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  3. Environmental Pollutants Insecticide SOD Glutathione Peroxidase Carboxylesterase (CES)
  4. Spirotetramat

Spirotetramat (BY-108330) is an orally active Insecticide and lipid biosynthesis inhibitor. Spirotetramat regulates the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), with short-term exposure increasing their activities and long-term exposure altering their activities. Spirotetramat induces the activity and mRNA expression of carboxylesterase (CarE). Spirotetramat induces oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in tadpoles. Spirotetramat is toxic to amphibian tadpoles and exhibits sublethal/non-lethal toxicity to amphibians. Spirotetramat causes death in immature psyllids, aphids, scale insects, mealybugs, whiteflies and thrips, and shows a high lethal rate against Cacopsylla pyri nymphs. Spirotetramat reduces the fecundity of Aphis gossypii. Spirotetramat induces tolerance in the offspring of exposed Aphis gossypii, and acts on Myzus persicae, Bemisia tabaci and Tetranychus urticae.

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Spirotetramat

Spirotetramat Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 203313-25-1

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Other Forms of Spirotetramat:

Spirotetramat Related Antibodies

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Description

Spirotetramat (BY-108330) is an orally active Insecticide and lipid biosynthesis inhibitor. Spirotetramat regulates the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), with short-term exposure increasing their activities and long-term exposure altering their activities. Spirotetramat induces the activity and mRNA expression of carboxylesterase (CarE). Spirotetramat induces oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in tadpoles. Spirotetramat is toxic to amphibian tadpoles and exhibits sublethal/non-lethal toxicity to amphibians. Spirotetramat causes death in immature psyllids, aphids, scale insects, mealybugs, whiteflies and thrips, and shows a high lethal rate against Cacopsylla pyri nymphs. Spirotetramat reduces the fecundity of Aphis gossypii. Spirotetramat induces tolerance in the offspring of exposed Aphis gossypii, and acts on Myzus persicae, Bemisia tabaci and Tetranychus urticae[1][2][3].

In Vitro

Spirotetramat (0.48-120.0 mg AI liter-1; 10 days) exhibits potent activity against Cacopsylla pyri nymphs from FE1, FE2, FE3, and FE4 populations, with LC90 values ranging from 67.3 to 125.22 mg AI liter-1, and no strong indications of resistance development (all RF90 values <5)[2].
Spirotetramat (3.75-1920 mg/L; 1-5 days) exhibits increasing toxicity to 4-day old Aphis gossypii with longer exposure, reaching an LC50 of 12.3 mg/L after 5 days of exposure[3].
Spirotetramat (8 days) reduces fecundity of 4-day old Aphis gossypii in a concentration-dependent manner, with the LC75 concentration reducing offspring production to 6.7% of control levels on day 8 of exposure[3].
Spirotetramat (53.9 mg/L; 5 days) significantly increases carboxylesterase activity in Aphis gossypii over 5 days, reaching 3361 ΔOD min-1 mg-1 on day 5[3].
Spirotetramat (53.9 mg/L; 1-5 days) upregulates CarE-YS1 mRNA expression in Aphis gossypii in a time-dependent manner, reaching a 5.2-fold increase relative to control on day 5 of exposure[3].
Spirotetramat (53.9 mg/L; 5 days) leads to offspring of Aphis gossypii whose parents were exposed showing a 2.5-fold increase in tolerance to spirotetramat, with an LC50 of 28.4 mg/L compared to 11.6 mg/L in control offspring[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Spirotetramat Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Spirotetramat (4.00-8.00 mg/L; aquatic exposure; continuous; 96 h) exhibits moderate acute toxicity to Bufo bufo gargarizans tadpoles, with a 96 h LC50 of 6.45 mg/L, and toxicity increases with higher concentrations and longer exposure times[1].
Spirotetramat (0.03-3.23 mg/L; aquatic exposure; continuous; 4, 15, or 30 days) induces oxidative stress and alters lipid peroxidation in Bufo bufo gargarizans tadpoles, with GSH-Px activity being the most sensitive parameter, showing initial activation followed by prolonged inhibition[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Bufo bufo gargarizans (Gosner stages 33-35, healthy, same-size individuals)[1]
Dosage: 4.00 mg/L, 4.60 mg/L, 5.30 mg/L, 6.10 mg/L, 7.00 mg/L, 8.00 mg/L
Administration: aquatic exposure; continuous; 96 h
Result: Showed no mortality in the 4.00 mg/L and 4.60 mg/L groups over 96 h.
Recorded first mortality at 72 h in the 5.30 mg/L (2 deaths) and 6.10 mg/L (3 deaths) groups, increasing to 5 and 6 deaths, respectively, by 96 h.
Observed mortality as early as 24 h in the 7.00 mg/L (1 death) and 8.00 mg/L (1 death) groups, increasing to 22 and 29 deaths, respectively, by 96 h.
Determined the 72 h median lethal concentration (LC50) as 6.98 mg/L, and the 96 h LC50 as 6.45 mg/L.
Induced poisoning symptoms including slow swimming/breathing, reduced swimming ability, weak activity, and fading body color in tadpoles exposed to higher concentrations.
Animal Model: Bufo bufo gargarizans (Gosner stages 33-35, healthy, same-size individuals)[1]
Dosage: 0.03 mg/L, 0.06 mg/L, 0.13 mg/L, 0.65 mg/L, 3.23 mg/L
Administration: aquatic exposure; continuous; 4, 15, or 30 days
Result: Increased SOD activity significantly (P < 0.05) in all groups except the 3.23 mg/L group after 4 days of exposure compared to the control.
Decreased SOD activity significantly (P < 0.05) in the 0.65 mg/L group after 15 days compared to its 4-day value, with no significant differences between any treatment group and the control.
Showed no significant differences in SOD activity between treatment groups (except 0.65 mg/L) and the control after 30 days.
Increased GSH-Px activity significantly (P < 0.05) in the 0.06 mg/L, 0.13 mg/L, 0.65 mg/L, and 3.23 mg/L groups after 4 days of exposure compared to the control.
Inhibited and decreased GSH-Px activity significantly (P < 0.05) in all groups except the 0.13 mg/L group after 15 and 30 days compared to the control and 4-day values.
Showed no significant differences in MDA content between treatment groups and the control after 4 or 15 days.
Decreased MDA content significantly (P < 0.05) in the 0.13 mg/L, 0.65 mg/L, and 3.23 mg/L groups after 30 days compared to the control.
Molecular Weight

373.44

Formula

C21H27NO5
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to light brown

SMILES

O=C(OCC)OC1=C(C2=CC(C)=CC=C2C)C(N[C@]13CC[C@@H](OC)CC3)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Store at room temperature 3 years

In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (133.89 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.6778 mL 13.3890 mL 26.7781 mL
5 mM 0.5356 mL 2.6778 mL 5.3556 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (6.69 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.69 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
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Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.6778 mL 13.3890 mL 26.7781 mL 66.9452 mL
5 mM 0.5356 mL 2.6778 mL 5.3556 mL 13.3890 mL
10 mM 0.2678 mL 1.3389 mL 2.6778 mL 6.6945 mL
15 mM 0.1785 mL 0.8926 mL 1.7852 mL 4.4630 mL
20 mM 0.1339 mL 0.6695 mL 1.3389 mL 3.3473 mL
25 mM 0.1071 mL 0.5356 mL 1.0711 mL 2.6778 mL
30 mM 0.0893 mL 0.4463 mL 0.8926 mL 2.2315 mL
40 mM 0.0669 mL 0.3347 mL 0.6695 mL 1.6736 mL
50 mM 0.0536 mL 0.2678 mL 0.5356 mL 1.3389 mL
60 mM 0.0446 mL 0.2232 mL 0.4463 mL 1.1158 mL
80 mM 0.0335 mL 0.1674 mL 0.3347 mL 0.8368 mL
100 mM 0.0268 mL 0.1339 mL 0.2678 mL 0.6695 mL
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Spirotetramat Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Spirotetramat203313-25-1BY-108330BY108330BY 108330Environmental PollutantsInsecticideSODGlutathione PeroxidaseCarboxylesterase (CES)Environmental ContaminantsSuperoxide DismutaseCarboxylesteraseCarboxylic-ester HydrolaseAphis gossypiitadpolesCacopsylla pyriTetranychus urticaemalondialdehyde (MDA)Myzus persicaeBemisia tabaciacetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)superoxide dismutase (SOD)Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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