Malvaceae

Gossypol binds to Bcl-xL protein and Bcl-2 protein with K_is of 0.5-0.6 μM and 0.2-0.3 mM, respectively.

Nonanoic acid (Pelargonic acid) is a naturally-occurring saturated fatty acid with nine carbon atoms. Nonanoic acid significantly reduces bacterial translocation, enhances antibacterial activity, and remarkably increases the secretion of porcine β-defensins 1 (pBD-1) and pBD-2.

Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride (Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside chloride) is an active anthocyanin found in Hibiscus sabdariffa extract. Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride induces a pro-apoptotic effect in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B CLL). Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride exerts phytoestrogen activity by binding to ERβ, with an IC₅₀ of 9.7 μM. Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside chloride inhibits EGFR with an IC₅₀ of 2.37 µM. Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride exhibits antitumor effects through pAKT/IRF1/HOTAIR pathway. Delphinidin 3-glucoside chloride exhibits efficacy against oxidative stress, inhibits platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction.

D-Melibiose is a disaccharide which is composed of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage.

(R)-(-)-Gossypol (AT-101) is the levorotatory isomer of a natural product Gossypol. AT-101 is determined to bind to Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL proteins with K_is of 260±30 nM, 170±10 nM, and 480±40 nM, respectively.

(S)-Mansonone E is the S-configurational form of Mansonone E (HY-118401). Mansonone E acts as an insecticide.

β-Sitosterol 3-O-galactopyranoside is a steroidal glycoside that can be found in the leaves of Hibiscus sabdariffa.

Delphinidin-3-sambubioside (Dp3‐Sam) chloride is an anthocyanin that has orally active anti-inflammatory activity. Delphinidin-3-sambubioside chloride inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory factors release. Delphinidin-3-sambubioside chloride also alleviates hepatic lipid accumulation in HFD rats. Delphinidin-3-sambubioside chloride can be isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa L..

Gossypin is an orally active flavone isolated from Hibiscus vitifolius. Gossypin has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, anticataract, antidiabetic, and hepatoprotective activities. Gossypin inhibits NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expression. Gossypin inhibits AURKA and RSK2. Gossypin inhibits invasion and induces apoptosis. Gossypin can be used for gastric cancer study.

Quercetin-3'-O-glucoside is an orally active flavonoid glycoside. Quercetin-3'-O-glucoside reduces liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity, alters serum insulin and glucose levels, and regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver and kidney. Quercetin-3'-O-glucoside inhibits DNA topoisomerase II, induces S-phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Quercetin-3'-O-glucoside selectively inhibits EGFR-mediated signaling pathways targeting AKT, ERK1/2, FAK and MEK1/2. Quercetin-3'-O-glucoside inhibits growth factor-induced migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells. Quercetin-3'-O-glucoside exerts free radical scavenging effects. Quercetin-3'-O-glucoside is applicable to research related to pancreatic cancer, diabetes, hepatocellular carcinoma and malignant tumors.

Isoscutellarein is a flavonoid compound that can be isolated from Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl (Malvaceae)

Gibberellin A9 is a plant hormone that targets gibberellin receptor GID1. Gibberellin A9 binds to GID1 to form a GA-GID1-DELLA protein complex, which promotes the degradation of DELLA proteins. This relieves the inhibitory effect of DELLA proteins on plant growth, thereby promoting plant cell elongation and division, and increasing seed germination rate. Gibberellin A9 is promising for use in studies on plant growth and development, such as stem elongation and flowering induction.

Ikshusterol is a sterol that can be extracted from Hibiscus moscheutos L.

Mansonone E (Compound 5) is a pesticide. Mansonone E can be isolated from heartwood of Mansonia gagei. Mansonone E has significant antifungal activity against Cladosporium cucumerinum, Candida albicans and Phytophthora parasitica. Mansonone E has potent antibacterial activity with MIC₅₀s of both 7.8 μg/mL for Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and X. oryzae pv. Oryzicola. Mansonone E also has antifeedant and herbicidal activities.

D-Melibiose (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Melibiose. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Melibiose is a disaccharide which is composed of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage.

Feruloylaspartic acid (Compound 19) is an N-cinnamoyl-L-amino acid, and it is a key astringent compound responsible for the puckering sensation in roasted cocoa beans. Feruloylaspartic acid elicits a puckering, astringent oral sensation without exhibiting a bitter taste.

Cryptolepine is an orally active multi-potent alkaloid with anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, relieve pain and other properties. Cryptolepine acts as an inhibitor of c-Myc, mTOR, NF-κB, HIF-1, MAPK and an activator of AMPKα1/2. It intercalates into DNA, inhibits topoisomerase II (Top II), disrupts mitochondrial dynamics and induces apoptosis. Cryptolepine also exhibits anti-plasmodial and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. Cryptolepine can be used in research related to tumors (melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, mammary adenocarcinoma, etc.), malaria, inflammatory diseases and diabetes, particularly in studies focused on inhibiting tumor growth and anti-plasmodial infection.

(±)-Dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol is a natural lignan.