Ericaceae

Farrerol is a bioactive constituent of Rhododendron, with broad activities such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effects.

α-Arbutin (4-Hydroxyphenyl α-D-glucopyranoside) is a tyrosinase inhibitor, which is used as an effective skin whiteners. α-Arbutin is promising for research of various diseases such as hyperpigmentation disorders, types of cancers, central nervous system disorders, osteoporosis, diabetes.

Orcinol (3,5-Dihydroxytoluene) is an organic compound used in biological dyeing and proteomics research. Orcinol inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 cells by upregulating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, and suppresses the expression of MITF, tyrosinase (TYR), TRP1, and DCT. Orcinol exhibits certain DPPH radical scavenging activity. In addition, Orcinol can alter nitrogen balance in animals. Orcinol holds promise for research in cancer and metabolic diseases.

Ledol ((+)-Ledol) is an antifungal agent isolated from the volatile oil components of Rhododendron tomentosum. Ledol also acts as an expectorant and antitussive, while it can cause adverse reactions such as dizziness, nausea and vomiting.

trans-2-Decenal ((E)-Dec-2-enal) acts as a urease inhibitor and antibacterial agent against Helicobacter pylori, with an IC₅₀ of 9.484 μg/mL against Helicobacter pylori urease. trans-2-Decenal reduces the urease activity of Helicobacter pylori, and possesses antibacterial, bactericidal, anti-biofilm and anti-migratory activities. It alters the morphology of Helicobacter pylori, induces bacterial rupture, inhibits biofilm formation, reduces the number of mature biofilms and impairs the migratory capacity of Helicobacter pylori. trans-2-Decenal disrupts the cell wall integrity of Phytophthora capsici, damages membrane integrity and permeability, triggers intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, decreases glutathione levels and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential of Phytophthora capsici. trans-2-Decenal is applicable to studies related to Helicobacter pylori and plant diseases induced by and Phytophthora capsici.

5α,6α-Epoxysitosterol is a minor β-sitosterol oxidation product and 5,6-epoxy thermo-oxidation product of sitosterol .

12-Hydroxydehydroabietic acid is a diterpenoid found in the whole plant of Gaultheria yunnanensis. 12-Hydroxydehydroabietic acid weakly inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α production in LPS (HY-D1056)-induced macrophages.

O-(E)-p-Coumaroylquinic acid methyl ester is a coumaric acid derivative found in the flowers of Vaccinium corymbosum. O-(E)-p-Coumaroylquinic acid methyl ester shows antioxidant effects and can be used for nutraceutical and functional food applications.

Methyl orsellinate acts as an antiviral agent and insecticide. Methyl orsellinate exhibits enzyme inhibitory activity, with an IC₅₀ of 59.6 µM against porcine leukocyte 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX); it inhibits soybean 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), and shows weak inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Methyl orsellinate displays contact toxicity against adult Drosophila suzukii. Methyl orsellinate shows anti-HSV-1 activity. Methyl orsellinate can be used in studies related to *Drosophila suzukii* infestation and HSV-1 infection.

Noreugenin is a phenolic compound found in Calea uniflora Less. Noreugenin inhibits myeloperoxidase activity and reduces levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17A levels in LPS (HY-D1056)-induced murine pleurisy model. Noreugenin reduces apoptosis and necrosis. Noreugenin reduces lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD, GST) activity. Noreugenin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Noreugenin can be used for the research of inflammatory conditions, such as pleurisy.

Malvidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride ameliorates ethyl carbamate-induced oxidative damage by stimulating AMPK-mediated autophagy.

Myricetin 3-O-galactoside inhibits xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, lipid peroxidation and scavenges the free radical. Myricetin 3-O-galactoside inhibits lipid peroxidation with an IC₅₀ of 160 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity.

1,4-Cineole is an oxygenated monoterpene found in eucalyptus oil. 1,4-Cineole is a hTRPM8 and hTRPA1 agonist. 1,4-Cineole can increase intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration. 1,4-Cineole exhibits anti-anxiety and anti-depression effects. 1,4-Cineole can be used for the research of neurological disease, such as depression .

Rhodojaponin III is a diterpenoid from the leaves of Rhododendron molle with anti-inflammatory activity.

α-Arbutin (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Arbutin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Arbutin (4-Hydroxyphenyl α-D-glucopyranoside) is emerging as popular and effective skin whiteners, acting as tyrosinase inhibitor.

Peonidin 3,5-diglucoside is a classic anthocyanin isolated from violet flowers.

Peonidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride (Compound Ⅻ) is an anthocyanin that can be isolated from Vaccinium myrtillus L..

1,4-Cineole (Standard) is the analytical standard of 1,4-Cineole (HY-N7117). 1,4-Cineole is an oxygenated monoterpene found in eucalyptus oil. 1,4-Cineole is a hTRPM8 and hTRPA1 agonist. 1,4-Cineole can increase intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration. 1,4-Cineole exhibits anti-anxiety and anti-depression effects. 1,4-Cineole can be used for the research of neurological disease, such as depression .

Penduletin is a flavone, that can be isolated from Brickelia pendula and Vitex negundo. Penduletin shows anticancer activity. Penduletin induces apoptosis in the cancer cells through ROS generation.

Delphinidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride is an anthocyanin chloride compound. It is formed by combining Delphinidin (an anthocyanin with a natural purple color) with the 3-O-arabinoside group. Delphinidin-3-O-arabinoside can be isolated from Rhododendron and is in the form of furanose.