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Pathways Recommended:	Stem Cell/Wnt Cell Cycle/DNA Damage

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apoptotic cells

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By Research Areas:	Cancer (379) Cardiovascular Disease (34) Endocrinology (3) Infection (46) Inflammation/Immunology (74) Metabolic Disease (31) Neurological Disease (54)
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Targets Recommended: Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) TREM receptor

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-B0015

Paclitaxel Maximum Cited Publications 354 Publications Verification	Microtubule/Tubulin ADC Payload Apoptosis Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and *apoptotic* cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy .

HY-15605

Encorafenib 40+ Cited Publications LGX818	Raf	Cancer
Encorafenib (LGX818) is a highly potent BRAF inhibitor with selective anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity in cells expressing BRAF ^V600E (EC₅₀=4 nM).

HY-N0595

Genistin 5+ Cited Publications Genistine; Genistoside; Genistein 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside	Estrogen Receptor/ERR Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Genistin (Genistine), an isoflavone belonging to the phytoestrogen family, is a potent anti-adipogenic and anti-lipogenic agent. Genistin attenuates cellular growth and promotes apoptotic cell death breast cancer cells through modulation of ERalpha signaling pathway .

HY-N0848

Epibrassinolide 15+ Cited Publications 24-Epibrassinolide; B1105; BP55	Environmental Pollutants Apoptosis	Cancer
Epibrassinolide (24-Epibrassinolide) is a ubiquitously occurring plant growth hormone which shows great potential to alleviate heavy metals and pesticide stress in plants . Epibrassinolide is a potential apoptotic inducer in various cancer cells without affecting the non-tumor cell growth .

HY-138188

KRA-533 1 Publications Verification	Ras	Cancer
KRA-533 is a potent KRAS agonist. KRA-533 binds to the GTP/GDP binding pocket in the KRAS protein to prevent GTP cleavage, resulting in the accumulation of constitutively active GTP-bound KRAS that triggers both *apoptotic* and autophagic cell death pathways in cancer cells.

HY-W674241

4-Ethylphenyl sulfate	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Cancer
4-Ethylphenyl sulfate is an orally active and brain-penetrant gut microbial metabolite. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate downregulates Bcl2 expression, upregulates Bax expression, and induces cancer cell apoptosis via the endogenous apoptotic pathway. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate impairs oligodendrocyte maturation, reduces oligodendrocyte-neuron interactions, decreases axonal myelination levels, and shifts the oligodendrocyte population toward immature precursor cells. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate alters brain region-specific neural activity and functional connectivity in mice, and correlates with anxiety-like behaviors in mice .

HY-50868

Bafetinib 10+ Cited Publications INNO-406; NS-187	Bcr-Abl Src Apoptosis	Cancer
Bafetinib is an orally active Lyn/Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Bafetinib enhances the activity of several pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homology (BH) 3-pure proteins (Bim, Bad, Bmf, and Bik) through intrinsic apoptotic pathways regulated by the Bcl-2 family, and induces apoptosis of Ph ⁺ leukemia cells. Bafetinib has antitumor activity .

HY-101255

ODQ 10+ Cited Publications	Guanylate Cyclase Apoptosis	Cancer
ODQ is a potent and selective soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC, nitric oxide-activated enzyme) inhibitor. ODQ enhances the pro-apoptotic effects of Cisplatin in human mesothelioma cells .

HY-W013260

2'-O-Methylguanosine	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis	Infection Cancer
2'-O-Methylguanosine is a modified nucleoside produced in tRNAs by the action of tRNA guanosine-2’-O-methyltransferase. 2'-O-Methylguanosine results in apoptotic changes of cells .

HY-N0060B

(E)-Ferulic acid 1 Publications Verification (E)-Coniferic acid	β-catenin Bcl-2 Family Ferroptosis Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
(E)-Ferulic acid is an isomer of ferulic acid, an aromatic compound abundant in plant cell walls. (E)-Ferulic acid causes phosphorylation of β-catenin (β-catenin), leading to proteasome degradation, increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and reducing pro-apoptotic factor Expression of the survival factor survivin. (E)-Ferulic acid can effectively remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit lipid peroxidation. (E)-Ferulic acid exerts antiproliferative and antimigratory effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299.

HY-106014

Tezacitabine	DNA/RNA Synthesis Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Apoptosis	Cancer
Tezacitabine is a cytostatic and cytotoxic antimetabolite and a nucleoside analogue. Tezacitabine irreversibly inhibits the ribonucleotide reductase and interferes with DNA replication and repair. Tezacitabine effectively induces cells *apoptotic*. Tezacitabine has the potential for leukemias and solid tumors (carcinomas) treatment .

HY-126213

1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium 18:1 Lyso-PS	NADPH Oxidase Interleukin Related Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology
Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium (18:1 Lyso-PS) is a modified PS product generated following NADPH oxidase activation and Lyso-PS signal transduction. 1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium signals through macrophage G2A to enhance the phagocytic uptake of PS-dependent apoptotic (apoptosis) neutrophils and PS-exposed activated neutrophils. 1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium enhances macrophage phagocytic uptake of apoptotic cells, carboxylate-modified microspheres, and PS-exposed non-apoptotic activated neutrophils. 1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium serves as an acyl acceptor substrate for the lysophosphatidyltransferase At1g78690p to generate diacylphosphatidylserine. 1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium reduces the secretion of IL-8 and decreases the proportion of viable colon cancer cells. 1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium is applicable to studies on peritonitis and inflammatory bowel disease .

HY-126679

Apoptolidin	ATP Synthase Apoptosis	Cancer
Apoptolidin is a polyketide isolated from Nocardiopsis bacteria . Apoptolidin is a selective mitochondrial F₁F_O ATPase inhibitor. Apoptolidin is an apoptosis inducer and induces apoptotic cell death in cells transformed with the adenovirus type 12 oncogenes including ElA (IC₅₀=10-17 ng/ml) but not in normal cells .

HY-B0862

Pendimethalin	Environmental Pollutants Herbicide Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Caspase SOD Mitochondrial Metabolism	Others
Pendimethalin is an orally active herbicide that controls annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds. Pendimethalin induces *Apoptotic* cell death through activating ER stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells .

HY-101073

Salermide 3 Publications Verification	Sirtuin Apoptosis	Cancer
Salermide is an inhibitor of Sirt1 and Sirt2; can cause strong cancer-specific apoptotic cell death.

HY-101997

BEPP hydrochloride	Orthopoxvirus Apoptosis Caspase Bcl-2 Family Akt	Infection Cancer
BEPP hydrochloride is a double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) modulator. BEPP hydrochloride enhances the phosphorylation levels of PKR and eIF2α, activates caspase-3, upregulates the pro-apoptotic protein BAX, and downregulates the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. BEPP hydrochloride inhibits vaccinia virus replication and exhibits selective cytotoxicity in cells expressing PKR. BEPP hydrochloride can be used in research related to cancer and viral infections .

HY-D0918

YO-PRO-1	Fluorescent Dye	Others
YO-PRO-1 is a non-cell-membrane-penetrating green fluorescent dye. YO-PRO-1 cannot penetrate normal cell membranes but can penetrate the membranes of apoptotic and necrotic cells. YO-PRO-1 has a high affinity for DNA. When it is not bound to DNA, it emits almost no fluorescence, and when it binds to DNA, it can emit green fluorescence (Ex/Em: 488/530±30 nM). YO-PRO-1 is often used together with Propidium Iodide (HY-D0815) to analyze and identify apoptotic and necrotic cells .

HY-119357

TN-16	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis Autophagy	Neurological Disease Cancer
TN-16 is a Microtubule polymerization inhibitor. TN-16 induces G₂/M cell cycle arrest, metaphase mitotic arrest and *Apoptotic* cell death in cells, and blocks late Autophagic flux by inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion. TN-16 suppresses tumor growth in syngeneic mouse breast cancer models. TN-16 can be used in research related to neuroblastoma, cervical cancer, breast cancer and other tumors .

HY-N1778

3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 1 Publications Verification O-Methylferulic acid	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Virus Protease	Infection Cancer
3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylferulic acid) is a monomer extracted and purified from Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid exerts anti-apoptotic effects on L-02 cells via the ROS-mediated signaling pathway . Anti-apoptotic effects .

HY-N6801

Nivalenol	Caspase Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Nivalenol, a trichothecene mycotoxin that can be produced by Fusarium graminearum, is a fungal metabolite present in agricultural product. Nivalenol modulates apoptotic pathway, cell cycle regulation, Bax, ERK, caspase-3, and poly-ADP-ribose synthase activity in macrophages. Nivalenol inhibits ribosomal peptidyltransferase site, protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. Nivalenol induces late-stage apoptotic morphological changes, reduces cellular metabolism, and decreases cell proliferation in erythroleukemia cells. Nivalenol induces lymphocyte apoptosis in murine thymus, spleen, and Peyer's patches. Nivalenol can be used for the research of erythroleukemia .

HY-100887

Piperazine Erastin 5+ Cited Publications	Ferroptosis	Cancer
Piperazine erastin is an analog of erastin which induces an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, termed ferroptosis. Piperazine erastin can be used in cancer research .

HY-N6076

Tenuifoliside A	ERK	Neurological Disease
Tenuifoliside A is isolated from Polygala tenuifolia, has anti-apoptotic and antidepressant-like effects. Tenuifoliside A exhibits its neneurotrophic effects and promotes cell proliferation through the ERK/CREB/BDNF signal pathway in C6 cells .

HY-P10943

APO-15	Fluorescent Dye	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
APO-15 is a phosphatidylserine-binding fluorescent probe and apoptosis imaging reagent. APO-15 exhibits high chemical stability under proteolytic and oxidative conditions, enables quantification and imaging of drug-induced apoptosis in preclinical mouse models, and is applicable to fixed tissue samples and multiple in vivo administration routes (Ex = 488 nm; Em = 525 nm). APO-15 can be used in studies related to acute lung injury and breast cancer .

HY-15241

NVP-LCQ195 LCQ-195; AT9311	CDK	Cancer
NVP-LCQ195 (LCQ-195) is an inhibitor of CDK1/2/3/5/9. NVP-LCQ195 induces cell cycle arrest and eventual apoptotic cell death of multiple myeloma (MM) cells. NVP-LCQ195 triggers decreased amplitude of transcriptional signatures related to oncogenesis, drug resistance and stem cell renewal in MM cell lines .

HY-N8198

Ardisiacrispin B	Apoptosis Ferroptosis	Cancer
Ardisiacrispin B displays cytotoxic effects in multi-factorial agent resistant cancer cells via ferroptotic and apoptotic cell death .

HY-13563

Batabulin T138067	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis	Cancer
Batabulin (T138067) is an antitumor agent, which binds covalently and selectively to a subset of the β-tubulin isotypes, thereby disrupting microtubule polymerization. Batabulin affects cell morphology and leads to cell-cycle arrest ultimately induces *apoptotic* cell death .

HY-114803

Kokusaginine	Cholinesterase (ChE) Apoptosis Microtubule/Tubulin	Neurological Disease Cancer
Kokusaginine is a furoquinoline alkaloids, which exhibits inhibitory efficacy for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC₅₀ of 28.2 μM. Kokusaginine exhibits anti-proliferative and apoptotic inducing effects in MCF-7/ADR cells .

HY-108695

Enterodiol	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Enterodiol is transformed by human intestinal bacteria from lignans contained in various whole-grain cereals, nuts, legumes, flaxseed, and vegetables. Enterodiol has an *apoptotic* effect in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Anti-cancer activities .

HY-N7695

Physalin B	Apoptosis Autophagy	Cancer
Physalin B, one of the major active steroidal constituents of Cape gooseberry, induces cell cycle arrest and triggers apoptosis in breast cancer cells through modulating p53-dependent apoptotic pathway. Physalin B inhibits the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and induces incomplete autophagic response in human colon cancer cells in vitro .

HY-N3062

Pinobanksin 3,5,7-Trihydroxyflavanone	Apoptosis	Others
Pinobanksin has apoptotic induction in a B-cell lymphoma cell line .

HY-129751

Nitrovin hydrochloride Difurazon hydrochloride	Bacterial TrxR Apoptosis	Infection Cancer
Nitrovin hydrochloride is an antibacterial growth promoter. Nitrovin hydrochloride induces ROS-mediated non-apoptotic and apoptotic-like cell death by targeting TrxR1. Nitrovin hydrochloride has anticancer activity, with IC₅₀ values of 1.31-6.60 μM for tumor and normal cells .

HY-N1778A

(E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 1 Publications Verification (E)-O-Methylferulic acid	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Virus Protease	Infection Cancer
(E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is the less active isomer of 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid exerts anti-apoptotic effects on L-02 cells via the ROS-mediated signaling pathway . Anti-apoptotic effects .

HY-13563A

Batabulin sodium T138067 sodium	Microtubule/Tubulin Apoptosis	Cancer
Batabulin sodium (T138067 sodium) is an antitumor agent, which binds covalently and selectively to a subset of the β-tubulin isotypes, thereby disrupting microtubule polymerization. Batabulin sodium affects cell morphology and leads to cell-cycle arrest ultimately induces *apoptotic* cell death .

HY-114410

CCI-006	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
CCI-006 is a selective inhibitor and chemosensitizer of MLL-rearranged leukemia cells, by inhibits mitochondrial respiration resulting in insurmountable mitochondrial depolarization and a pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR) in a subset of MLL-r leukemia cells .

HY-125305

Z-AEVD-FMK	Caspase Apoptosis	Cancer
Z-AEVD-FMK is a caspase-10 inhibitor. Z-AEVD-FMK can inhibit the activation of Bid and the release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in mitochondria in cells, resulting in a significant decrease in the number of apoptotic cells .

HY-139381

MitoEbselen-2 chloride MitoPeroxidase 2	Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease
MitoEbselen-2 chloride (MitoPeroxidase 2), a mitochondria-targeted mimic of glutathione peroxidase, is a radiation mitigator. MitoEbselen-2 chloride is effective in reducing lipid hydroperoxides, preventing apoptotic cell death .

HY-115406A

CPTH6 hydrobromide	Apoptosis	Cancer
CPTH6 hydrobromide is a thiazole derivative which activates apoptotic program and increases autophagic features in human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines. CPTH6 can be used for cancer research .

HY-129746

Arylquin 1	Apoptosis	Cancer
Arylquin 1, a prostate-apoptosis-response-4 (Par-4) secretagogue, targets vimentin to induce Par-4 secretion. Arylquin 1 induces non-apoptotic cell death in cancer cells through the induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) .

HY-113963

Ac-IETD-CHO	Apoptosis	Cancer
Ac- IETD- CHO is a potent, reversible inhibitor of granzyme B and caspase-8. Ac- IETD- CHO inhibits Fas-mediated apoptotic cell death, hemorrhage, and liver failure. Ac- IETD- CHO also inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced cell death .

HY-N5106

(E)-Flavokawain A 2 Publications Verification	Apoptosis	Cancer
(E)-Flavokawain A, a chalcone extracted from Kava, has anticarcinogenic effect. (E)-Flavokawain A induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells by involvement of bax protein-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway and suppresses tumor growth in mice .

HY-P990820

Anti-Mouse TIM-4 Antibody (RMT4-53)	Transmembrane Glycoprotein	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Anti-Mouse TIM-4 Antibody (RMT4-53) is a rat-derived IgG2b κ type antibody inhibitor, targeting to mouse TIM-4. Anti-Mouse TIM-4 Antibody (RMT4-53) can block T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 4 (TIM-4). Anti-Mouse TIM-4 Antibody (RMT4-53) can inhibit the engulfment of apoptotic cells and T cell proliferation. Anti-Mouse TIM-4 Antibody (RMT4-53) can be used for the researches of cancer, immunology and metabolic disease, such as MC38 tumor and graft .

HY-175020

QNX-10	Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family	Cancer
QNX-10 is a fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 0.7 μM) with anticancer activity. QNX-10 exhibits potent FASN inhibition and cytotoxicity against colorectal and breast cancer cells. QNX-10 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in S phase by upregulating the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and downregulating the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL. QNX-10 can be used to investigate anticancer therapies targeting FASN enzymes .

HY-76573

ML-10	Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
ML-10 is a small molecule apoptosis probe. Due to the presence of fluorine atoms, ML-10 can be radiolabeled with ¹⁸F isotopes and can be used for apoptosis positron emission tomography imaging studies. ML-10 is selectively taken up and accumulated in apoptotic cells, while being excluded from live or necrotic cells. In addition, the uptake of ML-10 is associated with apoptotic features such as caspase activation, Annexin-V binding, and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential .

HY-N6801S

Nivalenol-13C15	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Caspase Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Nivalenol- ¹³C₁₅ is the ¹³C labeled Nivalenol (HY-N6801) . Nivalenol, a trichothecene mycotoxin that can be produced by Fusarium graminearum, is a fungal metabolite present in agricultural product. Nivalenol modulates apoptotic pathway, cell cycle regulation, Bax, ERK, caspase-3, and poly-ADP-ribose synthase activity in macrophages. Nivalenol inhibits ribosomal peptidyltransferase site, protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. Nivalenol induces late-stage apoptotic morphological changes, reduces cellular metabolism, and decreases cell proliferation in erythroleukemia cells. Nivalenol induces lymphocyte apoptosis in murine thymus, spleen, and Peyer's patches. Nivalenol can be used for the research of erythroleukemia.

HY-124414

4'-Hydroxytamoxifen	Estrogen Receptor/ERR Drug Metabolite	Cancer
4'-Hydroxytamoxifen is a metabolite of Tamoxifen. 4'-Hydroxytamoxifen shows higher affinity for the ER than Tamoxifen. 4'-Hydroxytamoxifen induces a non-apoptotic cytotoxic effect in human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells .

HY-117359

UCD38B hydrochloride	PAI-1 Apoptosis	Cancer
UCD38B hydrochloride is a cell permeant, competitive enzymatic uPA inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 7 μM. UCD38B hydrochloride targets intracellular uPA causing mistrafficking of uPA into perinuclear mitochondria, reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential, and followed by the release of apoptotic inducible factor (AIF). UCD38B hydrochloride induces apoptosis .

HY-113091

DL-α-Tocotrienol	Apoptosis	Neurological Disease
Alpha-Tocotrienol is a vitamin E analog with anti-apoptotic neuroprotective action and antioxidant properties. Alpha-Tocotrienol prevents oxidative stress-independent apoptotic cell death, DNA cleavage, and nuclear morphological changes .

HY-W750678

9-cis-Canthaxanthin	Apoptosis Caspase	Inflammation/Immunology
9-cis-Canthaxanthin is a carotenoid with pro-apoptotic activity in THP-1 macrophage cells. 9-cis-Canthaxanthin induces cell apoptosis by increasing caspase-3 and caspase-8 activity .

HY-122534

Mensacarcin	Mitochondrial Metabolism ADC Payload Apoptosis	Cancer
Mensacarcin, a highly complex polyketide, strongly inhibits cell growth universally in cancer cell lines and potently induces apoptosis in melanoma cells. Mensacarcin targets to mitochondria, affects energy metabolism in mitochondria, and activates caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways. Mensacarcin, an antibiotic, can be used as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) .

HY-176836

PNR-3-82	Endonuclease	Cancer
PNR-3-82 is a selective Apoptotic endonuclease G (EndoG) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.61  μM for EndoG over DNase I. PNR-3-82 does not inhibit five cell death-related enzymes including DNase II, RNase A, proteinase, lactate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase 1. PNR-3-82 has a cytoprotective activity and blocks Cisplatin (HY-17394) and Docetaxel (HY-B0011)-induced cell death. PNR-3-82 can be used for cell injuries research .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-B0015

Paclitaxel Maximum Cited Publications 354 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Taxaceae Diterpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd. Cancer	Microtubule/Tubulin ADC Payload Apoptosis Autophagy
Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and *apoptotic* cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy .

HY-N0784

Ginkgolide B 10+ Cited Publications BN-52021	Ginkgoaceae Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Diterpenoids Plants Endogenous metabolite Ginkgo biloba Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Platelet-activating Factor Receptor (PAFR) Apoptosis
Ginkgolide B (BN-52021), a terpene lactone, is a potent platelet activating factor antagonist. Ginkgolide B protects endothelial cells via the activation of PXR from injuries induced by xeno- and endobiotics. Ginkgolide B can pass through the brain-blood barrier. Ginkgolide B has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-apoptotic activity. Ginkgolide B has marked neuroprotective effects against ischemia-induced impairments .

HY-N0058

4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid 10+ Cited Publications Isochlorogenic acid C	Infection Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Polyphenols Bowdichia virgilioides Plants Compositae Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	HBV Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Glycosidase
4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Isochlorogenic acid C) is an antioxidant, can be isolated from Gynura divaricata and Laggera alata. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid reduces islet cell apoptosis and improves pancreatic function in type 2 diabetic mice, and has obvious inhibitory activities against yeast α-glucosidase. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid inhibits prostate cancer cells through cell cycle arrest. 4,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid also has anti-apoptotic, anti-injury and anti-hepatitis B virus effects .

HY-N2360

Hinokiflavone 5+ Cited Publications	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Selaginellaceae Plants Biflavones Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Apoptosis MMP ClpP
Hinokiflavone is a novel modulator of pre-mRNA splicing activity extracted from plants with anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antiviral activities. Hinokiflavone is also a potent inhibitor for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Hinokiflavone attenuates the virulence of Methicillin (HY-121544)-resistant staphylococcus aureus by inhibiting caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) with an IC₅₀ value of 34.36 mg/mL. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis via the reactive oxygen species-mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway and inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion. Hinokiflavone is a SUMO protease inhibitor against sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) activity .

HY-N6871

Abietic acid 3 Publications Verification	Infection Colophony Classification of Application Fields Pinaceae Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Bacterial IKK Ferroptosis
Abietic acid, an orally active diterpene isolated from Colophony, displays significant anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity effect, bacteriostatic, cell cycle arresting and pro-apoptotic activities. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy. Abietic acid enhances cell migration and tube formation in HUVECs. Abietic acid induces significant angiogenic potential, which is associated with upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 expression. Abietic acid attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Abietic acid exhibits a positive effect against liver injury by attenuating inflammation and ferroptosis. Abietic acid shows accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of cutaneous wounds. Abietic acid significantly reduces the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells by IKKβ inhibition.Additionally, Abietic acid ameliorates psoriasis-like inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in mice. Abietic acid is promising for research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), liver injury-related deseases and psoriasis .

HY-N0595

Genistin 5+ Cited Publications Genistine; Genistoside; Genistein 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Glycine max (L.) merr Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Source Classification	Estrogen Receptor/ERR Apoptosis
Genistin (Genistine), an isoflavone belonging to the phytoestrogen family, is a potent anti-adipogenic and anti-lipogenic agent. Genistin attenuates cellular growth and promotes apoptotic cell death breast cancer cells through modulation of ERalpha signaling pathway .

HY-N0848

Epibrassinolide 15+ Cited Publications 24-Epibrassinolide; B1105; BP55	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Plants Biological Pesticide Research Agricultural Research Brassinolide Phytohormone Brassicaceae Brassica campestris L. Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Environmental Pollutants Apoptosis
Epibrassinolide (24-Epibrassinolide) is a ubiquitously occurring plant growth hormone which shows great potential to alleviate heavy metals and pesticide stress in plants . Epibrassinolide is a potential apoptotic inducer in various cancer cells without affecting the non-tumor cell growth .

HY-P2853

Hemocyanin	Structural Classification Natural Products Animals Source Classification	p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Bacterial Fungal
Hemocyanin is an extracellular giant copper-containing glycoprotein. Hemocyanin can be found in the hemolymph of both mollusk and arthropod. Hemocyanin is responsible for oxygen transport. Hemocyanin is also involved in several physiological processes, such as energy storage, osmoregulation, molt cycle and exoskeleton formation. Hemocyanin in shrimp can enhance its immune response by modulating the p38 MAPK pathway. Hemocyanin from Penaeus monodon could act as an antiviral agent against a variety of viruses including DNA and RNA viruses. Hemocyanin from horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda could possess a strong antimicrobial defense by the production of ROS activated with microbial proteases. Hemocyanin from L. vannamei would be effective against cervical cancer cell growth .

HY-B0015R

Paclitaxel (Standard)	Structural Classification Terpenoids Taxaceae Diterpenoids Plants Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd.	Reference Standards Microtubule/Tubulin ADC Payload Apoptosis Autophagy
Paclitaxel (Standard) is the analytical standard of Paclitaxel. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy .

HY-17473

Embelin 5+ Cited Publications Embelic acid; Emberine; NSC 91874	Quinones Classification of Application Fields Benzene Quinones Embelia laeta (Linn.) Mez Plants Myrsinaceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	IAP NF-κB Apoptosis Autophagy
Embelin (Embelic acid), a potent, nonpeptidic XIAP inhibitor (IC₅₀=4.1 μM), inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and activates caspase-9 in prostate cancer cells with high levels of XIAP. Embelin blocks NF-kappaB signaling pathway leading to suppression of NF-kappaB-regulated antiapoptotic and metastatic gene products. Embelin also induces autophagic and apoptotic cell death in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells .

HY-125527

Resolvin D1 1 Publications Verification RvD1	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation, is derived from omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid during the resolution phase of acute inflammation. Resolvin D1 blocks proinflammatory neutrophil migration by regulating actin polymerization, reduces TNF-α–mediated inflammation in macrophages, and enhances phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages .

HY-A0183

Phosphatidylserine 1 Publications Verification Phospholipids, phosphatidylserines; Serine glycerophosphatides	Animals Source Classification	Akt TGF-β Receptor
Phosphatidylserine (Phospholipids) is a well-conserved anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive signal. Phosphatidylserine is involved in membrane translocation and the activation of protein kinase C, participating in Akt signaling through its interaction with PIP3. The local exposure of Phosphatidylserine can interact with complement and other proteins, promoting microglial phagocytosis during critical periods of synaptic refinement. Phosphatidylserine can promote blood coagulation in the extracellular environment and acts as a "eat me" signal to clear out apoptotic cells. Phosphatidylserine can suppress inflammation in tissues by inducing TGF-β secretion and inhibiting immune responses .

HY-W040129

Chromomycin A3 1 Publications Verification	Microorganisms Source Classification	DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Caspase
Chromomycin A3 is an inhibitor that selectively binds to GC-rich DNA sequences. Chromomycin A3 targets the DNA minor groove after forming a dimer with Mg ²⁺. Chromomycin A3 inhibits DNA replication and transcription, blocks the binding of Sp1 transcription factor to target gene promoters, downregulates the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as FLIP, Mcl-1, and XIAP, and induces S-phase cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis in tumor cells. Chromomycin A3 can antagonize oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion and neuronal apoptosis induced by Camptothecin (HY-15660). Chromomycin A3 can be used in basic research on malignant tumors such as cholangiocarcinoma, and is a potential chemosensitizer and GC-rich region probe .

HY-B1302

Quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate 20+ Cited Publications	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Rubiaceae Cinchona calisaya Wedd. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	P-glycoprotein PARP Caspase Apoptosis Potassium Channel
Quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active antiarrhythmic agent. Quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate reduces the expression level of P-gp, inhibits P-gp-mediated efflux, increases the intracellular accumulation of P-gp substrates, induces PARP cleavage and Caspase-3 activation, and elevates the proportion of *Apoptotic* cells at the sub-G1 phase. Quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate exerts sustained block and open-channel block effects on I_K(f). Quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate alters the urinary metabolic ratio of Amphetamine, modulates the Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure threshold, and regulates the anticonvulsant effect of Dextromethorphan. Quinidine hydrochloride monohydrate can be used in studies related to uterine sarcoma and seizures .

HY-N0763

Angelicin 10+ Cited Publications Isopsoralen	Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Coumarins Phenylpropanoids Psoralea corylifolia L. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Virus Protease NF-κB p38 MAPK JNK Caspase
Angelicin is a furanocoumarin compound that functions as an inhibitor of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor activities. It suppresses the lytic replication of γ-herpesviruses, such as MHV-68, early during viral infection, potentially inhibiting RTA gene expression (IC₅₀=28.95 μM). Angelicin also mitigates inflammation by inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and the phosphorylation of p38 and JNK. Furthermore, it induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by downregulating anti-apoptotic proteins like Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, while activating caspase-9 and caspase-3.

HY-N0060B

(E)-Ferulic acid 1 Publications Verification (E)-Coniferic acid	Classification of Application Fields Plants Endogenous metabolite Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Monophenols Microorganisms other families Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Phenylpropanoids Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	β-catenin Bcl-2 Family Ferroptosis Endogenous Metabolite
(E)-Ferulic acid is an isomer of ferulic acid, an aromatic compound abundant in plant cell walls. (E)-Ferulic acid causes phosphorylation of β-catenin (β-catenin), leading to proteasome degradation, increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and reducing pro-apoptotic factor Expression of the survival factor survivin. (E)-Ferulic acid can effectively remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibit lipid peroxidation. (E)-Ferulic acid exerts antiproliferative and antimigratory effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299.

HY-N7072

Grape seed extract 2 Publications Verification	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Vitis vinifera cv. Zalema Metabolic Disease Plants Vitaceae Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology Source Classification	Apoptosis
Grape seed extract is a natural product, with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Grape seed extract shows inhibitory activity on the fat-metabolizing enzymes pancreatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase. Grape seed extract induces *apoptotic* in human colorectal cancer cells .

HY-N2420

Flavokawain A 2 Publications Verification	Chalcones Monophenols Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Histone Methyltransferase Cytochrome P450 Caspase Survivin IAP p38 MAPK PI3K NO Synthase COX JNK ERK Akt
Flavokawain A is a chalcone compound and an orally active inhibitor of PRMT5 and cytochrome P450. Flavokawain A has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Flavokawain A can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and induce apoptosis. Flavokawain A can be used in the research of diseases such as bladder cancer .

HY-108052

Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride 1 Publications Verification Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside chloride; Delphinidin 3-O-β-glucoside chloride	Malvaceae Anthocyans Flavonoids Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	EGFR Apoptosis Akt
Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride (Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside chloride) is an active anthocyanin found in Hibiscus sabdariffa extract. Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride induces a pro-apoptotic effect in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B CLL) . Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride exerts phytoestrogen activity by binding to ERβ, with an IC₅₀ of 9.7 μM . Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside chloride inhibits EGFR with an IC₅₀ of 2.37 µM . Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride exhibits antitumor effects through pAKT/IRF1/HOTAIR pathway. Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride exhibits efficacy against oxidative stress, inhibits platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction .

HY-126679

Apoptolidin	Natural Products Microorganisms Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	ATP Synthase Apoptosis
Apoptolidin is a polyketide isolated from Nocardiopsis bacteria . Apoptolidin is a selective mitochondrial F₁F_O ATPase inhibitor. Apoptolidin is an apoptosis inducer and induces apoptotic cell death in cells transformed with the adenovirus type 12 oncogenes including ElA (IC₅₀=10-17 ng/ml) but not in normal cells .

HY-N11908

α-Santalol cis-α-Santalol	Structural Classification Santalum album Linn. Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Plants Source Classification Santalaceae	Akt Survivin Apoptosis Caspase PARP
α-Santalol (cis-α-Santalol), a naturally occurring sesquiterpene, is an orally active anticancer agent and apoptosis inducer. α-Santalol activates caspase-3 to drive apoptotic processes. >α-Santalol induces apoptosis, decreases cell viability, and causes PARP cleavage in human prostate cancer cells. α-santalol inhibits Akt/Survivin pathway to induce cell death. α-Santalol can be used for the research of prostate cancer and diabetes mellitus .

HY-N0213

Peiminine 5+ Cited Publications Verticinone; Raddeanine	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. Liliaceae Classification of Application Fields Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Autophagy Caspase Bcl-2 Family PARP p38 MAPK ERK NF-κB Apoptosis
Peiminine is a compound that can be isolated from Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae family). Peiminine can induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Peiminine has anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-osteoporosis, cardioprotective and other activities in many animal models .

HY-N2587

Irigenin	Flavonoids Iridaceae Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Belamcanda chinensis (Linn.) Redouté Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Source Classification Cancer	Integrin Apoptosis
Irigenin is a is a lead compound, and mediates its anti-metastatic effect by specifically and selectively blocking α9β1 and α4β1 integrins binding sites on C-C loop of Extra Domain A (EDA). Irigenin shows anti-cancer properties. It sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via enhancing pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells .

HY-N0757

8-O-Acetylharpagide 1 Publications Verification	Infection Structural Classification other families Iridoids Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Akt Bcl-2 Family Apoptosis Adrenergic Receptor
8-O-Acetylharpagide is an orally active iridoid glycoside compound. 8-O-Acetylharpagide exhibits anti-aging activity at low doses and anticancer activity at high doses. 8-O-Acetylharpagide induces late-stage apoptosis and necrosis-like death in cancer cells, and downregulates anti-apoptotic proteins such as Akt, p-Akt and Bcl-2. 8-O-Acetylharpagide is mainly metabolized in rats via demethylation, hydrolysis and glucuronidation, and its active metabolites downregulate the AKT/NF-κB/MMP9 signaling axis. 8-O-Acetylharpagide exerts vasoconstrictive effects by activating vascular α-adrenoceptor .

HY-N7259

(+)-Isomenthone	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Pelargonium hortorum Plants Geraniaceae Source Classification	JNK p38 MAPK Apoptosis
(+)-Isomenthone is an enantiomer form of Menthone (HY-N2381). (+)-Isomenthone blocks TNF-α-triggered activation of the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways.(+)-Isomenthone inhibits TNF-α-mediated reductions in cell viability, increases in apoptosis, and downstream apoptotic events linked to pathway activation.(+)-Isomenthone protects human dermal fibroblasts against TNF-α-induced cell death under serum-deprived conditions .

HY-Y1366

Hydroxyacetone	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Arp2/3 Complex Apoptosis
Hydroxyacetone is a toxic compound. Hydroxyacetone can be isolated from e-cigarette aerosols. Hydroxyacetone reduces the activity of cellular Mitochondrial reductase (with an IC₅₀ of 5.53 mg/mL for mitochondrial reductase in BEAS-2B cells) and increases ROS levels. Hydroxyacetone induces mitochondrial stress and oxidative damage. Hydroxyacetone induces destabilization of F-actin. At high concentrations, Hydroxyacetone promotes cell rounding and *Apoptotic* body formation. Hydroxyacetone exerts toxic effects on cells including airway epithelial cells and possesses respiratory toxicity potential .\n

HY-N1983

Caudatin 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Asclepiadaceae Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid． Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism PARP Caspase Bcl-2 Family VEGFR FAK WDR5 p38 MAPK JNK PPAR
Caudatin is an orally active and brain-penetrant C-21 steroidal found in Cynanchum bungei decne with a variety of biological activities. Caudatin can inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cause cell phase arrest, induce apoptosis, autophagy, ROS prodution and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Caudatin activates PARP, caspase-3, -7, -9, upregulates pro-apoptotic Bad and Bax and downregulates anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. Caudatin suppresses VEGF, FAK phosphorylation, upregulates p21, p27, DR5 protein expression, activates the p38 MAPK, JNK and PPARα/TFEB-mediated autophagy-lysosomal signaling pathways. Caudatin can be used for the research of cancer, inflammation and neurological disease, such as glioma and Alzheimer's disease .

HY-15130

DL-O-Phosphoserine	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
DL-O-Phosphoserine is a normal metabolite in human biofluids and is a mixture of phosphoserine with two stereochemical structures (D-type and L-type O-phospho-serine). O-phospho-L-serine is a competitive inhibitor of serine racemase and phagocytosis. O-phospho-L-serine inhibits the enzymatic reaction by competing with the active site of serine racemase, thereby affecting the production of D-serine. O-phospho-L-serine also mimics the phosphatidylserine head group, binds to the phosphatidylserine receptor, interferes with phagocytic signal transduction, and partially blocks the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by cells. O-phospho-L-serin can be used in the research of retinal regeneration, bone repair, and insect growth and development .

HY-34350

2-(Aminomethyl)phenol 2-Hydroxybenzylamine; o-Hydroxybenzylamine; 2-HOBA	Cardiovascular Disease Monophenols Reseda odorata L. Oleaceae Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
2-(Aminomethyl)phenol (2-Hydroxybenzylamine) is a selective dicarbonyl scavenger. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol is an antioxidant and scavanger of free radicals and isolevuglandins (IsoLGs). 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can prevent early recurrence of atrial fibrillation. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can reduce inflammation and plaque apoptotic cells and promote efferocytosis and features of stable plaques. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can reduce malondialdehyde (MDA)-LDL and MDA-HDL levels in Ldlr ^-/- mouse model. 2-(Aminomethyl)phenol can be studied in the research of inflammation and cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, early recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and arrhythmias .

HY-N2445

Flavokawain C 4 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Piperaceae Plants Chalcones Flavonoids other families Phenols Polyphenols Piper methysticum G.Forst. Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Akt JNK PERK Caspase PARP MDM-2/p53 IAP Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) SOD FABP Autophagy AMPK mTOR GLUT EGFR PI3K HSP VEGFR FAK
Flavokawain C is an orally active natural chalcone. Flavokawain C inhibits the proliferation of various cancer cells. Flavokawain C upregulates GADD153 in cancer cells, inhibits the phosphorylation of Akt and JNK, suppresses early ERK phosphorylation, activates late ERK phosphorylation, activates caspase related subtypes, induces PARP-1 cleavage, causes upregulation of p21 and p27, downregulation of mutant p53 and anti-apoptotic IAP proteins, elevates intracellular ROS levels, reduces SOD activity, and induces apoptosis. Flavokawain C downregulates FABP4, induces autophagy in cancer cells, and activates the AMPK/mTOR pathway . Flavokawain C decreases the expression of glycolysis-related proteins GLUT1 and HK2, and inhibits glycolysis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Flavokawain C inhibits the activation of the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and reduces the expression of HSP90B1. Flavokawain C inhibits angiogenesis by decreasing the expression of angiogenic proteins Ang-1 and VEGF in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Flavokawain C increases γ-H2AX levels in cells, inhibits the phosphorylation of FAK, PI3K and AKT in cells, and induces DNA damage in cells. Flavokawain C exerts anti-tumor activity in multiple tumor xenograft mouse models. Flavokawain C is applicable to research related to colorectal cancer, colon adenocarcinoma, nephroblastoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and liver cancer .

HY-N1778

3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 1 Publications Verification O-Methylferulic acid	Infection Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Polygalaceae Phenylpropanoids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Virus Protease
3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylferulic acid) is a monomer extracted and purified from Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid exerts anti-apoptotic effects on L-02 cells via the ROS-mediated signaling pathway . Anti-apoptotic effects .

HY-N6801

Nivalenol	Infection Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Caspase Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family
Nivalenol, a trichothecene mycotoxin that can be produced by Fusarium graminearum, is a fungal metabolite present in agricultural product. Nivalenol modulates apoptotic pathway, cell cycle regulation, Bax, ERK, caspase-3, and poly-ADP-ribose synthase activity in macrophages. Nivalenol inhibits ribosomal peptidyltransferase site, protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. Nivalenol induces late-stage apoptotic morphological changes, reduces cellular metabolism, and decreases cell proliferation in erythroleukemia cells. Nivalenol induces lymphocyte apoptosis in murine thymus, spleen, and Peyer's patches. Nivalenol can be used for the research of erythroleukemia .

HY-N6076

Tenuifoliside A	Structural Classification Simple Phenylpropanols Polygalaceae Phenylpropanoids Plants Polygala tenuifolia Willd. Source Classification	ERK
Tenuifoliside A is isolated from Polygala tenuifolia, has anti-apoptotic and antidepressant-like effects. Tenuifoliside A exhibits its neneurotrophic effects and promotes cell proliferation through the ERK/CREB/BDNF signal pathway in C6 cells .

HY-113314

AFMK	Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
AFMK, antioxidant metabolite of Melatonin, attenuates X-ray-induced oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids in mice. AFMK is a poorer scavenger. The pK_a of AFMK at physiological pH is 8.7. Antioxidant capacity . AFMK improves the anti-tumor effect of Gemcitabine in PANC-1 cells through the modulation of apoptotic pathway .

HY-N4180

Pennogenin 3-O-beta-chacotrioside 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Liliaceae Classification of Application Fields Paris polyphylla Smith Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	Autophagy Atg8/LC3 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis
Pennogenin 3-O-beta-chacotrioside is an autophagy (autophagy) inducer. Pennogenin 3-O-beta-chacotrioside exhibits strong binding affinity for the pro-apoptotic proteins CYTC, AIF1 and BAX. Pennogenin 3-O-beta-chacotrioside triggers reactive oxygen species-induced autophagy in cancer cells. Pennogenin 3-O-beta-chacotrioside can be used in studies related to colorectal cancer .

HY-N2902

Artocarpin	Structural Classification Flavonols Flavonoids Plants Moraceae Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Artocarpin is an orally active apoptosis inducer. Artocarpin targets NF-κB, Erk1/2, p38 MAPK, AktS473, p53, Akt 1 kinase and Akt 2 kinase. Artocarpin induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mediates p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptotic signaling pathways, induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest, and triggers autophagic cell death. Artocarpin exerts cytotoxic and bactericidal effects on cancer cells, reduces bacterial load, and exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-angiogenic activities .

HY-N8198

Ardisiacrispin B	Triterpenes Ardisia crenata Sims Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Myrsinaceae Disease Research Fields Cancer Source Classification	Apoptosis Ferroptosis
Ardisiacrispin B displays cytotoxic effects in multi-factorial agent resistant cancer cells via ferroptotic and apoptotic cell death .

HY-114803

Kokusaginine	Alkaloids Rutaceae Quinoline Alkaloids Melicope pteleifolia (Champ. ex Benth.) Hartley Plants Source Classification	Cholinesterase (ChE) Apoptosis Microtubule/Tubulin
Kokusaginine is a furoquinoline alkaloids, which exhibits inhibitory efficacy for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC₅₀ of 28.2 μM. Kokusaginine exhibits anti-proliferative and apoptotic inducing effects in MCF-7/ADR cells .

HY-108695

Enterodiol	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite
Enterodiol is transformed by human intestinal bacteria from lignans contained in various whole-grain cereals, nuts, legumes, flaxseed, and vegetables. Enterodiol has an *apoptotic* effect in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Anti-cancer activities .

HY-N7695

Physalin B	other families Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer Source Classification	Apoptosis Autophagy
Physalin B, one of the major active steroidal constituents of Cape gooseberry, induces cell cycle arrest and triggers apoptosis in breast cancer cells through modulating p53-dependent apoptotic pathway. Physalin B inhibits the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and induces incomplete autophagic response in human colon cancer cells in vitro .

HY-N10544

δ-Cadinene (+)-δ-Cadinene	Structural Classification Terpenoids Labiatae Sesquiterpenes Plants Medicago sativa L.	Bacterial Parasite Fungal Apoptosis
δ-Cadinene ((+)-δ-Cadinene) is a sesquiterpene in essential oils. δ-Cadinene shows antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on human ovary cancer (OVCAR-3) cells. δ-Cadinene has trichomonacidal, antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer properties .

HY-W035709

Hydrocinchonine Dihydrocinchonine	Alkaloids Other Alkaloids Rubiaceae Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Plants Source Classification	P-glycoprotein Apoptosis
Hydrocinchonine (Dihydrocinchonine) is a multidrug resistance (MDR)-reversal agent. Hydrocinchonine directly inhibits the function and expression of P-gp, which is the mechanism by which it reverses MDR. Hydrocinchonine exerts synergistic *apoptotic* effect with Paclitaxel (HY-B0015) in MES-SA/DX5 cells. Hydrocinchonine can be used for the study of gynecological malignant tumors (such as uterine sarcoma) with drug resistance caused by excessive expression of P-gp .

HY-N3062

Pinobanksin 3,5,7-Trihydroxyflavanone	Flavanonols Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Pinaceae Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Plants Pinus morrisonicola Hayata Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis
Pinobanksin has apoptotic induction in a B-cell lymphoma cell line .

HY-N1778A

(E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid 1 Publications Verification (E)-O-Methylferulic acid	Infection other families Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Virus Protease
(E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is the less active isomer of 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid exerts anti-apoptotic effects on L-02 cells via the ROS-mediated signaling pathway . Anti-apoptotic effects .

HY-N5106

(E)-Flavokawain A 2 Publications Verification	Chalcones Monophenols Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis
(E)-Flavokawain A, a chalcone extracted from Kava, has anticarcinogenic effect. (E)-Flavokawain A induces apoptosis in bladder cancer cells by involvement of bax protein-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway and suppresses tumor growth in mice .

HY-N1989

Bacoside A	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Scrophulariaceae Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. Source Classification	Na+/K+ ATPase CaMK Apoptosis Cholinesterase (ChE) NO Synthase NF-κB
Bacoside A is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable triterpenoid saponin that modulates the activities of ATPases, AChE, CaMK2A and iNOS. Derived from Bacopa monniera. Bacoside A exerts significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by maintaining ion balance, scavenging reactive oxygen species, stabilizing cell membranes, and regulating the expression of NF-κB and apoptosis-related proteins. Bacoside A counteracts morphine-induced reductions in Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase, Ca ²⁺-ATPase and Mg ²⁺-ATPase activities, increases mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Bacoside A specifically binds to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIA to trigger endoplasmic reticulum calcium release. Bacoside A exhibits non-apoptotic cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells while protecting normal nerve cells from stress-induced damage. Bacoside A is applicable to the research of Parkinson's disease and glioblastoma multiforme .

HY-W674241A

4-Ethylphenyl sulfate sodium	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
4-Ethylphenyl sulfate sodium is an orally active and brain-penetrant gut microbial metabolite. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate sodium downregulates Bcl2 expression, upregulates Bax expression, and induces cancer cell apoptosis via the endogenous apoptotic pathway. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate sodium induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate sodium impairs oligodendrocyte maturation, reduces oligodendrocyte-neuron interactions, decreases axonal myelination levels, and shifts the oligodendrocyte population toward immature precursor cells. 4-Ethylphenyl sulfate sodium alters brain region-specific neural activity and functional connectivity in mice, and correlates with anxiety-like behaviors in mice .

HY-N8671

Withanoside V	Structural Classification Withania somnifera Solanaceae Plants Steroids Source Classification	Amyloid-β Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) SARS-CoV
Withanoside V is a blood-brain barrier-permeable withanolide derivative . Withanoside V binds strongly to Sudlow I (domain IIA) of human serum albumin (HSA) to form a stable complex and alter the secondary structure of albumin, thereby increasing helix content and reducing β-sheet and random coil. Withanoside V binds to Aβ (1-42) to block the interaction between monomers and subsequent aggregation. Withanoside V inhibits the viability of neuroblastoma cells, reduces the number of apoptotic cells induced by Aβ (1-42), and decreases ROS production. Withanoside V inhibits SARS-CoV-2 M_pro. Withanoside V can be used for research on Alzheimer's disease and coronavirus disease 2019 .

HY-N12378

β-Patchoulene	Other Terpenoids Structural Classification Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr. Terpenoids Labiatae Plants Source Classification	NF-κB Toll-like Receptor (TLR) PKA Epigenetic Reader Domain Keap1-Nrf2 Sirtuin AMPK Caspase FASTK ERK ROCK Apoptosis
β-Patchoulene is an orally active anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic agent. β-Patchoulene inhibits the NF-κB, TLR4, and cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathways; activates the Sirt1/Nrf2 and AMPK signaling pathways; and targets Fas/FasL, Caspase-3, ERK1/2, ROCK1/MLC2 for inhibition. β-Patchoulene regulates cytokine secretion, inflammatory cell infiltration, lipid peroxidation, cell polarization, gut microbiota, and lipid metabolism, restores barrier function, mitochondrial function, and cell viability, and exhibits repellent activity against Spodoptera exigua larvae. β-Patchoulene can be used in research related to various inflammatory, ischemic, fibrosis-associated diseases, as well as hepatocellular carcinoma .

HY-N6576

Hellebrigenin	Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification Cancer	p38 MAPK ERK JNK IAP PARP Apoptosis Caspase
Hellebrigenin is an inhibitor that selectively targets the MAPK signaling pathway (ERK, p38, JNK) and XIAP, and can inhibit Akt expression and phosphorylation. Hellebrigenin can activate endogenous apoptosis pathways (such as mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, Caspase family activation, PARP cleavage), downregulate anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL) and upregulate pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bak). Hellebrigenin can also induce DNA double-strand breaks to activate the ATM pathway. Hellebrigenin can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and clone formation, and is mainly used in the study of oral squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer and other cancers .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-15605S

Encorafenib-13C,d3
Encorafenib- ¹³C,d₃ is the ¹³C- and deuterium labeled Encorafenib. Encorafenib (LGX818) is a highly potent BRAF inhibitor with selective anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity in cells expressing BRAFV600E (EC50=4 nM).

HY-N0060BS

(E)-Ferulic acid-d3

(E)-Ferulic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled (E)-Ferulic acid. (E)-Ferulic acid is a isomer of Ferulic acid which is an aromatic compound, abundant in plant cell walls. (E)-Ferulic acid causes the phosphorylation of β-catenin, resulting in proteasomal degradation of β-catenin and increases the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and decreases the expression of pro-survival factor survivin. (E)-Ferulic acid shows a potent ability to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits lipid peroxidation. (E)-Ferulic acid exerts both anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299 .

HY-N6801S

Nivalenol-13C15

Nivalenol- ¹³C₁₅ is the ¹³C labeled Nivalenol (HY-N6801) . Nivalenol, a trichothecene mycotoxin that can be produced by Fusarium graminearum, is a fungal metabolite present in agricultural product. Nivalenol modulates apoptotic pathway, cell cycle regulation, Bax, ERK, caspase-3, and poly-ADP-ribose synthase activity in macrophages. Nivalenol inhibits ribosomal peptidyltransferase site, protein synthesis, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. Nivalenol induces late-stage apoptotic morphological changes, reduces cellular metabolism, and decreases cell proliferation in erythroleukemia cells. Nivalenol induces lymphocyte apoptosis in murine thymus, spleen, and Peyer's patches. Nivalenol can be used for the research of erythroleukemia.

HY-W768912

Paclitaxel-13C6
Paclitaxel- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled Paclitaxel. Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes?tubulin?polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and?apoptotic?cell death. Paclitaxel also induces?autophagy .

HY-A0067S

Oxybenzone-d5
Oxybenzone-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Oxybenzone . Oxybenzone (Benzophenone 3) is a commonly used UV filter in sun tans and skin protectants. Oxybenzone act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and can pass through the placental and blood-brain barriers. Benzophenone-3 impairs autophagy, alters epigenetic status, and disrupts retinoid X receptor signaling in apoptotic neuronal cells .

HY-125527S

Resolvin D1-d5

Resolvin D1-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Resolvin D1. Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation, is derived from omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid during the resolution phase of acute inflammation. Resolvin D1 blocks proinflammatory neutrophil migration by regulating actin polymerization, reduces TNF-α-mediated inflammation in macrophages, and enhances phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages .

HY-W747491

Triclosan-13C12

Triclosan- ¹³C₁₂ is ¹³C labeled Triclosan (HY-B1119). Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial fatty acid synthesis at the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI) step. Triclosan inhibits E. coli enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI) and FabI containing a glycine-to-valine substitution at position 93 (FabIG93V) with IC₅₀s of 2 μM and 10 μM, respectively. Triclosan causes apoptotic effect in cultured rat neural stem cells (NSC). Triclosan exacerbates colitis and colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis in animal models .

HY-B0015S1

Paclitaxel-d5 (benzoyloxy)
Paclitaxel-d₅ (benzoyloxy) is the deuterium labeled Paclitaxel. Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy .

HY-W777283

Idebenone-13C,d3

Idebenone- ¹³C,d₃ is the deuterium labeled and ¹³C-labeled Idebenone (HY-N0303). Idebenone, a well-appreciated mitochondrial protectant, exhibits protective efficacy against neurotoxicity and can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease. Idebenone (oxidised form) has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the enzymatic metabolism of arachidonic acid in astroglial homogenates (IC₅₀=16.65 μM) . Idebenone, a coenzyme Q10 analog and an antioxidant, induces apoptotic cell death in the human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells . Idebenone quickly crosses the blood-brain barrier.

HY-W653962

Triclosan-13C6

Triclosan- ¹³C₆ is ¹³C labeled Triclosan. Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial fatty acid synthesis at the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI) step. Triclosan inhibits E. coli enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (FabI) and FabI containing a glycine-to-valine substitution at position 93 (FabIG93V) with IC₅₀s of 2 μM and 10 μM, respectively. Triclosan causes apoptotic effect in cultured rat neural stem cells (NSC). Triclosan exacerbates colitis and colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis in animal models .

HY-W777084

(E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid-13C3
(E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid- ¹³C₃ ((E)-O-Methylferulic acid- ¹³C₃) is the ¹³C-labeled (E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (HY-N1778A). (E)-3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid is the less active isomer of 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid exerts anti-apoptotic effects on L-02 cells via the ROS-mediated signaling pathway . Anti-apoptotic effects .

HY-W705820

(±)-Enterodiol-d6
(±)-Enterodiol-d₆ is the deuterium labeled (±)-Enterodiol (HY-108695B). (±)-Enterodiol is the racemate of Enterodiol (HY-108695). Enterodiol is transformed by human intestinal bacteria from lignans contained in various whole-grain cereals, nuts, legumes, flaxseed, and vegetables. Enterodiol has an apoptotic effect in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Enterodiol has anti-cancer activities .

HY-W778288

(±)-Enterodiol-13C3
(±)-Enterodiol- ¹³C₃ is the ¹³C-labeled (±)-Enterodiol (HY-108695B). (±)-Enterodiol is the racemate of Enterodiol (HY-108695). Enterodiol is transformed by human intestinal bacteria from lignans contained in various whole-grain cereals, nuts, legumes, flaxseed, and vegetables. Enterodiol has an apoptotic effect in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Enterodiol has anti-cancer activities .

HY-A0067S1

Oxybenzone-13C6

Oxybenzone- ¹³C₆ (Benzophenone 3- ¹³C₆) is the ¹³C-labeled Oxybenzone (HY-A0067). Oxybenzone (Benzophenone 3) is a commonly used UV filter in sun tans and skin protectants. Oxybenzone act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and can pass through the placental and blood-brain barriers. Benzophenone-3 impairs autophagy, alters epigenetic status, and disrupts retinoid X receptor signaling in apoptotic neuronal cells .

HY-W653958

Oxybenzone-d3

Oxybenzone-d₃ (Benzophenone 3-d₃) is a deuterium labeled Oxybenzone (HY-A0067). Oxybenzone (Benzophenone 3) is a commonly used UV filter in sun tans and skin protectants. Oxybenzone act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and can pass through the placental and blood-brain barriers. Benzophenone-3 impairs autophagy, alters epigenetic status, and disrupts retinoid X receptor signaling in apoptotic neuronal cells .

Targets Recommended: Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) TREM receptor

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-16900G

Rolipram	Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Epigenetic Reader Domain Amyloid-β	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Rolipram GMP is Rolipram (HY-16900) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Rolipram is a PDE4 inhibitor, with blood-brain barrier permeability, that reverses β-amyloid-induced learning and memory impairment in rats. Rolipram elevates intracellular cAMP and clevels and regulates the cAMP/CREB signaling pathway, thereby alleviating neuroinflammation and *apoptotic* responses. Rolipram promotes neuronal differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and inhibits Methamphetamine- and morphine-induced hyperlocomotion in mice. Rolipram also reduces the viability of glioblastoma stem-like cells and enhances Bevacizumab (HY-P9906)-induced cell death. Rolipram inhibits the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and enhances central noradrenergic transmission. Rolipram is mainly used in studies related to various central nervous system diseases including Alzheimer's disease, major depressive disorder, glioblastoma multiforme, and multiple sclerosis .

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