Iridaceae

Irigenin is a is a lead compound, and mediates its anti-metastatic effect by specifically and selectively blocking α9β1 and α4β1 integrins binding sites on C-C loop of Extra Domain A (EDA). Irigenin shows anti-cancer properties. It sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis via enhancing pro-apoptotic molecules in gastric cancer cells.

Swertisin is an oral adenosine A1 receptor antagonist and an SGLT2 inhibitor. Swertisin has anti-diabetic, antioxidant properties, inhibits HBV, and improves cognitive and memory impairments in mice.

Crocetin dialdehyde is a non-volatile apocarotenoid obtained by the action of the plastidic enzyme CCD2 over the carotenoid zeaxanthin in saffron. Crocetin dialdehyde can be converted into Crocetin (HY-N2072) by aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). Crocetin dialdehyde has no effect on the liver in mice.

Iristectorigenin A is a natural isoflavone isolated from B. chinensis rhizomes. Iristectorigenin A shows antioxidant activity.

Irisflorentin, a naturally occurring isoflavone, is an abundant active constituent in Belamcanda chinensis. Irisflorentin markedly reduces the transcriptional and translational levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as the production of NO. Anti-inflammatory activity.

(-)-3--2-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (Compound 1) is a naphthoquinone compound. (-)-3--2-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone is isolated from the bulbs of Eleutherine americana. (-)-3--2-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone shows no activity against lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production.

(7S,7′R,8S,8′S)-neo-Olivil is a lignan present in the rhizome of Iris tectorum. (7S,7′R,8S,8′S)-neo-Olivil shows no significant cytotoxicity against human tumor cells at a concentration of 10 μM.

Eleutherin is a type of naphthoquinone derivative with the protective effect against the injury ofhuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which can be isolated from the edible bulbs of Eleutherine americana (Hong-Cong).

Iridin is an orally active natural isoflavone. Iridin inhibits the PI3K/AKT and PKM2 signaling pathways, and downregulates the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways. Iridin induces Fas-mediated extrinsic apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and inhibits cell proliferation. Iridin reduces inflammation, inhibits ROS production, suppresses glycolysis, and also exhibits antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Iridin can be used in research related to gastric cancer and acute lung injury.

Iristectorigenin B (Iristectrigenin B) is a liver X receptor (LXR) modulator. Iristectrigenin B stimulates the transcriptional activity of both LXR-α and LXR-β.

Phorone (Diisopropylidene acetone) is a glutathione (GSH) depletor. Phorone specifically and reversibly depletes free GSH through enzymatic binding (Glutathione S-transferase) (K_m = 0.9 mM). Phorone reversibly reduces the binding and nuclear uptake of glucocorticoid receptors in rat liver, and this effect is related to the temporal changes in GSH levels. Phorone can be used for studying liver toxicity.

Eleutherol is a naphthalene isolated from E. americana with antifungal activities. Eleutherol is against yeasts Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cryptococcus neoformans with MIC values between 7.8 µg/mL and 250 µg/mL. Eleutherol inhibits α-glucosidase function with an IC₅₀>1.00 mM.

Dichotomitin is an isoflavonoid isolated from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.

Iristectorin B is an isoflavone from Iris tectorum, has anti-cancer activities in breast cancer.

Methyl myristate is a saturated fatty acid methyl ester obtained from the esterification of myristic acid. Methyl myristate shows a high melanin induction in B16F10 melanoma.

Crocin-4, a carotenoid constituent of saffron, is a potent and brain-penetrant antioxidant agent. Crocin-4 can inhibit the aggregation and the concomitant deposition of Aβ fibrils in the brain. Crocin-4 can be used for the research of Alzheimer's Disease. Crocin-4 also exhibits antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities.

Iriflophenone, isolated from Aquilaria sinensis, stimulates MCF-7 and T-47D human breast cancer cells proliferation.

Iristectorin A, a natural product from Iris tectorum, has anti-cancer activities in breast cancer.

Montbretin A is an active compound.