2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Cytoskeleton Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Apoptosis
  3. Herbicide Microtubule/Tubulin DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis
  4. Fluchloralin

Fluchloralin is a dinitroaniline herbicide that effectively controls annual gramineous and broadleaf weeds primarily by inhibiting tubulin synthesis and cell division. Fluchloralin exhibits cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, and promotes cell apoptosis by activating apoptotic signaling proteins, forming DNA ladder bands, inducing cell shrinkage and nuclear fragmentation.

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Fluchloralin

Fluchloralin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 33245-39-5

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Fluchloralin Related Antibodies

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Description

Fluchloralin is a dinitroaniline herbicide that effectively controls annual gramineous and broadleaf weeds primarily by inhibiting tubulin synthesis and cell division. Fluchloralin exhibits cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, and promotes cell apoptosis by activating apoptotic signaling proteins, forming DNA ladder bands, inducing cell shrinkage and nuclear fragmentation[1][2].

In Vitro

Fluchloralin (5-20 μg/mL; 24-72 h) exhibits dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in CHO and MEF cells[2].
Fluchloralin (2.5-20.0 μg/mL; 4-12 h) induces statistically significant, time-dependent chromosomal aberrations in CHO cells[2].
Fluchloralin (1.0-20.0 μg/mL; 12 h) causes a statistically significant increase in the level of sister chromatid exchange in CHO cells[2].
Fluchloralin (5-20 μg/mL; 30 h) exerts a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis in synchronized MEF cells without affecting thymidine transport[2].
Fluchloralin (5-20 μg/mL; 6 h) reduces the DNA synthesis level of synchronized MEF cells by nearly 50% at 12 h post-treatment, without affecting thymidine transport[2].
Fluchloralin (5-20 μg/mL; 24-72 h) induces apoptosis in CHO cells, which is evidenced by the formation of DNA ladder bands and typical nuclear changes[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Fluchloralin Related Antibodies

Cell Cytotoxicity Assay[2]

Cell Line: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, mouse embryo fibroblast (MEF) cells
Concentration: 5, 10, 15 and 20 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 24 h; 48 h; 72 h
Result: Induced a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability in both cell lines, with greater toxicity observed in CHO cells than MEF cells.
Reduced viability to 50% in CHO cells treated with 20 μg/mL for 72 h.
Reduced viability to 50% in MEF cells treated with 20 μg/mL for 72 h.

Apoptosis Analysis[2]

Cell Line: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells
Concentration: 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 24 h; 48 h; 72 h
Result: Induced a characteristic DNA ladder pattern in agarose gels of DNA from treated CHO cells.
Revealed apoptotic features including cell shrinkage and nuclear fragmentation via microscopic observation.
Induced apoptosis at 20 μg/mL after 72 h of treatment.
In Vivo

Fluchloralin (0.5-2 mg/L; aquatic immersion; daily; 96 hours) induces dose-dependent developmental toxicity in Danio rerio embryos, including reduced survival (LC50 = 2.004 mg/L), morphological defects, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, liver injury, and increased brain apoptosis[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Transgenic zebrafish (olig2:dsRed, cmlc2:dsRed, lfabp:dsRed;elastase:GFP); wild-type zebrafish (reared at 26-28.5 °C on a 13 h light/11 h dark cycle, 8 hours post-fertilization)[1]
Dosage: 0.5 mg/L; 1 mg/L; 2 mg/L
Administration: aquatic immersion; daily; 96 hours
Result: Significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells in the brain region of zebrafish.
Caused developmental toxicity to multiple organs (nervous system, heart, liver, pancreas) in zebrafish embryos.
Molecular Weight

355.70

Formula

C12H13ClF3N3O4
CAS No.
SMILES

ClCCN(CCC)C1=C(C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
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Fluchloralin Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Fluchloralin33245-39-5HerbicideMicrotubule/TubulinDNA/RNA SynthesisApoptosismicrotubule formationneurogenesisCHO cellsMEF cellshuman cancermicrotubule inhibitorzebrafish embryosapoptosisDNA synthesiscell divisionInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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