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Glutathione Reductase

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Aldose Reductase (1) Glutathione Peroxidase (45) Glutathione Reductase (GR) (5) Glutathione S-transferase (52) TrxR (3) ACSL Family (1) ADC Linker (10) Akt (10) Amino Acid Derivatives (3) AMPK (8) Amyloid-β (1) Angiotensin Receptor (2) Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) (1) Antibiotic (3) Apoptosis (61) ASK1 (2) Atg8/LC3 (1) ATM/ATR (2) ATP Citrate Lyase (2) Autophagy (7) Bacterial (17) Bcl-2 Family (3) Biochemical Assay Reagents (21) C-type Lectin-like Receptors (CTLRs) (1) Calcineurin (1) Calcium Channel (10) CaMK (1) Cannabinoid Receptor (1) Carboxylesterase (CES) (1) Caspase (9) Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) (2) CHIKV (1) Cholinesterase (ChE) (6) COX (2) Cuproptosis (1) Cytochrome P450 (9) Dengue Virus (1) Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (1) DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker (2) DNA-PK (1) DNA/RNA Synthesis (11) Drug Derivative (4) Drug Intermediate (2) Drug Isomer (2) Drug Metabolite (7) EGFR (1) Endogenous Metabolite (71) Environmental Pollutants (12) ERK (3) Estrogen Receptor/ERR (5) FAAH (1) FABP (1) Ferroptosis (66) Flavivirus (1) Fluorescent Dye (11) Fungal (5) FXR (3) GABA Receptor (3) GLUT (1) Glyoxalase (GLO) (5) Heme Oxygenase (HO) (2) Herbicide (3) HIV (4) HSV (1) IFNAR (1) iGluR (1) IKK (1) Influenza Virus (1) Insecticide (5) Insulin Receptor (1) Interleukin Related (15) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (31) JAK (5) JNK (8) Keap1-Nrf2 (13) Lactate Dehydrogenase (3) LDLR (3) Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC (1) Liposome (2) Lipoxygenase (1) MDM-2/p53 (6) MEK (1) Microtubule/Tubulin (2) Mitochondrial Metabolism (6) Mitophagy (1) MMP (1) Molecular Glues (1) Monoamine Oxidase (3) mTOR (3) Na+/K+ ATPase (1) nAChR (3) NADPH Oxidase (2) NF-κB (21) NO Synthase (6) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (1) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (1) P-glycoprotein (2) p38 MAPK (8) p62 (3) Pantetheinase (1) Parasite (7) PARP (1) PD-1/PD-L1 (1) Phosphatase (2) Photosensitizer (1) PI3K (5) PKC (1) Polo-like Kinase (PLK) (1) PPAR (5) Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) (2) Prostaglandin Receptor (1) PROTAC Linkers (2) PROTACs (1) Pyroptosis (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (83) Reference Standards (48) Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) (2) RIP kinase (1) ROS Kinase (3) Sirtuin (7) SOD (13) STAT (7) STING (1) Tau Protein (2) TGF-beta/Smad (1) TGF-β Receptor (1) TNF Receptor (11) Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (1) Topoisomerase (2) Transferrin Receptor (2) Transmembrane Glycoprotein (1) TRP Channel (1) Tyrosinase (2) UGT (2) VDAC (1) Virus Protease (2) Wnt (1) α-synuclein (1) β-catenin (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (165) Cardiovascular Disease (45) Endocrinology (5) Infection (46) Inflammation/Immunology (87) Metabolic Disease (91) Neurological Disease (58)
Click Chemistry:	Labeling and Fluorescence Imaging (1) Azide (1) Alkynes (3)
Oligonucleotides:	Liposome (1)

396

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Targets Recommended: Glutathione Reductase (GR) Glutathione Peroxidase Glutathione S-transferase Quinone Reductase 5 alpha Reductase Carbonyl Reductase Aldose Reductase TrxR Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) GSNOR VKOR

Cat. No.	Nom du produit	Target	Áreas de investigación	Chemical Structure

HY-D0187

*L-Glutathione* reduced** Maximum Cited Publications 54 Publications Verification GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-D0844

Glutathione oxidized 5+ Cited Publications L-Glutathione oxidized; GSSG; Oxiglutatione	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
Glutathione oxidized (L-Glutathione oxidized) is produced by the oxidation of glutathione. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is accompanied by production of glutathione oxidized. Glutathione oxidized can be used for the research of sickle cells and erythrocytes .

HY-134124

Glutathione ethyl ester	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
Glutathione ethyl ester is a cell-permeable GSH donor and provides an efficient supply of GSH to the oocyte. Glutathione ethyl ester shows positive effect on the in vitro production of embryos by enhancement of the antioxidative defense .

HY-12542

Dantrolene 10+ Cited Publications F 368	Calcium Channel Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Dantrolene is an orally active, non-competitive glutathione reductase inhibitor with a K_i of 111.6 μM and an IC₅₀ of 52.3 μM. Dantrolene is also a calcium channel protein inhibitor. Dantrolene inhibits the release of Ca ²⁺ from RyR1 and RyR3, which can be beneficial in a variety of pathologies caused by disruptions in calcium homeostasis (e.g., stroke, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases). Dantrolene offers relief of muscle spasms, malignant hyperthermia, and antitoxic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties .

HY-D0845

Nitrosoglutathione 5+ Cited Publications GSNO; RVC-588; S-Nitroso-L-Glutathione	Endogenous Metabolite Angiotensin Receptor	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a exogenous NO donor and a substrate for rat alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme, inhibits cerebrovascular angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT1 receptor responses .

HY-D0187S

*L-Glutathione* reduced-13C2,15N** GSH-¹³C₂,¹⁵N; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-¹³C₂,¹⁵N	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutathione reduced. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-125006

TRi-1 5 Publications Verification	JNK p38 MAPK	Cancer
TRi-1 is a potent, specific and irreversible inhibitor of cytosolic thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), with an IC₅₀ of 12 nM. TRi-1 has little mitochondrial toxicity for anticancer therapy .

HY-D0187R

*L-Glutathione* reduced (Standard)** GSH (Standard); γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutathione reduced. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-126752

Ophthalmic acid	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Ophthalmic acid is a ubiquitous metabolite and glutathione modulator, with a K_i of 0.95 mM for glyoxalase I. Ophthalmic acid competitively inhibits glyoxalase I, glutathione S-transferase, glutaredoxin, glutamate-cysteine ligase, protein disulfide reductase (glutathione), as well as non-selective cation channels. Ophthalmic acid is applicable in diabetes-related research .

HY-125862

Glutathione Reductase, baker's yeast EC 1.6.4.2; GR	Calcineurin Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
Glutathione reductase, baker's yeast (EC 1.6.4.2) is a reductase. Glutathione reductase, baker's yeast eliminates intracellular ROS. Glutathione reductase, baker's yeast reduces oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to reduced glutathione (GSH) using NADPH as an electron donor. Glutathione reductase, baker's yeast exerts antioxidant activity. Glutathione reductase is mainly used to study diseases associated with oxidative stress, such as Parkinson's disease and sickle cell anemia .

HY-P2833

Glutathione Peroxidase GSH-Px; EC 1.11.1.9	Glutathione Peroxidase	Metabolic Disease
Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px; EC 1.11.1.9) belongs to the peroxidase family and is commonly used in biochemical research. Glutathione Peroxidase can catalyze reduced glutathione (GSH) to form a disulfide bridge with another glutathione molecule, convert it into oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and react with hydrogen peroxide or lipid peroxide reaction, reducing it to H₂O. Glutathione Peroxidase is an effective antioxidant against oxidative stress .

HY-12542A

Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate 10+ Cited Publications Dantrolene sodium hydrate	Calcium Channel Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate is an orally active, non-competitive glutathione reductase inhibitor with a K_i of 111.6 μM and an IC₅₀ of 52.3 μM. Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate is also a calcium channel protein inhibitor. Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate inhibits the release of Ca ²⁺ from RyR1 and RyR3, which can be beneficial in a variety of pathologies caused by disruptions in calcium homeostasis (e.g., stroke, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases). Dantrolene sodium hemiheptahydrate offers relief of muscle spasms, malignant hyperthermia, and antitoxic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties .

HY-12448

SPDB	ADC Linker	Cancer
SPDB is a glutathione cleavable ADC linker used for the antibody-drug conjugate (ADCs) .

HY-B1820

Zinc sulphate 1 Publications Verification	Environmental Pollutants Biochemical Assay Reagents Glutathione Reductase (GR) Tyrosinase	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Zinc sulphate is an orally active inhibitor of tyrosinase and glutathione reductase. Zinc sulphate enhances the activity of dopachrome tautomerase. Zinc sulphate delays anagen-related eumelanin production, induces hair hypopigmentation in mice, and accelerates wound healing. Zinc sulphate can be used in research related to benign gastric ulcers. Zinc sulphate can be used in research related to rheumatoid arthritis .

HY-W017960

Diludine Et-HE; 1,4-DHP	SOD	Endocrinology
Diludine (BNP-7787) is an orally effective feed additive. Diludine reduces the activity of G6PD and increases the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Diludine reduces the mutagenic effect of environmental pollutants, protects parental reproductive systems and improves offspring quality. Diludine is mainly applied during the transition period of dairy cows to increase milk yield and milk fat content, and improve health status during parturition. Diludine can be used in animal feeding research .

HY-101131

Dansyl glutathione DNS-Glutathione	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Dansyl glutathione is a trapping agent for the quantitative estimation and identification of reactive metabolites.

HY-D0844S

Glutathione oxidized-13C4,15N2 1 Publications Verification L-Glutathione oxidized-¹³C₄,¹⁵N₂; GSSG-¹³C₄,¹⁵N₂; Oxiglutatione-¹³C₄,¹⁵N₂	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Glutathione oxidized- ¹³C₄, ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Glutathione oxidized (HY-D0844). Glutathione oxidized is produced by the oxidation of glutathione. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is accompanied by production of glutathione oxidized. Glutathione oxidized can be used for the research of sickle cells and erythrocytes .

HY-150631S

Glutathione-glycine-13C2,15N trifluoroacetate	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
Glutathione-glycine- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N (trifluoroacetate) is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Glutathione-glycine trifluoroacetate .

HY-W745029A

*L-Glutathione* reduced-d5 ammonium** GSH-d5 ammonium; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-d5 ammonium	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced-d₅ (GSH-d₅) ammonium is the deuterium labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-W013754

S-Hexylglutathione	Glutathione S-transferase	Others
S-Hexylglutathione is an S-substituted glutathione in which the hydrogen of the thiol has been replaced by a hexyl group. S-Hexylglutathione is also an competitive inhibitor against *glutathione-S-transferase. S-Hexylglutathione can be used as an affinity chromatographic ligand for glutathione-S-transferase* and glutathione peroxidase .

HY-131944

S-Acetylglutathione	Apoptosis HSV	Infection Cancer
S-Acetylglutathione is a derivative of Glutathione (HY-D0187). S-Acetylglutathione is stable in blood, and can be converted to glutathione by intracellular thioesterases. S-Acetylglutathione restores the intracellular glutathione content in glutathione synthetase deficient fibroblasts. S-Acetylglutathione exhibits antiviral efficacy in HSV-1 infected model through inhibition of viral replication. S-Acetylglutathione induces apoptosis in cancer cells MOLT4 and UKF-NB-3 .

HY-N7227

Anonaine	Glutathione S-transferase Parasite	Infection Cancer
Anonaine is an antiparasitic agent. Anonaine also is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor .

HY-D0844R

Glutathione oxidized (Standard) L-Glutathione oxidized (Standard); GSSG (Standard); Oxiglutatione (Standard)	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
Glutathione oxidized (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glutathione oxidized. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glutathione oxidized (L-Glutathione oxidized) is produced by the oxidation of glutathione. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is accompanied by production of glutathione oxidized. Glutathione oxidized can be used for the research of sickle cells and erythrocytes .

HY-W392413

Glutathione monoethyl ester	Drug Derivative Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Glutathione monoethyl ester is a glutathione derivative that can be transported into cells and hydrolyzed into glutathione. Glutathione monoethyl ester downregulates the gene expression of TEN1 and CTC1 while upregulating TERT expression. Glutathione monoethyl ester enhances telomerase activity, promotes proliferation and differentiation in aged bone marrow stromal cells, while elevating glutathione levels and reducing oxidative stress, protein aggregation and cell death in motor neuronal cells. Glutathione monoethyl ester confers broad multi-organ protection against cerebral ischemia, renal injury, liver damage, and pancreatitis. Glutathione monoethyl ester can be used for the research of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, acute renal failure, liver injury, and acute pancreatitis .

HY-P5069A

Glutathione diethyl ester TFA	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Glutathione diethyl ester (TFA) is a delivery agent for glutathione monoester, and thus for glutathione, in human cells and therefore could serve to decrease oxidative stress and toxicity .

HY-W052512

Antitrypanosomal agent 1	Parasite	Infection
Antitrypanosomal agent 1 is a potent and selective trypanothione reductase (TR) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 3.3 μM. Antitrypanosomal agent 1 inhibits glutathione reductase (GR) (IC₅₀=64.8 μM) and T. brucei (EC₅₀=1 μM). Antitrypanosomal agent 1 has anti-trypanosomal activity .

HY-167920

Glutathione sulfonate S-SulfoGlutathione	Endogenous Metabolite	Cancer
Glutathione sulfonate (S-Sulfoglutathione) is a multifunctional bioactive compound that inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth. Glutathione sulfonate is a competitive inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase and is involved in the detoxification process and the binding of a variety of exogenous and endogenous compounds. Glutathione sulfonate acts in the substrate binding site of Escherichia coli glutathione S-transferase, affecting the catalytic mechanism. The structural characteristics of Glutathione sulfonate contribute to its inhibitory effect by hydrogen bonding in the active center of the enzyme .

HY-148208

S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione	Amino Acid Derivatives	Metabolic Disease
S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione is a competitive glutathionase inhibitor. S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione is converted to the corresponding cysteine derivatives by rat kidney microsomes. S-(p-Nitrobenzyl)glutathione can be used for the research of metabolic breakdown of glutathione by the glutathionase system .

HY-P2961

Glutathione S-transferase	Glutathione S-transferase	Cancer
Glutathione S-transferase is a phase II metabolic enzyme consisting of three superfamilies: cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal. Glutathione S-transferase possesses various catalytic activities such as catalytic detoxification and thiol transfer, as well as chaperone function. GSTP1, a subtype of Glutathione S-transferase, is highly expressed in malignant tissues and serves as a tumor marker .

HY-135174

*L-Cysteine-glutathione* disulfide**	Endogenous Metabolite	Infection
L-Cysteine-glutathione disulfide is a metabolite in plasma that can be used in biomarker studies for tuberculosis cure .

HY-D0187S4

*L-Glutathione* reduced-13C** GSH-¹³C; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-¹³C	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹³C (GSH- ¹³C; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine- ¹³C) is ¹³C-labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced is an endogenous antioxidant and oxygen free radical scavenger.

HY-14943

Darinaparsin ZIO-101; S-Dimethylarsino-Glutathione	Apoptosis	Cancer
Darinaparsin (ZIO-101), an organic arsenical, is a mitochondrial-targeted agent. Darinaparsin induces apoptosis in ancer cells, and has anticancer effects .

HY-16124

Canfosfamide TLK-286; TER286	DNA-PK Apoptosis	Cancer
Canfosfamide (TLK-286, TER286) is a glutathione analogue prodrug that is activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 and induces apoptosis. Canfosfamide also inhibits the catalytic kinase activity of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Canfosfamide produces an anticancer alkylating agent and a glutathione derivative after activation. Canfosfamide can be used to research malignancies .

HY-129368

SPDMV 1 Publications Verification	ADC Linker	Cancer
SPDMV is a glutathione cleavable ADC linker used for the antibody-drug conjugate (ADCs) .

HY-137330

S-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
S-(2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione is a substrate for glutathione-S-transferase. (2,4-Dinitrophenyl)glutathione can be used as an irreversible glutathione reductase inhibitor with an K_i value of 30 µM .

HY-N8115

S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione	Others	Neurological Disease
S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione is a glutathione derivative. S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione inhibits the in vitro binding of kainic acid to brain glutamate receptors, with an IC₅₀ of 2 μM .

HY-P4277

N,S-Bis-Fmoc-Glutathione	Glyoxalase (GLO)	Others
N,S-Bis-Fmoc-Glutathione is a potent glyoxalase II inhibitor with a K_i value of 0.75 μM and an IC₅₀ of 2.5 μM .

HY-P4277A

*N,S-Bis-Fmoc-Glutathione* TFA**	Glyoxalase (GLO)	Others
N,S-Bis-Fmoc-Glutathione TFA is a potent glyoxalase II inhibitor with a K_i value of 0.75 μM and an IC₅₀ of 2.5 μM .

HY-W745029

*L-Glutathione* reduced-d5** GSH-d₅; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-d₅	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
L-Glutathione reduced-d₅ (GSH-d₅; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-d₅) is the deuterium labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-126530

PPC-NB	ADC Linker	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
PPC-NB is a glutathione cleavable linker used for the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) .

HY-132281

16-Oxokahweol	Glutathione S-transferase	Metabolic Disease
16-Oxokahweol, a Kahweol (HY-N6258) derivative, is a glutathione S-transferase inducer .

HY-130588

Glutathione arsenoxide GSAO	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
Glutathione arsenoxide (GSAO) is a potential anticancer agent and a tumour metabolism inhibitor. Glutathione arsenoxide targets Mitochondrial endomycin nucleotide transferase (ANT). Glutathione arsenoxide causes cell proliferation arrest and cell death. Glutathione arsenoxide can be used to identify cell-surface proteins, such as Protein disulphide isomerase .

HY-130588A

Glutathione arsenoxide TFA GSAO TFA	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
Glutathione arsenoxide (GSAO) TFA is a potential anticancer agent and a tumour metabolism inhibitor. Glutathione arsenoxide TFA targets Mitochondrial endomycin nucleotide transferase (ANT). Glutathione arsenoxide TFA causes cell proliferation arrest and cell death. Glutathione arsenoxide TFA can be used to identify cell-surface proteins, such as Protein disulphide isomerase .

HY-125737

15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 glutathione 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 Glutathione	Prostaglandin Receptor	Others
15-deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 glutathione (15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 glutathione) is a non-enzymatic adduct formed from 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 and glutathione. The biological properties of this compound have not been characterized.

HY-160875

GST-FH.1	Glutathione S-transferase	Metabolic Disease
GST-FH.1 is a GST-FH compound, a complex that produces frequent false positive hits (FH) in the interaction between glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) . GST-FH.4 inhibits glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity with an IC₅₀ of 0.32 μM .

HY-W013744

S-Octylglutathione	Glutathione S-transferase	Others
S-Octylglutathione is a competitive glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor .

HY-129370

SPDB-sulfo	ADC Linker	Cancer
SPDB-sulfo is a glutathione cleavable ADC linker used for the antibody-drug conjugate (ADCs) .

HY-N16658

Asperilin NSC 85238	Glutathione Peroxidase	Inflammation/Immunology
Asperilin (NSC 85238) is an orally active sesquiterpene lactone. Asperilin is an effective hydroxyl radical scavenger. Asperilin significantly enhance the lipid peroxidation levels of liver microsomes in various systems. Asperilin leads to a significant decrease in liver glutathione (GSH) levels and an increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Asperilin can be used for research on inflammatory conditions .

HY-12590

Glutathione oxidized disodium L-Glutathione oxidized disodium; GSSG disodium; Oxiglutatione disodium	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
Glutathione oxidized disodium is produced by the oxidation of glutathione which is a major intracellular antioxidant and detoxifying agent .

HY-144868

Glutathione synthesis-IN-1	Glutathione S-transferase	Cancer
Glutathione synthesis-IN-1 is an orally active radiosensitizer and intracellular glutathione synthesis inhibitor. Glutathione synthesis-IN-1 can be used in the research of melanoma and glioma .

Cat. No.	Nom du produit	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-D0187

*L-Glutathione* reduced** Maximum Cited Publications 54 Publications Verification GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine	Cardiovascular Disease Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis
L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-Y0337

L-Cysteine 10+ Cited Publications Cysteine	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteine (Cysteine) is an orally active conditionally essential amino acid with hypoglycemic effects, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells via the CBS/H2S pathway. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans. L-Cysteine can be used as an anorectic agent .

HY-D0844

Glutathione oxidized 5+ Cited Publications L-Glutathione oxidized; GSSG; Oxiglutatione	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Glutathione oxidized (L-Glutathione oxidized) is produced by the oxidation of glutathione. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is accompanied by production of glutathione oxidized. Glutathione oxidized can be used for the research of sickle cells and erythrocytes .

HY-113324

NADPH 15+ Cited Publications	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
NADPH is a coenzyme of glutathione reductase (GR), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), and participates in redox reactions as a hydrogen donor. NADPH has the characteristic of selectively participating in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis. NADPH exerts antioxidant activity and resists reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage by providing reducing equivalents for the regeneration of glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx); at the same time, it acts as a substrate of NOX to generate superoxide anions, mediating oxidative stress and immune response. NADPH participates in maintaining the intracellular reducing environment, biosynthesis and regulating gene expression (such as the Nrf2 pathway), and is mainly used in the study of oxidative stress-related diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer) and immune regulation mechanisms .

HY-Y0337A

L-Cysteine hydrochloride 10+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Metabolic Disease Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteine hydrochloride is an orally active conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine hydrochloride suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents. L-Cysteine hydrochloride inhibits Aspergillus flavus growth and AFB synthesis by disrupting cell structure and antioxidant system balance. L-Cysteine hydrochloride enhances relaxant responses of rat aortic rings to NO and reduces responses to endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) .

HY-113402

Gamma-glutamylcysteine 4 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Cys	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Interleukin Related TNF Receptor AMPK Sirtuin STAT PI3K NF-κB JAK p38 MAPK JNK Akt Apoptosis Ferroptosis
Gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable dipeptide . Gamma-glutamylcysteine activates AMPK, SIRT1, IL-4/STAT6, AC/cAMP/PI3K, IGF-1R/IRS1/PI3K, and Nrf2 signaling pathways; it inhibits NF-κB, JAK1/STAT1/3, MAPKs, cadmium-induced p38 MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Gamma-glutamylcysteine regulates macrophage polarization, modulates the trafficking of CD36 and GLUT4, induces glutathione synthesis, improves metabolic dysfunction, reduces lipid deposition, ameliorates glucose homeostasis, inhibits apoptosis (Apoptosis), stabilizes mitochondria, suppresses lipid peroxidation, iron accumulation and ferroptosis (Ferroptosis), reduces ds-HMGB1 levels, reverses mechanical hyperalgesia, and alleviates hepatic lipid droplet formation. Gamma-glutamylcysteine is applicable to research related to inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, cadmium-induced neurotoxicity, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathy, and alcoholic liver disease .

HY-112540B

Acetoacetic acid sodium	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Acetoacetic acid sodium is an oxidative stress inducer that affects the antioxidant enzyme system and lipoprotein metabolism. Acetoacetic acid sodium induces oxidative stress by decreasing the mRNA expression and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), increasing MDA content, and inhibiting very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly by downregulating apolipoprotein ApoB100, ApoE, and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), leading to triglyceride (TG) accumulation in hepatocytes. Acetoacetic acid sodium can be used to study metabolic diseases .

HY-N0394

L-Cystine 4 Publications Verification	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis ROS Kinase Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
L-Cystine is an orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones

HY-76082

L-Pyroglutamic acid 3 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Immune System Disorder Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Other Diseases Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cardiovascular System Disorder Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
L-Pyroglutamic acid is the levo-isomer of Pyroglutamic acid. L-Pyroglutamic acid is the biologically active enantiomer in humans. Pyroglutamic acid is an intermediate in glutathione metabolism. L-Pyroglutamic acid can be used as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .

HY-B1000A

L-SelenoMethionine 5 Publications Verification	Microorganisms other families Animals Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
L-SelenoMethionine, an L-isomer of Selenomethionine, is a major natural food-form of selenium. L-SelenoMethionin is a cancer chemopreventive agent that can reduce cancer incidence by dietary supplementation and induce apoptosis of cancer cells. L-SelenoMethionine also can increase expression of glutathione peroxidase .

HY-W009203

L-Cystine dihydrochloride 4 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis
L-Cystine dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt form of L-Cystine (HY-N0394). L-Cystine dihydrochloride elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine dihydrochloride reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine dihydrochloride combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine dihydrochloride is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones

HY-N1437

Hydroxycitric acid 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Guttiferae Plants Garcinia gummi-gutta (L.) Roxb. Source Classification	Apoptosis Ferroptosis mTOR DNA/RNA Synthesis Keap1-Nrf2 Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) NF-κB ATP Citrate Lyase AMPK
Hydroxycitric acid is an orally active, multi-target, multi-bioactive organic acid. activates Nrf2 and its downstream molecule GPX4, increases glutathione levels, and thereby inhibits ferroptosis. Hydroxycitric acid activates the Nrf2/Keap1 and ACLY/NF-κB signaling pathways, upregulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, reduces MDA content, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, and improves pulmonary vascular and right ventricular remodeling. Hydroxycitric acid activates both the AMPK and mTORC1/S6K pathways, triggers the unfolded protein response, arrests the cancer cell cycle, and induces DNA fragmentation .

HY-N0070

Solasonine 3 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Solanum nigrum Linn. Solanaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Solasonine is a ferroptosis inducer which can be isolated from Solanum melongena that has anti-infection, anti-cancer, and neurogenesis promoting properties. Solasonine promotes ferroptosis of HCC cells via destruction of the glutathione redox system induced by inhibiting GPX4, and can be used for cancer research .

HY-N0548

α-Angelica lactone 2 Publications Verification	Productos naturales Classification of Application Fields Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis Umbelliferae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Glutathione S-transferase
α-Angelica lactone is a naturally occurring anticarcinogen and an vinylogous nucleophile. α-Angelica lactone can give the chiral δ-amino γ,γ-disubstituted butenolide carbonyl derivatives and exhibitselectrophilic trapping at the γ-carbon. α-Angelica lactone exerts strong chemoprotective effects by selective enhancement of glutathione-S-thansferase (GST) and UDP-glucononosyltransferase (UGT) detoxification enzymes .

HY-113149A

Argininosuccinic acid disodium	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Argininosuccinic acid disodium is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid disodium can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-112540

Acetoacetic acid 4 Publications Verification	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Acetoacetic acid is an oxidative stress inducer that affects the antioxidant enzyme system and lipoprotein metabolism. Acetoacetic acid induces oxidative stress by decreasing the mRNA expression and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), increasing MDA content, and inhibiting very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly by downregulating apolipoprotein ApoB100, ApoE, and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), leading to triglyceride (TG) accumulation in hepatocytes. Acetoacetic acid can be used to study metabolic diseases .

HY-W016715

L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate 10+ Cited Publications	Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite NF-κB Insulin Receptor
L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate is an orally active and essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate regulates CBS/H2S pathway, inhibits NF-κB activation and insulin and ghrelin secretion. L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate reduces blood sugar, vascular inflammation markers and appetite. L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate induces kidney damage. L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate can be used in the study of neurological diseases and diabetes .

HY-W040129

Chromomycin A3 1 Publications Verification	Microorganisms Source Classification	DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Caspase
Chromomycin A3 is an inhibitor that selectively binds to GC-rich DNA sequences. Chromomycin A3 targets the DNA minor groove after forming a dimer with Mg ²⁺. Chromomycin A3 inhibits DNA replication and transcription, blocks the binding of Sp1 transcription factor to target gene promoters, downregulates the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as FLIP, Mcl-1, and XIAP, and induces S-phase cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis in tumor cells. Chromomycin A3 can antagonize oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion and neuronal apoptosis induced by Camptothecin (HY-15660). Chromomycin A3 can be used in basic research on malignant tumors such as cholangiocarcinoma, and is a potential chemosensitizer and GC-rich region probe .

HY-D0187R

*L-Glutathione* reduced (Standard)** GSH (Standard); γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis
L-Glutathione reduced (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutathione reduced. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-N0255

alpha-Hederin 3 Publications Verification α-Hederin	Triterpenes Hedera nepalensis K. Koch var. sinensis (Tobl.) Rehd. Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Other Diseases Plants Disease Research Fields Araliaceae Source Classification	Apoptosis
alpha-Hederin (α-Hederin), a monodesmosidic triterpenoid saponin, exhibits promising antitumor potential against a variety of human cancer cell lines. alpha-Hederin could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer accompanied by glutathione decrement and reactive oxygen species generation via activating mitochondrial dependent pathway .

HY-126490

Phleomycin 2 Publications Verification	Infection Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Antibacterial Disease Research Anticancer Disease Research Fields Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Bacterial Antibiotic DNA/RNA Synthesis
Phleomycin is a copper-dependent DNA damaging agent and antibiotic with antitumor activity. Phleomycin binds to DNA and produces ROS in the presence of reducing agents (such as dithiothreitol and glutathione), inducing single-strand and double-strand breaks in DNA. Phleomycin can induce cell apoptosis or mutation and is widely used in cancer inhibition, microbial genetic transformation (as a screening marker to improve fungal transformation efficiency) and DNA repair mechanism research .

HY-113110

Cysteinylglycine L-Cysteinylglycine; Cys-Gly; H-Cys-Gly-OH	Productos naturales Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Disease markers Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DNA/RNA Synthesis
Cysteinylglycine (L-Cysteinylglycine; Cys-Gly) is a dipeptide formed by the peptide bond linkage between cysteine (Cysteine) and glycine (Glycine). Cysteinylglycine is an important metabolic intermediate in the human body, mainly derived from the degradation of glutathione (GSH). Cysteinylglycine reduces ferric iron to ferrous iron, drives the redox cycle of iron, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), stimulates oxidative reactions, induces lipid peroxidation of human plasma LDL lipoproteins, and causes oxidative damage to DNA bases. Cysteinylglycine can be used as a biomarker to evaluate ischemic heart disease, breast cancer and other conditions .

HY-B1065

Aceglutamide α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine	Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 Akt ASK1 Apoptosis
Aceglutamide (α-N-Acetyl-L-glutamine; N2-Acetylglutamine) is a neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Aceglutamide can enhance the antioxidant systems of glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trx) and Nrf2. Aceglutamide also inhibits ASK1 and TRAF1, activates the Akt/Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic pathway, enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduces oxidative damage. Aceglutamide can improve neurological deficits after cerebral ischemia, reduce infarct volume, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis, especially substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Aceglutamide can reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, improve motor dysfunction, and is used in ischemic stroke-related research .

HY-126752

Ophthalmic acid	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Ophthalmic acid is a ubiquitous metabolite and glutathione modulator, with a K_i of 0.95 mM for glyoxalase I. Ophthalmic acid competitively inhibits glyoxalase I, glutathione S-transferase, glutaredoxin, glutamate-cysteine ligase, protein disulfide reductase (glutathione), as well as non-selective cation channels. Ophthalmic acid is applicable in diabetes-related research .

HY-W017464

NAPQI N-Acetyl-4-benzoquinone Imine	Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Drug Metabolite Endogenous Metabolite
NAPQI is the toxic metabolite of Acetaminophen (HY-66005). NAPQI is also an inhibitor of enzymes in the vitamin K cycle. NAPQI is rapidly detoxified by glutathione (GSH), but in situations of GSH deficiency, excess NAPQI reacts with cysteine residues in proteins, causing cell death and toxicity in the liver .

HY-N0245

Theaflavin-3-gallate	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavanols Phenols Polyphenols Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Theaceae Cancer	Apoptosis MDM-2/p53 ATM/ATR Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
Theaflavin-3-gallate, a black tea theaflavin monomer, is regarded as the biologically important active component of black tea and provides health benefits. Theaflavin-3-gallate acts as prooxidants and induces oxidative stress in the carcinoma cells. Theaflavin-3-gallate reacts directly with reduced glutathione (GSH) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Theaflavin-3-gallate induces apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in ovarian cancer A2780/CP70 cells through p53-dependent pathways. Theaflavin-3-gallate induces DNA damage through ATM/Chk/p53 pathway .

HY-W015551

trans-2-Decenal (E)-Dec-2-enal	Structural Classification Productos naturales Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. Ericaceae Plants Source Classification	Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
trans-2-Decenal ((E)-Dec-2-enal) acts as a urease inhibitor and antibacterial agent against Helicobacter pylori, with an IC₅₀ of 9.484 μg/mL against Helicobacter pylori urease. trans-2-Decenal reduces the urease activity of Helicobacter pylori, and possesses antibacterial, bactericidal, anti-biofilm and anti-migratory activities. It alters the morphology of Helicobacter pylori, induces bacterial rupture, inhibits biofilm formation, reduces the number of mature biofilms and impairs the migratory capacity of Helicobacter pylori. trans-2-Decenal disrupts the cell wall integrity of Phytophthora capsici, damages membrane integrity and permeability, triggers intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, decreases glutathione levels and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential of Phytophthora capsici. trans-2-Decenal is applicable to studies related to Helicobacter pylori and plant diseases induced by and Phytophthora capsici .

HY-113355

NADH	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
NADH is an orally active dehydrogenase coenzyme that acts as a crucial electron carrier in cellular respiration and participates in ATP production. NADH promotes metabolism, supports brain function, and counteracts oxidative stress by transferring electrons to the electron transport chain. As a signaling molecule, NADH regulates multiple biological processes, including anti-apoptosis, synaptic plasticity, gene expression, and calcium homeostasis. Redox imbalance of NADH/NAD⁺ is one of the key pathological mechanisms of various diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, neurodegenerative diseases, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.

HY-N0864

Macranthoidin B Macranthoiside I	Triterpenes Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Apoptosis COX Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase SOD
Macranthoidin B (Macranthoiside I) is an orally active triterpene saponin. Macranthoidin B inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometriosis via the COX‑2/PGE2 pathway, and also induces tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits their proliferation by regulating metabolism and increasing ROS levels . Macranthoidin B can be used in studies related to endometriosis, colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma .

HY-113149

Argininosuccinic acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Argininosuccinic acid is an intermediate metabolite in the urea cycle, and its level is associated with argininosuccinic aciduria. Argininosuccinic acid can induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid and protein oxidation, reduction of glutathione, and decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity. Argininosuccinic acid can be converted into guanidinosuccinic acid, a nitric oxide mimic, under the action of nitric oxide-derived free radicals. Argininosuccinic acid can be used in the research of metabolic diseases, renal failure, nervous system diseases, etc .

HY-112540A

Acetoacetic acid lithium 4 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Acetoacetic acid lithium is an oxidative stress inducer that affects the antioxidant enzyme system and lipoprotein metabolism. Acetoacetic acid lithium induces oxidative stress by decreasing the mRNA expression and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), increasing MDA content, and inhibiting very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly by downregulating apolipoprotein ApoB100, ApoE, and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), leading to triglyceride (TG) accumulation in hepatocytes. Acetoacetic acid lithium can be used to study metabolic diseases .

HY-N0859

Schisanhenol Schizanhenol; Gomisin-K3	Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Lignans Phenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Schisandraceae Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	UGT Cholinesterase (ChE) Tau Protein SOD Sirtuin
Schisanhenol (Schizanhenol), a lignan, is an orally active antioxidant. Schisanhenol reduces AChE activity, increases SIRT1 and PGC-1α expression, and decreases phosphorylated Tau (Ser 396) levels. Schisanhenol increases SOD and glutathione peroxidase activity, decreases malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and inhibits UGT2B7 activitY. Schisanhenol attenuates ox-LDL-induced apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, and cytotoxicity in endothelial cells. Schisanhenol inhibits LDL oxidation, brain mitochondrial and membrane peroxidative damage, and brain mitochondrial swelling and disintegration. Schisanhenol can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease, atherosclerosis, brain ischemia, and age-related brain deterioration .

HY-N0541

Pseudoginsenoside F11 2 Publications Verification Ginsenoside A1	Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Other Diseases Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Araliaceae Source Classification	Amyloid-β JNK MDM-2/p53 Caspase SOD Glutathione Peroxidase NO Synthase
Pseudoginsenoside F11 is an orally active neuroprotective agent. Pseudoginsenoside F11 reduces the expression of β-amyloid precursor protein, inhibits the production of Aβ_1-40, downregulates the expression of JNK2, p53 and activated Caspase 3, and restores the activities of SOD and Glutathione peroxidase. Pseudoginsenoside F11 inhibits the excessive activation of μ-Calpain and restores the level of neuronal Nitric oxide synthase. Pseudoginsenoside F11 reduces infarct volume, alleviates cerebral edema, decreases neuronal loss, improves neurological deficits and enhances long-term functional outcomes in transient cerebral ischemia models. Pseudoginsenoside F11 antagonizes Methamphetamine-induced behavioral deficits, dopamine level reduction and neurotoxicity without altering the baseline behaviors of normal mice. Pseudoginsenoside F11 can be used in studies related to Alzheimer's disease, transient cerebral ischemic injury and Methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity .

HY-W010104

L-Methionine sulfoxide H-Met(O)-OH	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Methionine sulfoxide is an orally active oxidation product of Methionine (HY-N0326). L-Methionine sulfoxide can be partially converted into Methionine in the body and participate in the synthesis of glutathione in the liver. L-Methionine sulfoxide provides the body with sulfur activity and can participate in the synthesis of proteins and sulfur-containing compounds .

HY-B1309

Metacetamol AMAP	Structural Classification Monophenols Boswellia serrata Roxb. Phenols Plants Burseraceae Source Classification	Drug Derivative Mitochondrial Metabolism
Metacetamol (AMAP) is an analog of Acetaminophen (HY-66005). Metacetamol induces dose-dependent necrosis in primary hepatocytes via glutathione depletion, mitochondrial damage, and formation of mitochondrial protein adducts. Metacetamol derivatives act as anticancer and antibacterial agents. Metacetamol can be used in studies related to breast cancer, bacterial infections, and fungal infections (candidiasis) .

HY-N3031

Grosvenorine	Infection Flavonols Structural Classification Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Cucurbitaceae Phenols Polyphenols Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family MDM-2/p53 Glutathione Peroxidase SOD TNF Receptor Interleukin Related
Grosvenorine is an orally active flavonoid glycoside found in S. grosvenorii. Grosvenorine exhibits antibacterial, antioxidant and antiinflammation activities. Grosvenorine can induce apoptosis and increases anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression and reduces pro-apoptotic P53 protein expression in gastric tissues. Grosvenorine enhances mucin/glycoprotein secretion, regulates gastric pH, and reduces gastric lesion incidence.Grosvenorine increases glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and SOD levels, reduces lipid peroxidation (MDA), and lowers TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Grosvenorine can be used for the researches of bacterial infection and Gastric ulcer .

HY-N3431

Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside	Flavonols Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Calycanthaceae	AMPK PD-1/PD-L1 FXR Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside is a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside demonstrates cardioprotective potential targeting the AMPKα1 signaling pathway. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside significantly upregulates the mRNA expression of AMPKα1 in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside reverses APAP-induced reduction of glutathione (GSH) content and increase of ROS production in L02 cells. Kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside has the potential for heart failure .

HY-N1916

Coniferyl ferulate 1 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Polyphenols Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Glutathione S-transferase P-glycoprotein Apoptosis iGluR CaMK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Bacterial
Coniferyl ferulate is an orally active phenolic acid compound. Coniferyl ferulate is a potent inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST) (IC₅₀ = 0.3 μM), which downregulates P-gp expression, induces apoptosis in B-MD-C1 (ADR+/+) cells, and reverses multidrug resistance. Coniferyl ferulate blocks the NMDAR/NR2B-CaMKII-MAPKs signaling pathway, inhibits ROS production and mitochondrial apoptosis, while reshapes the intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolism, ameliorates colonic inflammation and alleviates depressive symptoms in mice. Coniferyl ferulate can alleviate the toxicity of xylene to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by targeting Mgst2. Coniferyl ferulate exhibits antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus .

HY-N2560

Senecionine Senecionan-11,16-dione, 12-hydroxy-; Aureine; Senecionin	Pterogyne nitens Tul. Alkaloids Structural Classification Pyrrole Alkaloids Erinacea anthyllis Link Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Plants Compositae Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Others
Senecionine (Senecionan-11,16-dione, 12-hydroxy-) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid could be isolated from Senecio vulgaris. Senecionine decreases the activities of glutathione S-transferase, aminopyrine demethylase and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) .

HY-N7227

Anonaine	Alkaloids Annona crassiflora Mart. Quinoline Alkaloids Plants Annonaceae Source Classification	Glutathione S-transferase Parasite
Anonaine is an antiparasitic agent. Anonaine also is a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor .

HY-Y0337R

L-Cysteine (Standard) 1 Publications Verification Cysteine (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Cysteine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-N2620

Rutaevin	Other Terpenoids Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. Rutaceae Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Cytochrome P450
Rutaevin is an antifungal toxin and CYP3A4 inactivator. Rutaevin requires NADPH-dependent bioactivation to generate cis-but-2-ene-1,4-dial, which then covalently modifies and mechanism-based inactivates human CYP3A4 (IC₅₀=4.48 μM, K_i=15.98 μM), and interacts with substances such as glutathione. Rutaevin disrupts the cellular structure of Sirococcus conigenus, accumulates linearly in resistant larch after pathogen exposure, and induces liver toxicity in mice via oral administration. Rutaevin can be applied to research in fields related to larch shoot blight and other associated areas .

HY-125539

Roridin E	Structural Classification Productos naturales Microorganisms Source Classification	Antibiotic Phosphatase Fungal
Roridin E is a glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) inhibitor and antibiotic, and is a metabolic byproduct of Roridin A (HY-N9599). Roridin E induces significant oxidative stress, characterized by depletion of glutathione in vivo, induction of hepatic lipid peroxidation, and inhibition of renal superoxide dismutase activity. Roridin E reduces blood glucose levels in rats, but exhibits acute toxicity (which is enhanced when co-administered with linoleic acid (HY-N0729)) and causes hepatotoxicity in male albino mice. Roridin E induces a decrease in total blood protein and increases in the levels of total lipids, γ-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and 5'-nucleotidase. Roridin E can be isolated from molds, and possesses cytostatic and antifungal activities similar to those of Verrucarin A (HY-107426) and Roridin A. Roridin E exhibits in vivo activity in rodents and is commonly used in hepatotoxicity-related studies .

HY-D0844R

Glutathione oxidized (Standard) L-Glutathione oxidized (Standard); GSSG (Standard); Oxiglutatione (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Glutathione oxidized (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glutathione oxidized. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glutathione oxidized (L-Glutathione oxidized) is produced by the oxidation of glutathione. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is accompanied by production of glutathione oxidized. Glutathione oxidized can be used for the research of sickle cells and erythrocytes .

HY-P5069A

Glutathione diethyl ester TFA	Productos naturales Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Glutathione diethyl ester (TFA) is a delivery agent for glutathione monoester, and thus for glutathione, in human cells and therefore could serve to decrease oxidative stress and toxicity .

HY-118149A

(±)9-HpODE	Infection other families Classification of Application Fields Animals Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial Fungal Parasite
(±)9-HpODE is a long chain lipid hydroperoxide, is a product of linoleic acid peroxidation. (±)9-HpODE can induce oxidation of intracellular glutathione (GSH). (±)9-HpODE also exhibits antimicrobial activity against various fungal and bacterial pathogens .

HY-W010104R

L-Methionine sulfoxide (Standard) H-Met(O)-OH (Standard)	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
L-Methionine sulfoxide is an orally active oxidation product of Methionine (HY-N0326). L-Methionine sulfoxide can be partially converted into Methionine in the body and participate in the synthesis of glutathione in the liver. L-Methionine sulfoxide provides the body with sulfur activity and can participate in the synthesis of proteins and sulfur-containing compounds .

HY-76082R

L-Pyroglutamic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Immune System Disorder Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Cardiovascular System Disorder Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
L-Pyroglutamic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Pyroglutamic acid (HY-76082). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Pyroglutamic acid is the levo-isomer of Pyroglutamic acid. L-Pyroglutamic acid is the biologically active enantiomer in humans. Pyroglutamic acid is an intermediate in glutathione metabolism. L-Pyroglutamic acid standard can be used as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .

HY-N7436

Methyl propyl disulfide	Structural Classification Productos naturales Liliaceae Classification of Application Fields Allium cepa L. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Glutathione S-transferase
Methyl propyl disulfide is an orally administrable volatile sulfide present in onions. Methyl propyl disulfide reduces the activity of spermine N'1-acetyltransferase (SAT), inhibits cell proliferation, and decreases the induction of placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P)-positive hepatocyte foci in rat livers. Methyl propyl disulfide can be used in studies related to the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis .

HY-106784A

(E)-Ajoene	Productos naturales Allium sativum L. Plants Amaryllidaceae Source Classification	Fungal Apoptosis
(E)-Ajoene is a oxygenated ajoene and organosulfur compound, which can be acquired via allicin decomposing. The polysulfides from garlic can be converted by human red blood cells into hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and allyl glutathione. (E)-Ajoene has been proved to show neuroprotective effects against ischemic damage. (E)-Ajoene is orally active to inhibit lipid peroxidation. (E)-Ajoene increases the number of cresyl violet-positive neurons and decreases the number of reactive gliosis in the CA1 region .

Cat. No.	Nom du produit	Chemical Structure

HY-D0187S

*L-Glutathione* reduced-13C2,15N**
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutathione reduced. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-Y0337S5

L-Cysteine-d3
L-Cysteine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-Y0337S2

L-Cysteine-3-13C
L-Cysteine-3- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-Y0337S

L-Cysteine-13C3,15N 2 Publications Verification
L-Cysteine- ¹³C₃, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-D0844S

Glutathione oxidized-13C4,15N2 1 Publications Verification
Glutathione oxidized- ¹³C₄, ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Glutathione oxidized (HY-D0844). Glutathione oxidized is produced by the oxidation of glutathione. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is accompanied by production of glutathione oxidized. Glutathione oxidized can be used for the research of sickle cells and erythrocytes .

HY-150631S

Glutathione-glycine-13C2,15N trifluoroacetate
Glutathione-glycine- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N (trifluoroacetate) is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Glutathione-glycine trifluoroacetate .

HY-W745029A

*L-Glutathione* reduced-d5 ammonium**
L-Glutathione reduced-d₅ (GSH-d₅) ammonium is the deuterium labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced (GSH) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-76082S

L-Pyroglutamic acid-d5 1 Publications Verification
L-Pyroglutamic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Pyroglutamic acid (HY-76082). L-Pyroglutamic acid is the levo-isomer of Pyroglutamic acid. L-Pyroglutamic acid is the biologically active enantiomer in humans. Pyroglutamic acid is an intermediate in glutathione metabolism.

HY-Y0337S4

L-Cysteine-13C3 1 Publications Verification
L-Cysteine- ¹³C₃ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-W015490S

1,4-Naphthoquinone-d6

1,4-Naphthoquinone-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 1,4-Naphthoquinone. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is an inhibitor with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity targeting DNA polymerase, NF-κB and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A/B), with antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B (Ki=1.4 μM) and a non-competitive inhibitor of MAO-A (Ki=7.7 μM). 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits DNA polymerase pol α, β, γ, δ, ε, λ with IC₅₀ ranging from 5.57-128 μM. 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces apoptosis and necrosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione (GSH), inhibiting DNA polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis and blocking NF-κB nuclear translocation. 1,4-Naphthoquinone can be used in anti-bacterial , anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory studies, including inhibition of melanoma and colon cancer cell growth and endothelial cell function, as well as LPS-induced inflammation models .

HY-D0187S4

*L-Glutathione* reduced-13C**
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹³C (GSH- ¹³C; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine- ¹³C) is ¹³C-labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced is an endogenous antioxidant and oxygen free radical scavenger.

HY-W745029

*L-Glutathione* reduced-d5**
L-Glutathione reduced-d₅ (GSH-d₅; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine-d₅) is the deuterium labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.

HY-W015600S

2-Acetamidophenol-d3

2-Acetamidophenol-d₃ (Orthocetamol-d₃) is the deuterium labeled 2-Acetamidophenol (HY-W015600). 2-Acetamidophenol (Orthocetamol) is a regulator that targets ferroptosis and glutathione metabolic pathways, is the ortho-regioisomer of Paracetamol (HY-66005). 2-Acetamidophenol has anti-atherosclerotic activity, and inhibiting total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model with IC50s for 30 μM and 40 μM, respectively. 2-Acetamidophenol upregulates the expression of glutathione synthesis-related genes (such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS) and iron ion transport genes (such as FPN1, FTH), reduces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferrous ions (Fe2+), and enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase GPX4, thereby inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and foam cell formation .

HY-113446S

Leukotriene C4-d5
Leukotriene C4-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Leukotriene C4. Leukotriene C4 is the parent cysteinyl leukotriene produced by the LTC4 synthase catalyzed conjugation of glutathione to LTA4.

HY-Y0337S1

L-Cysteine-15N 1 Publications Verification
L-Cysteine- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-Y0337S3

L-Cysteine-1-13C
L-Cysteine-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-Y0337S6

L-Cysteine-d2 1 Publications Verification
L-Cysteine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-76082S1

L-Pyroglutamic acid-13C5

L-Pyroglutamic acid- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C labeled L-Pyroglutamic acid (HY-76082) . L-Pyroglutamic acid is the levo-isomer of Pyroglutamic acid. L-Pyroglutamic acid is the levo-isomer of Pyroglutamic acid. L-Pyroglutamic acid is the biologically active enantiomer in humans. Pyroglutamic acid is an intermediate in glutathione metabolism. L-Pyroglutamic acid can be used as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) .

HY-W742557

*Acetaminophen glutathione-d3 disodium*
Acetaminophen glutathione-d₃ disodium is the deuterium labeled Acetaminophen glutathione disodium.

HY-139965S

*4-hydroxy Nonenal Glutathione-d3 TFA*
4-hydroxy Nonenal Glutathione-d₃ (TFA) is the deuterium labeled 4-hydroxy Nonenal Glutathione (TFA) .

HY-W710753

*D,L-Sulforaphane glutathione-d5*
D,L-Sulforaphane glutathione-d₅ (DL-SFN-GSH-d₅) is deuterium labeled DL-Sulforaphane glutathione. DL-Sulforaphane glutathione (DL-SFN-GSH) is a metabolite of Sulforaphane (HY-13755) in rat plasma .

HY-144153S

*S-(1,2-Dichlorovinyl)glutathione-13C2,15N*
S-(1,2-Dichlorovinyl)glutathione- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled S-(1,2-Dichlorovinyl)glutathione .

HY-D0187S6

*L-Glutathione* reduced-15N**
L-Glutathione reduced- ¹⁵N (GSH- ¹⁵N; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine- ¹⁵N) is ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutathione reduced (HY-D0187). L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant that scavenges oxygen free radicals.

HY-167857S

Glutathione Disulfide-13C4,15N2
Glutathione Disulfide- ¹³C₄, ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled (Rac)-Glutipyran (HY-167857). (Rac)-Glutipyran is a broad-spectrum GLUT inhibitor that targets both GLUT1 and GLUT3. (Rac)-Glutipyran inhibits glucose uptake and suppresses the growth of multiple cancer cells, significantly inhibiting PANC-1 cell growth (IC₅₀=1.8 μM) and glucose uptake (IC₅₀=0.13 μM) .

HY-W100026S

Galaxolide-d6 (mixture of diastereomers) (>80%)
Galaxolide-d₆ (mixture of diastereomers) (>80%) is the deuterium labeled Galaxolide (HY-W100026). Galaxolide can induce estrogenic activity (Estrogen Receptor/ERR), trigger oxidative stress and genotoxicity, and induce EROD and GST (Glutathione S-transferase) enzyme activity .

HY-124104S

Aldicarb sulfoxide-d3
Aldicarb sulfoxide-d₃ is the deuterium labled Aldicarb sulfoxide (HY-124104). Aldicarb sulfoxide is a metabolite of Aldicarb. Aldicarb sulfoxide affects the glutathione-linked enzymes in CHO-K1 cells. Aldicarb sulfoxide inhibits cholinesterase (ChE) and carboxylesterase (CaE) with IC₅₀ of 10 μM for both in zebrafish .

HY-Y0337S7

L-Cysteine-d3,15N
L-Cysteine-d₃, ¹⁵N is the deuterium and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans .

HY-12542S

Dantrolene-13C3

Dantrolene- ¹³C₃ is the ¹³C₃ labeled Dantrolene. Dantrolene (F368), a muscle relaxant, non-competitively inhibits human erythrocyte glutathione reductase. Ki and IC50 values are 111.6 μM and 52.3 μM, respectively. Dantrolene is a ryanodine receptor antagonist and Ca2+ signaling stabilizer. Dantrolene can be used for the research of muscle spasticity, malignant hyperthermia, Huntington's disease and other neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

HY-W744265

NAPQI-d3

NAPQI-d₃ (N-Acetyl-4-benzoquinone Imine-d₃) is the deuterium labeled NAPQI (HY-W017464). NAPQI is the toxic metabolite of Acetaminophen (HY-66005). NAPQI is also an inhibitor of enzymes in the vitamin K cycle. NAPQI is rapidly detoxified by glutathione (GSH), but in situations of GSH deficiency, excess NAPQI reacts with cysteine residues in proteins, causing cell death and toxicity in the liver .

HY-W750959

L-Methionine sulfoxide-13C

L-Methionine sulfoxide- ¹³C (H-Met(O)-OH- ¹³C) is the ¹³C-labeled L-Methionine sulfoxide (HY-W010104). L-Methionine sulfoxide is an orally active oxidation product of Methionine (HY-N0326). L-Methionine sulfoxide can be partially converted into Methionine in the body and participate in the synthesis of glutathione in the liver. L-Methionine sulfoxide provides the body with sulfur activity and can participate in the synthesis of proteins and sulfur-containing compounds .

HY-W654296

Octocrylene-13C3

Octocrylene- ¹³C₃ is the ¹³C-labeled Octocrylene (HY-A0087). Octocrylene is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter that absorbs mainly UVB radiation and shorter UVA wavelengths. Octocrylene acts as a partial agonist of PPARγ, which alters the gene transcription profile of lipid metabolism enzymes. In addition, Octocrylene is cytotoxic and genotoxic to human skin fibroblasts and mediates the biosynthesis of estrogens such as estriol in zebrafish larvae, while affecting antioxidant pathways including glutathione transferase and peroxisomes .

HY-W013150S

Alpidem-d14

Alpidem-d₁₄ is the deuterium labeled Alpidem (HY-W013150) . Alpidem, an anxiolytic agent, is an orally active and brain-penetrant GABAA receptor ligand, binds to α1β2γ2 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (IC₅₀ of 17 nM) over α5β2γ2 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (IC₅₀ of >10 μM). Alpidem modulates calcium-induced mitochondrial permeability transition, induces glutathione depletion and hepatocyte necrosis, potentiates TNF-α toxicity, inhibits marble-burying and locomotor activity, enhances stressed rodent feeding behavior, and exerts anticonvulsant effects. Alpidem can be used for the research of anxiety, anxiety disorders, and convulsions.

HY-B1953S

Thiacloprid-d4

Thiacloprid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Thiacloprid. Thiacloprid is an orally active neurotoxic insecticide and also a nAChR agonist. Thiacloprid reduces the viability of healthy cells, depletes reduced glutathione, and increases MDA levels, thereby inducing cytotoxicity and oxidative stress damage. In practical applications, Thiacloprid has lower acute toxicity to honeybees than other compounds of the same class such as Imidacloprid (HY-B0838), but it still significantly impairs the learning and memory function, immune capacity and survival status of honeybees. Thiacloprid induces intestinal microbial dysbiosis and reduces survival rate in middle-aged honeybees, increases the risk of premature collapse in bumblebee colonies, and significantly decreases the final colony weight and reproductive output. Thiacloprid is used in broad-spectrum agricultural pest control, often alone or in combination with Deltamethrin (HY-B1971), and meets the pest management needs of various crops including potatoes, cabbages, various fruits and vegetables, and nuts .

HY-W015551S

trans-2-Decenal-d2

trans-2-Decenal-d₂ ((E)-Dec-2-enal-d₂) is deuterated labeled trans-2-Decenal (HY-W015551). trans-2-Decenal ((E)-Dec-2-enal) acts as a urease inhibitor and antibacterial agent against Helicobacter pylori, with an IC₅₀ of 9.484 μg/mL against Helicobacter pylori urease. trans-2-Decenal reduces the urease activity of Helicobacter pylori, and possesses antibacterial, bactericidal, anti-biofilm and anti-migratory activities. It alters the morphology of Helicobacter pylori, induces bacterial rupture, inhibits biofilm formation, reduces the number of mature biofilms and impairs the migratory capacity of Helicobacter pylori. trans-2-Decenal disrupts the cell wall integrity of Phytophthora capsici, damages membrane integrity and permeability, triggers intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, decreases glutathione levels and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential of Phytophthora capsici. trans-2-Decenal is applicable to studies related to Helicobacter pylori and plant diseases induced by and Phytophthora capsici .

HY-144403S

*S-(N-Methylcarbamoyl)glutathione-d3*
S-(N-Methylcarbamoyl)glutathione-d₃ is the deuterium labeled S-(N-Methylcarbamoyl)glutathione .

HY-169892S

*4-Hydroxy Nonenal Glutathione-d3*
4-Hydroxy Nonenal Glutathione-d₃ (4-HNE-GSH-d₃) is deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxy Nonenal Glutathione .

HY-W701870

*S-(2-Hydroxyethyl)glutathione-d4 hydrochloride*
S-(2-Hydroxyethyl)glutathione-d₄ hydrochloride (Glycine, L-γ-glutamyl-S-(2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteinyl-d₄) is the deuterium labeled S-(2-Hydroxyethyl)glutathione hydrochloride.

HY-124920S

Methiocarb-d3

Methiocarb-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Methiocarb (HY-124920). Methiocarb (Mercaptodimethur) is an orally active carbamate insecticide. Methiocarb exerts dose-dependent toxic effects on onions. In addition to inhibiting acetylcholinesterase to induce cholinergic excitation, Methiocarb can induce lipid peroxidation in liver, kidney, brain and testicular tissues and alter reduced glutathione levels by generating ROS. Methiocarb can be used for agricultural pest control and research on oxidative stress-related cellular damage in mammals .

HY-N0394S5

L-Cystine-13C6,15N2

L-Cystine- ¹³C₆, ¹⁵N₂ is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Cystine (HY-N0394). L-Cystine is an orally active extracellular form of L-Cysteine (HY-Y0337), occurring in proteins of plants and animals. L-Cystine elevates Nrf2 protein expression and activates Nrf2 transcription factor. L-cystine reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones.

Targets Recommended: Glutathione Reductase (GR) Glutathione Peroxidase Glutathione S-transferase Quinone Reductase 5 alpha Reductase Carbonyl Reductase Aldose Reductase TrxR Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) GSNOR VKOR

Cat. No.	Nom du produit	Target	Áreas de investigación	Chemical Structure

HY-B0356G

Ciprofloxacin Bay-09867	Bacterial Topoisomerase Akt β-catenin	Inflammation/Immunology
Ciprofloxacin GMP is Ciprofloxacin (HY-B0356) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. Ciprofloxacin exerts bactericidal effects primarily by inhibiting topoisomerase II and IV. Ciprofloxacin inhibits the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells and chondrocytes from young rats, and also activates the Akt signaling pathway and upregulates markers such as β-catenin and Nanog to maintain the morphological characteristics of stem cells. Ciprofloxacin induces significant neurotoxicity and tissue damage, including reducing serotonin and glutathione levels in the brain, inducing oxidative stress and depression-like behaviors, and causing articular cartilage damage. Ciprofloxacin can be applied to research related to infections of necrotic young permanent teeth and neurotoxicity .

HY-16658BG

Z-VAD-FMK	Caspase Apoptosis	Cancer
Z-VAD-FMK is a pan-caspase inhibitor and also an ICE-like protease inhibitor, which inhibits apoptosis by preventing the processing of CPP32 to its active form. Z-VAD-FMK sensitivity varies primarily due to differential expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1). Z-VAD-FMK limits the cryopreservation-induced apoptosis by reducing caspase-3 activity of in vitro produced bovine embryos. Z-VAD-FMK is immunosuppressive in vitro and inhibits T cell proliferation without blocking the processing of caspase-8 and caspase-3. Z-VAD-FMK leads to a decrease in intracellular glutathione (GSH) with a concomitant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in activated T cells. Z-VAD-FMK is due to oxidative stress via the depletion of GSH. Z-VAD-FMK can be used for the study of acute pancreatitis .

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