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  4. Sodium formate

Sodium formate acts as a key promoter for heterogeneous nucleation of ZIF crystals and thin film synthesis. It is also recognized as a GRAS substance by the FDA, and serves as a cosmetic preservative and food additive. Sodium formate has low acute oral toxicity (acute oral LD50=7410 mg/kg and acute intravenous LD50=807 mg/kg in mice), with no heritable or carcinogenic effects, but exhibits embryonic developmental toxicity and teratogenicity at high concentrations. Sodium formate may cause moderate irritation to rabbit eyes, is relatively safe to the skin, and does not induce tumor formation in rats in vivo. Sodium formate is rapidly absorbed and oxidized to carbon dioxide in vivo, and forms DNA adducts in specific metabolic deficiency models or upon high-dose exposure.

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Sodium formate

Sodium formate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 141-53-7

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Sodium formate Related Antibodies

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Description

Sodium formate acts as a key promoter for heterogeneous nucleation of ZIF crystals and thin film synthesis. It is also recognized as a GRAS substance by the FDA, and serves as a cosmetic preservative and food additive. Sodium formate has low acute oral toxicity (acute oral LD50=7410 mg/kg and acute intravenous LD50=807 mg/kg in mice), with no heritable or carcinogenic effects, but exhibits embryonic developmental toxicity and teratogenicity at high concentrations. Sodium formate may cause moderate irritation to rabbit eyes, is relatively safe to the skin, and does not induce tumor formation in rats in vivo. Sodium formate is rapidly absorbed and oxidized to carbon dioxide in vivo, and forms DNA adducts in specific metabolic deficiency models or upon high-dose exposure[1][2].
In Vitro

Sodium formate (5.9-44.1 mM; 24 h) is embryotoxic and dysmorphogenic in a concentration-dependent manner in cultured CD-1 mouse embryos[2].
Sodium formate (1 mM; 6 h) completely attenuates the inhibitory effect of 5 mM MAA on DNA synthesis in CD-1 mouse embryos cultured in serum-free medium, with no independent effect on DNA synthesis[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Sodium formate Related Antibodies

Cell Viability AssayWestern Blot AnalysisCell Proliferation AssayApoptosis AnalysisCell Cytotoxicity AssayCell Cycle AnalysisRT-PCRCell Autophagy AssayImmunofluorescenceCell Differentiation AssayCell Invasion AssayCell Migration Assay Real Time qPCRELISA Assay[2]

Cell Line: CD-1 Mouse In Vitro Embryos
Concentration: 5.9, 11.8, 23.5, 29.4, 44.1 mM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Exhibited embryotoxic and dysmorphogenic effect in a concentration-dependent manner in cultured CD-1 mouse embryos.
In Vivo

Sodium formate (0.67 mg/L; administered via inhalation; 4 h) does not induce mortality or treatment-related gross pathological changes in Sprague Dawley rats, and its acute inhalation LC50 is higher than 0.67 mg/L[2].
Sodium formate (2,000 mg/kg; applied topically to skin; 24 h) does not cause death, skin reactions or systemic toxicity in Wistar rats, with an acute dermal LD50 greater than 2,000 mg/kg body weight[2].
Sodium formate (2,000 mg/kg; i.p.) induces free radical generation in male Fischer rats, and free radical adducts are detectable in bile and urine[2].
Sodium formate (5-100 mg/kg; i.p.) is rapidly oxidized to CO2 in mice; homozygous NEUT2 mice show reduced oxidative activity only at the low intraperitoneal dose of 5 mg/kg, while at the high intraperitoneal dose of 100 mg/kg, the oxidation rates of normal mice and homozygous NEUT2 mice are identical[2].
Sodium formate (0.1 mL; instilled intraocularly) causes moderate to severe conjunctival irritation and necrosis in New Zealand white rabbits, with all reactions fully resolving by day 17[2].
Topical application of sodium formate (24 h or 14 d) does not cause skin irritation when applied to abraded rabbit skin, nor does it induce local skin irritation or systemic toxicity when applied to the skin of Fischer 344/N rats[2].
Sodium formate (750 mg/kg; p.o.) does not increase the incidence of neural tube defects in fetuses of CD-1 mice at gestational day 8[2].
Sodium formate (59-945 mg/kg/d; daily; p.o.) exerts no maternal toxicity, embryonic toxicity or teratogenic effects in pregnant Wistar rats at gestational days 6-19, with a NOAEL of 945 mg/kg body weight per day[2].
Sodium formate (100-1,000 mg/kg/d; daily; p.o.) causes no maternal or reproductive toxicity in pregnant Himalayan rabbits at gestational days 6-28, with a NOAEL of 1,000 mg/kg/day[2].
[14C] Sodium formate (0.01-100 mg/kg; p.o.) induces dose-dependent formation of DNA and hemoglobin adducts in male Kunming mice. Among these, hepatic DNA adducts reach a peak at 24 h post-administration, while hemoglobin adducts enter a plateau phase between 24 h and 120 h post-administration[2].
Sodium formate (1% in drinking water; 1.5 years) does not induce tumor formation in Wistar rats[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Kunming mice (male; 8-10 mice per group)[2]
Dosage: 0.01 mg/kg; 0.1 mg/kg; 1 mg/kg; 10 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg
Administration: oral; single dose
Result: Observed binding of 14C-formate to DNA and hemoglobin.
Showed both DNA and hemoglobin adduct formation were linearly correlated (r > 0.998) with dose in a log/log plot over the entire dose range.
Found liver DNA adduct formation was slightly higher than kidney DNA adduct formation, and DNA binding was ~100-fold higher than hemoglobin adduct formation.
In time course study, hemoglobin adducts peaked at 2 hours postdosing (~8 adducts/106 amino acid residues), decreased to ~2 adducts/106 amino acid residues by 6 hours, and reached a plateau of ~12 adducts/106 amino acid residues from 24 to 120 hours postdosing.
Found liver DNA adducts increased to ~8 adducts/104 nucleotides at 24 hours postdosing, then decreased to ~3 adducts/104 nucleotides by 72 hours postdosing.
Molecular Weight

68.01

Formula

HCOONa
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to gray

SMILES

O=CO[Na]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (1470.37 mM)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 14.7037 mL 73.5186 mL 147.0372 mL
5 mM 2.9407 mL 14.7037 mL 29.4074 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.7%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (254 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O 1 mM 14.7037 mL 73.5186 mL 147.0372 mL 367.5930 mL
5 mM 2.9407 mL 14.7037 mL 29.4074 mL 73.5186 mL
10 mM 1.4704 mL 7.3519 mL 14.7037 mL 36.7593 mL
15 mM 0.9802 mL 4.9012 mL 9.8025 mL 24.5062 mL
20 mM 0.7352 mL 3.6759 mL 7.3519 mL 18.3796 mL
25 mM 0.5881 mL 2.9407 mL 5.8815 mL 14.7037 mL
30 mM 0.4901 mL 2.4506 mL 4.9012 mL 12.2531 mL
40 mM 0.3676 mL 1.8380 mL 3.6759 mL 9.1898 mL
50 mM 0.2941 mL 1.4704 mL 2.9407 mL 7.3519 mL
60 mM 0.2451 mL 1.2253 mL 2.4506 mL 6.1265 mL
80 mM 0.1838 mL 0.9190 mL 1.8380 mL 4.5949 mL
100 mM 0.1470 mL 0.7352 mL 1.4704 mL 3.6759 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Sodium formate141-53-7DNA/RNA SynthesisEnvironmental PollutantsEnvironmental Contaminantsmale Kunming miceα-alumina supportsZIF-90ZIF-7mouse embryo culturesZIF-8Zn(Im)New Zealand white rabbitsZIF crystalsSIM-1Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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