridin E is a glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) inhibitor and antibiotic, and is a metabolic byproduct of Roridin A (HY-N9599). Roridin E induces significant oxidative stress, characterized by depletion of glutathione in vivo, induction of hepatic lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of renal superoxide dismutase activity. Roridin E reduces blood glucose levels in rats, but exhibits acute toxicity (which is enhanced when co-administered with linoleic acid (HY-N0729)) and causes hepatotoxicity in male albino mice. Roridin E induces a decrease in total blood protein and increases in the levels of total lipids, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and 5'-nucleotidase. Roridin E can be isolated from molds, and possesses cytostatic and antifungal activities similar to those of Verrucarin A (HY-107426) and Roridin A. Roridin E exhibits in vivo activity in rodents and is commonly used in hepatotoxicity-related studies .

HY-113415

Testosterone sulfate	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Drug Metabolite
Testosterone sulfate is a Testosterone sulfate with a pyridinium. Testosterone sulfate is the metabolite of Testosterone. Testosterone is the main male sex hormone which determination is useful for assessment of androgen status .

HY-W014125

Undecanedioic acid 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Undecanedioic acid is an oral activie nndogenous metabolite. Undecanedioic acid is associated with intercellular matrix macromolecules and specifically with elastin .

HY-Y1311R

Malic acid (Standard) Hydroxybutanedioic acid (Standard); E 296 (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Malus pumila Mill. Rosaceae Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Malic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that is naturally found in fruits such as apples and pears. It plays a role in many sour or tart foods.

HY-116047

Anisylacetone p-Methoxybenzylacetone	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Labiatae Artemisia lactiflora Wall. ex DC. Plants Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants
Anisylacetone (p-Methoxybenzylacetone) is a male fruit fly attractant .

HY-12688

Succinyl phosphonate	Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Amyloid-β
Succinyl phosphonate is a α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex (KGDHC) modulator with neuroprotective activity. Succinyl phosphonate protects this complex, reduces cellular succinyl-CoA concentration, downregulates protein succinylation levels, and inhibits the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Succinyl phosphonate corrects hypoxic or ethanol-induced behavioral impairments, modulates exploratory behavior and emotional stress responses, and improves hypoxia tolerance. Succinyl phosphonate reduces glutamate excitotoxicity, restores the activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, reverses the changes in glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities induced by β-amyloid (Amyloid-β), modulates cognitive function, and prevents β-amyloid-induced neuronal damage. Succinyl phosphonate improves microglial senescence, alleviates neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Succinyl phosphonate can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, aging-related neuroinflammation, and Parkinson's disease .

HY-Y1069R

(S)-Malic acid (Standard) 1 Publications Verification (S)-Hydroxybutanedioic acid (Standard); (S)-E 296 (Standard); L-Malic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
(S)-Malic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of (S)-Malic acid (HY-Y1069). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.

HY-117081

C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0)	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Lipid Source Classification	Others
C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0), a sphingolipid, is an epidermis-specifically vital component of the water barrier in mammalian skin. C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0) is expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and male germ cells during their differentiation and maturation. C30(ω-hydroxy) Ceramide (d18:1/30:0) deficiency in the epiderm of Elovl4 deletion or mutation mice .

HY-W613915

(±)-Ipsdienol	Structural Classification Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Sex Pheromone
(±)-Ipsdienol is a sex pheromone with an inducing effect on male spruce beetles (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby), which can be isolated from the subspecies of spruce beetles (Ips tridens Mannerheim) .

HY-N6976

Ascr#8	Infection Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Animals Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Others
Ascr#8 is an dauer-inducing ascaroside isolated from Caenorhabditis elegans, synergizes with ascr#2 and ascr#3, and strongly enhances male attraction .

HY-115684

2-Undecanol Undecan-2-ol	Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ruta graveolens Linn. Rutaceae Other Diseases Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
2-Undecanol (Undecan-2-ol) is a male specific volatile identified from the sap beetle Lobiopa insularis. 2-undecanol is a flower emitted volatile, used by various species of Hymenoptera as a pheromone component .

HY-133823

11-Hexadecenoic acid C16:1 (cis-11/trans-11) Fatty acid	Microorganisms Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
11-Hexadecenoic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid. 11-cis-Hexadecenoic acid and 11-trans-hexadecenoic acid have been found in ewe milk fat, and levels of each increase with dietary lipid supplementation of linseed, sunflower, olive, or fish oils. 11-trans-Hexadecenoic acid has also been found in intramuscular fat samples isolated from male and female foals. This product is a mixture of 11-cis- and 11-trans-hexadecenoic acids.

HY-W004338

1-Methylcyclohexene	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
1-Methylcyclohexene is a male insect sex pheromone .

HY-W780803

(Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienol	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Parasite
(Z,E)-9,12-Tetradecadienol is a synthetic enhancer of male Ephestia cautella attraction .

HY-W009688

Dibutyl maleate	Natural Products Rheum palmatum L. Classification of Application Fields Polygonaceae Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Drug Intermediate
Dibutyl maleate, the diester of the Maleic Acid, can be used as an intermediate of pharmaceutical synthesis. Dibutyl maleate can enhance contact sensitization to Fluorescein isothiocyanate in mice .

HY-W336192

(3E,8Z,11Z)-3,8,11-Tetradecatrienyl acetate	Structural Classification Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
(3E,8Z,11Z)-3,8,11-Tetradecatrienyl acetate is a sex pheromone capable of attracting male South American tomato pinworms (Scrobipalpuloides absoluta), which can be isolated from the tomato pest .

HY-Y0367R

Maleic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Immune System Disorder Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial
Maleic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Maleic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of *E. coli* and *L. monocytogenes. IC₅₀* & Target: GAD . In Vitro: The MICs of WT 10403S for the acids (e.g., Maleic Acid) are 34 mM, 25 mM, 31 mM and 30 mM which correspond to pH values prior to growth of 4.84, 5.14, 5.32 and 5.02 respectively. Of all compounds tested, Maleic Acid is the least inhibitory despite acting at a lower pH (4.84). The most acid resistant (10403S) and the weakest (EGD-e) strain are challenged with 8.6 mM and 4.3 mM of each organic acid at pH 3 and 3.3 respectively. On both strains, Maleic Acid is the most bactericidal .

HY-P5719

Andropin	Animals Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source Classification	Bacterial
Andropin is a male-specific antibacterial peptide that can be found in Drosophila melanogaster .

HY-W014885

Decyl acetate	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Sex Pheromone
Decyl acetate is a synthetic pheromone attracting male false codling moths (Cryptophlebia leucotreta) .

HY-W749562

Gossyplure	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Sex Pheromone
Gossyplure is an insect pheromone used for capturing male pink bollworm moths and corn earworms .

HY-W745644

(Z)-7-Hexadecenal	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Parasite
(Z)-7-Hexadecenal is a sex pheromone that attracts male insects, isolated from female Heliothis virescens moths .

HY-W751152

α,β-Thujone	Terpenoids Artemisia austriaca Jacq. Plants Compositae Source Classification	GABA Receptor
α,β-Thujone is a component of the essential oils of some plants. α,β-Thujone causes cancers in male rats and induces seizures in the highest doses .

HY-W686963

2,3-Dimethyloctane	Structural Classification Natural Products Ginkgoaceae Plants Ginkgo biloba Source Classification	Others
2,3-Dimethyloctane is a aliphatic hydrocarbon compound. 2,3-Dimethyloctane can weakly induce the accumulation of transparent bodies in the renal cortex of male rats .

HY-W322222

Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Sex Pheromone
Ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate is a pheromone that induces an electroshock response in male cold moths (Sensilla Auricillica) and can be isolated from host plants .

HY-N12920

(Z)-3-Dodecenyl acetate Z3-12:Ac	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Others
(Z)-3-Dodecenyl acetate (Z3-12:Ac) is a specific sex pheromone attracting females, isolated from pentane extracts of mature unmated male yellow mealworm beetles .

HY-20558R

D-(+)-Malic acid (Standard) D-Malic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Malus pumila Mill. Rosaceae Plants Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
D-(+)-Malic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-(+)-Malic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-(+)-Malic acid (D-Malic acid), an active enantiomer of Malic acid, is a competitive inhibitor of L(--)malic acid transport .

HY-W040313

2-(Undecyloxy)ethanol	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
2-(Undecyloxy)ethanol is a pheromone that can be produced by the male Monochamus alternatus Hope .

HY-W243653

11-Dodecenyl acetate	Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
11-Dodecenyl acetate is a insect sex pheromone, which is involved in attraction behavior of male moths .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-Y1311S

Malic acid-d3
Malic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Malic acid. Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that is naturally found in fruits such as apples and pears. It plays a role in many sour or tart foods .

HY-Y1069S3

(S)-Malic acid-13C4
(S)-Malic acid- ¹³C₄ is the ¹³C labeled S-Malic acid (HY-Y1069) .

HY-Y1069S

(S)-Malic acid-d3 1 Publications Verification
(S)-Malic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled (S)-Malic acid. (S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive .

HY-Y0367S

Maleic acid-d2
Maleic Acid-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Maleic Acid . Maleic Acid is a Glutamate Decarboxylase (GAD) inhibitor of E. coli and L. monocytogenes .

HY-16985S

Darolutamide-d4

Darolutamide-d₄ (ODM-201-d₄) is deuterium labeled Darolutamide (HY-16985). Darolutamide (ODM-201) is an orally active competitive androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, with a K_i of 11 nM for rat wild-type AR (wtAR) and an IC₅₀ of 26 nM for human wild-type AR (hAR)-mediated transcriptional activation . Darolutamide inhibits testosterone-induced AR nuclear translocation and transcriptional activation . Darolutamide exerts selective effects on AR-positive cells by inhibiting AR-dependent signaling pathways, and its active metabolite retains full antagonistic activity against AR mutants . Darolutamide can be used for the research of prostate cancer, including androgen receptor-dependent prostate cancer .

HY-N6996S

Methyl Eugenol-13C,d3
Methyl Eugenol- ¹³C,d₃ is the ¹³C- and deuterium labeled Methyl Eugenol. Methyl Eugenol, a phenylpropanoid chemical in leaves, fruits, stems, and/or roots, may be released when that corresponding part of a plant is damaged as a result of feeding by an herbivore. Methyl Eugenol is used for male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly .

HY-59354S

Maleic hydrazide-d2
Maleic hydrazide-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Maleic hydrazide . Maleic hydrazide is extensively used as a systemic plant growth regulator and as a herbicide. Maleic hydrazide acts as an inhibitor of the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins .

HY-59354S1

1,2-Dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione-3,4,5,6-13C4
1,2-Dihydropyridazine-3,6-dione-3,4,5,6- ¹³C₄ (1,2-Dihydro-3,6-pyridazine- ¹³C₄-dione) is ¹³C labeled Maleic hydrazide. Maleic hydrazide is extensively used as a systemic plant growth regulator and as a herbicide. Maleic hydrazide acts as an inhibitor of the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins .

HY-B2015S

Carbosulfan-d18

Carbosulfan-d₁₈ is the deuterium labeled Carbosulfan. Carbosulfan is an orally active AChE inhibitor that hydrolyzes to Carbofuran in organisms to exert insecticidal effects. Carbosulfan exhibits broad-spectrum insecticidal activity, and it also induces severe oxidative stress by enhancing lipid peroxidation and impairing the antioxidant defense system. Carbosulfan causes reproductive toxicity in male rats and developmental disorders in their offspring. Carbosulfan shows persistence in paddy field environments and potential hazards to non-target organisms, and it is commonly used in studies related to reproductive toxicity and environmental risk assessment .

HY-116047S

Anisylacetone-d5
Anisylacetone-d₅ (p-Methoxybenzylacetone-d₅) is deuterium labeled Anisylacetone. Anisylacetone (p-Methoxybenzylacetone) is a male fruit fly attractant .

HY-W747213

Diethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylsuccinate-13C
Diethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylsuccinate- ¹³C (MALIC ACID, 3-METHYL-, DIETHYL ESTER- ¹³C) is the ¹³C-labeled Diethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylsuccinate (HY-W502469).

HY-W142432S

Perfluoroundecanoic acid-13C7

Perfluoroundecanoic acid- ¹³C₇ is the ¹³C-labeled Perfluoroundecanoic acid (HY-W142432). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is an orally active oxidative stress inducer. Perfluoroundecanoic acid promotes macrophage M2 polarization, activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhances β-catenin nuclear accumulation. Perfluoroundecanoic acid -induced M2 phenotype macrophage accelerates tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Perfluoroundecanoic acid induces DNA damage, reproductive and pathophysiological dysfunctions via oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Perfluoroundecanoic acid inhibits Leydig cell development in pubertal male rats via inducing oxidative stress and autophagy. Perfluoroundecanoic acid accelerates insulitis development in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Perfluoroundecanoic acid can be used for the study of ovarian cancer, type 1 diabetes and inflammation .

HY-W766130

Ethisterone-13C2

Ethisterone- ¹³C₂ (Pregneninolone- ¹³C₂) is the ¹³C-labeled Ethisterone (HY-B0487). Ethisterone (Pregneninolone; 17α-Ethynyltestosterone) is a synthetic steroidal estrogen, is an orally active steroidal contraceptive agent. Ethisterone has almost no effect on the phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system in male guinea pigs, while in utero exposure can induce abnormalities in the urogenital system of offspring.

HY-19337S1

Ketodarolutamide-d6

Ketodarolutamide-d₆ (BAY 1896953-d₆) is the deuterium labeled Ketodarolutamide (HY-19337). Ketodarolutamide (ORM-15341) is a potent, high-affinity nonsteroidal competitive full antagonist of androgen receptor (AR). Ketodarolutamide displays a K_i value of 8 nM for rat wild-type AR and an IC₅₀ value of 38 nM in AR-HEK293 cells . Ketodarolutamide inhibits testosterone-induced nuclear translocation of the AR and antagonizes both overexpressed and mutant ARs . Ketodarolutamide specifically suppresses the proliferation of AR-dependent prostate cancer cells and exhibits antitumor activity in models of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) . Ketodarolutamide is suitable for the mechanistic and therapeutic research of prostate cancer .

HY-19337S

Ketodarolutamide-d3

Ketodarolutamide-d₃ (BAY 1896953-d₃) is the deuterium labeled Ketodarolutamide (HY-19337). Ketodarolutamide (ORM-15341) is a potent, high-affinity nonsteroidal competitive full antagonist of androgen receptor (AR). Ketodarolutamide displays a K_i value of 8 nM for rat wild-type AR and an IC₅₀ value of 38 nM in AR-HEK293 cells . Ketodarolutamide inhibits testosterone-induced nuclear translocation of the AR and antagonizes both overexpressed and mutant ARs . Ketodarolutamide specifically suppresses the proliferation of AR-dependent prostate cancer cells and exhibits antitumor activity in models of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) . Ketodarolutamide is suitable for the mechanistic and therapeutic research of prostate cancer .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-Y1311G

Malic acid Hydroxybutanedioic acid; E 296	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Malic acid (GMP) is Malic acid (HY-Y1311) in GMP grade. GMP-grade small molecules can be used as auxiliary reagents in cell therapy. Malic acid (Hydroxybutanedioic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid that occurs naturally in fruits like apples and pears with oral activities. Malic acid plays a role in many sour or tangy foods. Malic acid is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle .

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