Menispermaceae

Tetrandrine (NSC-77037; d-Tetrandrine) is a bis-benzyl-isoquinoline alkaloid, which inhibits voltage-gated Ca²⁺ current (ICa) and Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ current.

Cepharanthine is a natural product that can be isolated from the plant Stephania cephalantha Hayata. Cepharanthine has anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) activities. Cepharanthine has good effective in suppressing viral proliferation (half maximal (50%) inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) and 90% inhibitory concentration (IC₉₀) values of 1.90 and 4.46 μM. Cepharanthine can also effectively reverses P-gp-mediated multidrug resistance in K562 cells and increase enhances the sensitivity of anticancer agents in xenograft mice model. Cepharanthine shows inhibitory effects of human liver cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and CYP2C9. Cepharanthine has antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects.

Sinomenine, an alkaloid extracted from Sinomenium acutum, is a blocker of the NF-κB activation. Sinomenine also is an activator of μ-opioid receptor.

Sinomenine hydrochloride (Cucoline hydrochloride), an alkaloid extracted from Sinomenium acutum, is a blocker of the NF-κB activation. Sinomenine also is an activator of μ-opioid receptor.

Fangchinoline is isolated from Stephania tetrandra with extensive biological activities, such as enhancing immunity, anti-inflammatory sterilization and anti-atherosclerosis. Fangchinoline, a novel HIV-1 inhibitor, inhibits HIV-1 replication by impairing gp160 proteolytic processing. Fangchinoline targets Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway in tumor cells which highly expressed FAK. Fangchinoline induces apoptosis and adaptive autophagy in bladder cancer.

Bianfugedine is an alkaloid found in the dried rhizomes of Menispermum dauricum DC.

(±)-Dehydrovomifoliol ((±)-PBI 344) is a norisoprenoid found in the rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum. (±)-Dehydrovomifoliolshows no significant cytotoxic activity against cancer cells.

Dauricine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid in Menispermum dauricum, possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Dauricine inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis by suppressing NF-κB activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner in colon cancer.

Cyclen is a macrocyclic tetraamine chelating agent. Cyclen is the aza analogue of crown ether, used as a precursor for MRI contrast agents, and is an intermediate for the preparation of effective macrocyclic chelates. Cyclen is employed as a structural regulator through interfacial polymerization of polyethleneimine (PEI) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) to develop polyamide NF membrane with efficient Li⁺/Mg²⁺ separation performance. Cyclen has specific cavity structure and exhibits selective coordination properties for Li⁺ ions^[1][2].

Crebanine is an isoquinoline-like alkaloid that can be derived from Stephania. Crebanine is an antagonist of the α7-nAChR with an IC₅₀ of 19.1 μM. Crebanine suppresses the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells, triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and promotes apoptosis. Crebanine inhibits the AKT/FoxO3a, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Crebanine attenuates NOX2 hyperactivation, exhibits antioxidant properties by reducing reactive oxygen species and peroxidation in microglia cells. Crebanine inhibits voltage-dependent Na⁺ current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes. Crebanine has high inhibitory activity against gram-positive animal pathogenic bacteria. Crebanine ameliorates ischemia-reperfusion brain damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats. Crebanine significantly improves Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced cognitive deficits in ICR mice. Crebanine can be used for the study of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cerebral ischemia and Alzheimer's disease.

Corypalmine is an alkaloid identified in the dried tubers of Corydalis Decumbens Pers, with an oral bioavailability of 4.6% in mice. Corypalmine exhibits poor gastrointestinal absorption properties, which correlate with its high hydrophilicity and low permeability.

Roemerine is an alkaloid that has been identified from the leaves of Fibraurea recisa Pierre. Roemerine exhibits antibacterial, anticancer, and antidepressant activities, can reverse the multidrug resistance phenotype in cultured cells, and exerts antibacterial effects by regulating the cAMP signaling pathway. Additionally, Roemerine influences neuronal activity by increasing BDNF protein expression and modulating the serotonergic and glutamatergic systems. Roemerine holds promise for research in the fields of cancer, infections, and neurological diseases.

O-Methyldauricine ((-)-O-Methyldauricine) is an alkaloid with benzylisoquinoline group, which can be separated from P. ophthalmicus. O-Methyldauricine has antibacterial activity.

L-Stepholidine (Stepholidine) is an alkaloid. L-Stepholidine exhibits mixed dopamine D1 receptor agonist and D2 antagonist properties. L-Stepholidine has neuroprotective effect. L-Stepholidine can be used for the researches of neurological disease, such as Parkinson disease, Alzheimer's disease and opiate addiction.

Isotetrandrine is a bioactive component in Stephania tetrandra.

Dicentrine is a natural product isolated from the plant Stephania epigaea Lo with antihypertensive effect. Dicentrine is an α₁-adrenoceptor antagonist which has effective against human hyperplastic prostates.

Cycleanine is a potent vascular selective Calcium antagonist. Cycleanine has analgesic, muscle relaxant and anti-inflammatory activities. Cycleanine has potential for anti-ovarian cancer acting through the apoptosis pathway.

(-)-Coclaurine hydrochloride (compound I) is a class of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids that can be isolated from Sarcopetalum harveyanum. (-)-Coclaurine hydrochloride is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs) antagonist.

Cyclanoline chloride is an alkaloid. Cyclanoline chloride can be isolated from Fangji. Cyclanoline (chloride) inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3, and induces Apoptosis. Cyclanoline chloride suppresses tumor growth in subcutaneous bladder cancer xenograft models of nude mice. Cyclanoline chloride reverses cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer cells and enhances the efficacy of Cisplatin (HY-17394). Cyclanoline chloride can be used for research related to bladder cancer.