Nymphaeaceae

Isoliensinine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Isoliensinine induces apoptosis in triple-negative human breast cancer cells.

Armepavine, found in Nelumbo nucifera, is an orally active NF-κB inhibitor. Armepavine attenuates expression of p-p65, α-SMA, p-JNK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-p38α stimulated by TNF-α and LPS. Armepavine suppresses NF-κB nuclear translocation, IκBα phosphorylation, and collagen deposition. Armepavine can be used for the research of hepatic fibrosis and leukemia.

Lirinidine ((+)-Lirinidine) is an alkaloid isolated from the leaves of L. tulipifera and has antioxidant and anticancer activities. Lirinidine exhibits medium ferric reducing power activity and minor radical scavenging activity in vitro. Lirinidine can be used for cosmetic research.

Roemerine is an alkaloid that has been identified from the leaves of Fibraurea recisa Pierre. Roemerine exhibits antibacterial, anticancer, and antidepressant activities, can reverse the multidrug resistance phenotype in cultured cells, and exerts antibacterial effects by regulating the cAMP signaling pathway. Additionally, Roemerine influences neuronal activity by increasing BDNF protein expression and modulating the serotonergic and glutamatergic systems. Roemerine holds promise for research in the fields of cancer, infections, and neurological diseases.

Liensinine Diperchlor​ate is a major isoquinoline alkaloid, extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Liensinine Diperchlor​ate inhibits late-stage autophagy/mitophagy through blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Liensinine Diperchlor​ate has a wide range of biological activities, including anti-arrhythmias, anti-hypertension, anti-pulmonary fibrosis, relaxation on vascular smooth muscle, etc.

N-Nornuciferine is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable CYP2D6 inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 3.76 μM and a K_i of 2.34 μM against human CYP2D6. N-Nornuciferine also acts as a BChE inhibitor, showing an IC₅₀ of 5.6 μM in mice. N-Nornuciferine can be used in the research of neurological-related diseases.

N-Nornuciferine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable CYP2D6 inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 3.76 μM and a K_i of 2.34 μM against human CYP2D6. N-Nornuciferine hydrochloride also acts as a BChE inhibitor, showing an IC₅₀ of 5.6 μM in mice. N-Nornuciferine hydrochloride can be used in the research of neurological-related diseases.

(R)-Lirinidine ((-)-Lirinidine) is an aporphine-type alkaloid found in the flower buds and leaves of Nelumbo nucifera. (R)-Lirinidineand inhibits melanogenesis with an IC₅₀ of 19.3 μM. (R)-Lirinidine exerts cytotoxic effects at 100 μM.

Isostrictiniin (ITN) is a polyphenolic compound isolated from Nymphaea candida. It upregulates the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, while downregulating the expression of Keap1. Isostrictiniin reduces the phosphorylation levels of JNK, ERK1/2, p38, IκBα, and NF-κB p65. Isostrictiniin decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE2). Isostrictiniin alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury and exerts protective effects against acute alcoholic liver injury. Additionally, isostrictiniin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic activities.

Asimilobine is an aporphine isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from plant species of Magnolia obobata Thun. Asimilobine is a dopamine biosynthesis inhibitor and a serotonergic receptor antagonist. Asimilobine shows an antimalarial and anti-cancer activity.

Lotusine hydroxide is an orally active signaling pathway modulator and enzyme inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 30.60 μg/mL against α-amylase and an IC₅₀ of 36.15 μg/mL against α-glucosidase. Lotusine hydroxide inhibits the EGFR-Akt-ERK signaling pathway by reducing the levels of phosphorylated EGFR, Akt and ERK. Lotusine hydroxide induces apoptosis, triggers G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest and inhibits cancer cell proliferation. Lotusine hydroxide reduces lipid peroxidation and increases the activities of SOD, CAT and GPx. Lotusine hydroxide is applicable to researches related to non-small cell lung cancer, type 2 diabetes and autism spectrum disorder.

(R)-1,2-Dihydroxyaporphine (Compound M1) is a metabolite of Nuciferine (HY-N0049) and is easily excreted through urine and feces.

Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl methylester (Kaempferol 3-(6-methylglucuronide)) is a flavonoid. Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl methylester can be isolated from dried Nelumbo nucifera stamens. Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl methylester shows antioxidant activities.

Thalidezine is a novel activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Thalidezine can eliminate anti-apoptotic cancer cells through energy-mediated autophagy death. Thalidezine can be used to study apoptosis intervention .

6''-Acetylhyperin is a natural phenolic compounds that could be found in Nymphaea odorata.

2-Hydroxy-1-Methoxyaporphine is an alkaloid that can be isolated from Nelumbo nucifera. 2-Hydroxy-1-Methoxyaporphine is the major active ingredient of the Chinese traditional medicine Jiang-Zhi-Ning.

7-O-Methylbiochanin A (4',7-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxyisoflavone) is an isoflavone derivative isolated from the roots of Lotus polyphyllos.

Nupharamine ((-)-Nupharamine) is an alkaloid. Nupharamine can be isolated from the root of Nuphar japonicum DC.

Isoliensinine is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Isoliensinine induces apoptosis in triple-negative human breast cancer cells.

Norjuziphine ((-)-Norjuziphine) is an alkaloid found in the lotus flower (Nelumbo nucifera). Norjuziphine inhibits the melanogenesis of murine B16 melanoma 4A5 cells stimulated by Theophylline (HY-B0809) (IC₅₀=14.4 μM). Norjuziphine is promising for research of skin whitening and related skin pigmentation diseases.