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Results for "

cell+membrane

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

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Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-D0815

Propidium Iodide 135+ Cited Publications	Fluorescent Dye DNA/RNA Synthesis	Others
Propidium Iodide (PI) is a nuclear staining agent that stains DNA. Propidium Iodide is an analogue of ethidine bromide that emits red fluorescence upon embedding in double-stranded DNA. Propidium Iodide cannot pass through living cell membranes, but it can pass through damaged cell membranes to stain the nucleus. Propidium Iodide has a fluorescence wavelength of 493/617 nm and a wavelength of 536/635 nm after Mosaic with DNA. Propidium Iodide is commonly used in the detection of apoptosis (apoptosis) or necrosis (necrosis), and is often used in flow cytometry analysis.

HY-17362

Vancomycin hydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 94 Publications Verification	Bacterial Autophagy Antibiotic	Infection Cancer
Vancomycin hydrochloride is an antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections. It acts by inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria. Vancomycin also alters the permeability of the cell membrane and selectively inhibits ribonucleic acid synthesis.

HY-D0079

Dihydroethidium 170+ Cited Publications Hydroethidine; PD-MY 003	Fluorescent Dye	Others
Dihydroethidium, also known as DHE, is a peroxide indicator. Dihydroethidium penetrates cell membranes to form a fluorescent protein complex with blue fluoresces. After entering the cells, Dihydroethidium is mainly localized in the cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, and the staining effect is the strongest in the nucleus. Dihydroethidium produces inherent blue fluorescence with a maximum excitation wavelength of 370 nm and a maximum emission wavelength of 420 nm; after dehydrogenation, Dihydroethidium combines with RNA or DNA to produce red fluorescence with a maximum excitation wavelength of 300 nm and a maximum emission wavelength of 610 nm. 535 nm can also be used as the excitation wavelength for actual observation .

HY-D0938

CFDA-SE 105+ Cited Publications CFSE; 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; 5(6)-CFDA N-succinmidyl ester	Fluorescent Dye	Others
CFDA-SE is a fluorescent dye that can penetrate the cell membrane. It can react with the free amine group in the cytoskeleton protein inside the cell, and finally form a protein complex with fluorescence. After entering the cell, CFDA-SE locates in the cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus, and the fluorescence staining is strongest in the nucleus . CFDA-SE dye can be uniformly inherited by the cells with cell division and proliferation, and its attenuation is proportional to the number of cell divisions. This phenomenon can be detected and analyzed by flow cytometry under the excitation light of 488 nm, and can be used to detect the proliferation of cells .

HY-A0089

Colistin sulfate 25+ Cited Publications Polymyxin E sulfate	Bacterial Autophagy Antibiotic	Infection
Colistin sulfate is a polypeptide antibiotic which inhibits gram-negative bacteria by binding to lipopolysaccharides and phospholipids in the outer cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria.

HY-D0041

Calcein-AM 80+ Cited Publications Calcein acetoxymethyl ester	Fluorescent Dye	Cancer
Calcein AM, has cell membrane permeability and can easily enter the cell. Calcein AM has no fluorescence and is hydrolyzed by endogenous esterase in the cell to produce polar molecule Calcein (Calcein), which has strong negative charge and cannot permeate the cell membrane. Calcein can emit strong green fluorescence, so it is often used with Propidium Iodide for cell viability/virulence detection, excitation/emission wavelength: 494/515 nm .

HY-B0739

Citicoline 4 Publications Verification Cytidine diphosphate-choline; CDP-Choline; Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase	Neurological Disease Cancer
Citicoline is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study .

HY-110256

N-Acetylcysteine amide 10+ Cited Publications	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
N-Acetylcysteine amide is a cell membranes and blood brain barrier permeant thiol antioxidant and neuroprotective agent, reduces ROS production.

HY-D2908

SYTO9	Fluorescent Dye	Others
SYTO9 is a green fluorescent nucleic acid dye (Ex = 485 nm, Em = 498 nm (DNA)/501 nm (RNA)). SYTO9 can penetrate the intact cell membrane of viable bacteria. When the cell membrane is damaged (cell death), its rate of entry into cells increases, and it competes with propidium iodide (PI) (HY-D0815), another membrane-impermeable dye, for nucleic acid binding sites. SYTO9 is widely used in fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and fluorometric assays in microbiology for bacterial counting, viability assessment, and cell imaging .

HY-101892

DiBAC4(3) 10+ Cited Publications	Fluorescent Dye	Others
DiBAC4(3) is a voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye (λ_ex=490 nm, λ_em=505 nm). DiBAC4(3) can be used to measure cell membrane potential.

HY-D0970

Diphenyl Blue 2 Publications Verification Direct Blue 14; Trypan Blue	Fluorescent Dye	Others
Diphenyl Blue (Trypan Blue) is a cell active dye, the most commonly used dye for the identification of dead cells, of en used to test cell membrane integrity and cell viability. Diphenyl Blue staining is one of the methods for tissue and cell culture. When cells are deactivated or have incomplete cell membranes, Diphenyl Blue can stain them Blue. Normal living cells with intact cell membranes reject Diphenyl blue and do not stain them blue. However, macrophages are capable of phagocytosis of Diphenyl Blue, so it can be used as a living stain for macrophages .

HY-101883

BCECF-AM	Fluorescent Dye	Others
BCECF-AM is a cell membrane permeable compound widely used as a fluorescent indicator for intracellular pH. BCECF-AM could diffuse through the cell membrane and intracellular esterase cleave the ester bond releasing BCECF (HY-101882). BCECF allows measurements in the physiological pH range 6.0-8.0. Excitation ratio: 490/440 nm; Emission intensity: 535 nm.

HY-B1248

Chlorhexidine 10+ Cited Publications	Environmental Pollutants Antibiotic Necroptosis Bacterial Apoptosis	Infection
Chlorhexidine is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) .

HY-B1776A

Spermidine hydrochloride 15+ Cited Publications	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Spermidine hydrochloride maintains cell membrane stability, increases antioxidant enzymes activities, improving photosystem II (PSII), and relevant gene expression. Spermidine hydrochloride significantly decreases the H₂O₂ and O₂ ^.- contents .

HY-W013699

Chlorhexidine diacetate 10+ Cited Publications	Environmental Pollutants Antibiotic Necroptosis Bacterial Apoptosis	Infection
Chlorhexidine diacetate is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine diacetate binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine diacetate has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine diacetate can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) .

HY-DY1036

Calcein-AM (solution)	Fluorescent Dye	Cancer
Calcein AM (solution) , has cell membrane permeability and can easily enter the cell. Calcein AM has no fluorescence and is hydrolyzed by endogenous esterase in the cell to produce polar molecule Calcein (Calcein) , which has strong negative charge and cannot permeate the cell membrane. Calcein can emit strong green fluorescence, so it is often used with Propidium Iodide for cell viability/virulence detection, excitation/emission wavelength: 494/515 nm . Solvent and concentration: DMSO: 2 mM

HY-10114

TGX-221 15+ Cited Publications	PI3K	Cancer
TGX-221 is a potent, selective, and cell membrane permeable inhibitor of the PI3K p110β catalytic subunit, used for cancer treatment.

HY-W588725A

N3-Cho bromide 1 Publications Verification Azido-choline bromide	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
N3-Cho (Azido-choline) bromide is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group that can be used in the synthesis of cell membrane structures .

HY-W749411

Malondialdehyde tetrabutylammonium	Biochemical Assay Reagents Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Malondialdehyde tetrabutylammonium is a quaternary ammonium salt formed by the decomposition of polyunsaturated fatty acids in plant cell membranes. Malondialdehyde tetrabutylammonium can be used for the quantification of malondialdehyde, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation .

HY-B0739A

Citicoline sodium 4 Publications Verification Cytidine diphosphate-choline sodium; CDP-Choline sodium; Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine sodium	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase	Neurological Disease Cancer
Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study .

HY-128206

I3MT-3 5 Publications Verification HMPSNE	Hippo (MST)	Metabolic Disease
I3MT-3 (HMPSNE) is a potent, selective, and cell-membrane permeable inhibitor of 3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST) (IC₅₀=2.7 μM). I3MT-3 is inactive for other H2S/sulfane sulfur-producing enzymes.?I3MT-3 targets a persulfurated cysteine residue located in the active site of 3MST .

HY-B1597

Cetalkonium chloride Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride	Bacterial	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Cetalkonium chloride is an ammonium antiseptic agent used in many topical agents for infections of mouth, throat and eye. Cetalkonium chloride acts as anti-inflammatory amphiphilic agent. Cetalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, that improves the precorneal residence time and bioavailability of drugs. Cetalkonium chloride interacts with the negative charges on the bacterial cell membrane, disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, causes leakage of cell contents and ultimately leading to bacterial death .

HY-B1145

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride 10+ Cited Publications	Environmental Pollutants Antibiotic Apoptosis Bacterial Necroptosis	Infection
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) .

HY-B0517

Mepivacaine 1 Publications Verification	Sodium Channel	Neurological Disease
Mepivacaine is an amide-type local anesthetic agent. Mepivacaine binds to specific voltage-gated sodium ion channels in neuronal cell membranes, which inhibits both sodium influx and membrane depolarization .

HY-101883A

BCECF Acetoxymethyl ester 5+ Cited Publications	Fluorescent Dye	Others
BCECF Acetoxymethyl ester is a cell membrane permeable compound widely-used as a fluorescent indicator for intracellular pH. BCECF Acetoxymethyl ester could diffuse through the cell membrane and intracellular esterase cleave the ester bond releasing BCECF (HY-101882). BCECF allows measurements in the physiological pH range 6.0-8.0. Excitation ratio: 490/440 nm; Emission intensity: 535 nm .

HY-B0517A

Mepivacaine hydrochloride 1 Publications Verification	Sodium Channel	Neurological Disease
Mepivacaine hydrochloride binds to specific voltage-gated sodium ion channels in neuronal cell membranes, which inhibits both sodium influx and membrane depolarization .

HY-107723

CGP71683 hydrochloride CGP71683A	Neuropeptide Y Receptor	Neurological Disease Endocrinology
CGP71683 hydrochloride is a competitive neuropeptide Y5 receptor antagonist with a K_i of 1.3 nM, and shows no obvious activity at Y1 receptor (K_i, >4000 nM) and Y2 receptor (K_i, 200 nM) in cell membranes.

HY-A0248B

Polymyxin B2	Antibiotic Bacterial	Infection
Polymyxin B2 is a polypeptide antibiotic that has antibacterial activity, particularly against gram-negative bacteria. Polymyxin B2 kills the bacteria by binding to lipopolysaccharide molecules on the bacterial cell membrane, disrupting the integrity of the cell membrane and causing the cell contents to leak. Polymyxin B2 can be used in antibiotic development and treatment of drug-resistant strains .

HY-108004

Decamethoxine Septefril; Decametoxin	Bacterial Fungal	Infection
Decamethoxine (Septefril) is a cationic gemini surfactant. Decamethoxine exhibits strong bactericidal and fungicidal effects. Decamethoxine modifies the permeability of the microbial cell membrane, resulting in the destruction and death of diverse microorganisms .

HY-134665

NITD-2	Flavivirus Dengue Virus DNA/RNA Synthesis	Infection
NITD-2, a dengue virus (DENV) polymerase inhibitor, inhibits the DENV RdRp-mediated RNA elongation. NITD-2 penetrates cell membrane poorly .

HY-101336

RS 17053 hydrochloride RS-17053	Adrenergic Receptor	Metabolic Disease Endocrinology
RS 17053 hydrochloride is a potent and selective α1_A adrenoceptor antagonist, with a pK_i value of 9.1 in native cell membrane and a pA₂ value of 9.8 in functional assays.

HY-W008884

25-NBD Cholesterol	Bacterial	Others
25-NBD Cholesterol is a fluorescently labeled form of cholesterol that facilitates the distinction between exogenous and endogenous cholesterol within bacterial cell membranes, emitting green fluorescence signals.

HY-143896

STING agonist-7	STING	Cancer
STING agonist-7 is a non-nucleotide STING agonist. STING agonist-7 binds selectively to mouse STING but not human STING. STING agonist-7 penetrates cell membrane poorly .

HY-121872

DP-b99	MMP	Neurological Disease
DP-b99 is a chelator of zinc and calcium ions that acts selectively within cell membranes and has neuroprotective properties in animal models of stroke.

HY-N8633

1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
1-Stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoinositol is an endogenous metabolite that is a cell membrane component .

HY-171158

Glycerophosphoglycerol	Liposome	Cancer
Glycerophosphoglycerol is a precursor for phospholipid biosynthesis. Glycerophosphoglycerol supports tumor cell membrane reconstruction and proliferation by promoting phospholipid synthesis. Glycerophosphoglycerol is promising for research of breast cancers .

HY-P10103

Smac-N7 peptide	Caspase	Cancer
Smac-N7 peptide, the seven N-terminal amino acid of the mitochondrial protein Smac (second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase), cannot pass through the cell membrane .

HY-107335

Aplodan Creatinol O-phosphate; Creatinol phosphate; Creatinolfosfate	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Cardiovascular Disease
Aplodan (Creatinol O-phosphate) is an antiischemic and antiarrhythmic agent. Aplodan has a protective action on cell membrane. Aplodan has the potential for the research of ischemic heart or acute myocardial infarction .

HY-103658

Myramistin Miramistin	Bacterial	Infection
Myramistin (Miramistin) is an antibacterial agent targeting bacterial cell membrane. Myramistin can bind to the negatively charged surface of bacteria through its cationic properties, disrupt the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane, inhibit bacterial metabolism and growth, and induce cell death, thus exerting antibacterial activity .

HY-B1145S

Chlorhexidine-d8 dihydrochloride	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Antibiotic Bacterial Necroptosis Apoptosis	Infection
Chlorhexidine-d₈ (dihydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (HY-B1145). Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) .

HY-110240

IHR-1	Smo	Others
IHR-1 is a cell membrane impermeable Smo antagonist .

HY-W590676

Tetramyristoylcardiolipin diammonium TMCL diammonium	Liposome	Others
Tetramyristoylcardiolipin (TMCL) is an anionic lipid. Tetramyristoylcardiolipin can be used to study cell membrane function and drug delivery .

HY-131058

Muscotoxin A	ADC Payload	Cancer
Muscotoxin A is an ADC cytotoxin. Muscotoxin A is a cytotoxic lipopeptide that permeabilizes mammalian cell membranes and induces necrotic cell death .

HY-135745

Sulfentrazone	Environmental Pollutants Herbicide	Others
Sulfentrazone is a phenyl triazolinone herbicide used for control of certain broadleaf and grass weed species. Sulfentrazone inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase, resulting in the disruption of lipid cell membranes .

HY-D1074

DiOC3(3) 3,3'-Dipropyloxacarbocyanine iodide	Fluorescent Dye	Others
DiOC3(3) (3,3'-Dipropyloxacarbocyanine iodide) is a green fluorescent lipophilic dye with cell membrane permeability. DiOC3(3) can be used to stain cell membranes and other lipid-soluble biological structures .

HY-159666

Nystatin A1	Antibiotic Fungal	Infection
Nystatin A1 is a polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic that can be isolated from Streptomyces noursei. Nystatin A1 binds to ergosterol on the fungal cell membrane, increasing the permeability of the cell membrane and causing leakage of cell contents, thereby inhibiting the growth and reproduction of fungi .

HY-171796

Bromomonilicin	Fungal	Infection
Bromomonilicin is a selective fungal cell membrane inhibitor. Bromomonilicin exerts antifungal activity by disrupting fungal cell membrane integrity. Bromomonilicin is promising for research of plant pathogenic fungal infections (e.g., Monilinia fructicola-induced brown rot) and superficial mycoses (e.g., dermatophyte infections) .

HY-156252

Antifungal agent 75	Fungal	Infection
Antifungal agent 75 (compound 6r) is a potent antifungal agent against Candida albicans. Antifungal agent 75 significantly inhibits the formation of C. albicans biofilm, increases the permeability of the cell membrane, reduces the ergosterol level of the cell membrane, damages the membrane structure, and destroys the integrity of the cell structure to exert excellent antifungal activity .

HY-105048A

Omiganan pentahydrochloride	Bacterial	Infection
Omiganan pentahydrochloride is a cationic peptide compound with a broad antibacterial profile. Omiganan pentahydrochloride is capable of inhibiting a variety of bacteria, including yeast, and is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Omiganan pentahydrochloride is able to interact with the bacterial cell membrane, causing the destruction of the cell membrane and the death of the bacteria. Omiganan pentahydrochloride can be used for the study of antimicrobial activity against pathogens commonly associated with catheter-associated infections, including strains with drug-resistant phenotypes .

HY-B1248A

Chlorhexidine acetate hydrate	Antibiotic Bacterial Necroptosis Apoptosis	Infection
Chlorhexidine acetate hydrate is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine acetate hydrate binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine acetate hydrate has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine acetate hydrate can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-17362

Vancomycin hydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 94 Publications Verification	Plant Cell Culture Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Phenols Polyphenols Antibacterial Disease Research Disease Research Fields Other Antibiotics Source Classification Cancer	Bacterial Autophagy Antibiotic
Vancomycin hydrochloride is an antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections. It acts by inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria. Vancomycin also alters the permeability of the cell membrane and selectively inhibits ribonucleic acid synthesis.

HY-B1776

Spermidine 15+ Cited Publications	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Spermidine maintains cell membrane stability, increases antioxidant enzymes activities, improving photosystem II (PSII), and relevant gene expression. Spermidine significantly decreases the H₂O₂ and O₂ ^.- contents .

HY-A0089

Colistin sulfate 25+ Cited Publications Polymyxin E sulfate	Infection Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Animal Husbandry Antibacterial Disease Research Disease Research Fields Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Bacterial Autophagy Antibiotic
Colistin sulfate is a polypeptide antibiotic which inhibits gram-negative bacteria by binding to lipopolysaccharides and phospholipids in the outer cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria.

HY-113498

Sphingomyelin 1 Publications Verification	Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Sphingomyelin is a eukaryotic sphingolipid and one of the major constituents of cell membranes and particularly abundant in the myelin sheath that surrounds neuronal axons. Sphingomyelin plays an important role in cell processes, the regulation of inflammatory responses, and signal transduction. Sphingomyelin metabolism is associated with various central nervous system diseases and Niemann–Pick disease .

HY-B0739

Citicoline 4 Publications Verification Cytidine diphosphate-choline; CDP-Choline; Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine	Alkaloids Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms other families Animals Other Alkaloids Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase
Citicoline is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study .

HY-N6708

Alamethicin 2 Publications Verification	Infection Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Mammalian Cell Culture Antibacterial Disease Research Disease Research Fields Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Antibiotic Bacterial
Alamethicin is a linear 20-amino acid antibiotic, which can induce voltage-gated conductance in model and cell membranes. Alamethicin exhibits antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, but not Gram-negative bacteria. Alamethicin can form an amphipathic α-helical structure in biological membranes .

HY-P1902

Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) 5+ Cited Publications	Cardiovascular Disease Natural Products Animals Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis
Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) is a membrane active peptide that specifically targets negatively charged phospholipid membranes (such as phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol). Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) was discovered in the venom of the Taiwan cobra. Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) is a chemically synthesized snake venom cardiotoxin that binds to cell membranes and embeds into lipid bilayers through hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic attraction, thereby destroying the stability of membrane structure. Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) can induce membrane lipid disorder and cell lysis, exhibiting hemolysis and cytotoxicity .

HY-B1776A

Spermidine hydrochloride 15+ Cited Publications	Natural Products other families Animals Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Spermidine hydrochloride maintains cell membrane stability, increases antioxidant enzymes activities, improving photosystem II (PSII), and relevant gene expression. Spermidine hydrochloride significantly decreases the H₂O₂ and O₂ ^.- contents .

HY-113217

Cholesteryl oleate 1 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Steroids Source Classification	Liposome Endogenous Metabolite
Cholesteryl oleate is an ester compound formed from Cholesterol (HY-N0322) and Oleic acid (HY-N1446), which is involved in lipid transport, storage and cell membrane formation in living organisms. Cholesteryl oleate may serve as a potential biomarker for prostate cancer. Cholesteryl oleate can also prepare cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for efficient gene silencing .

HY-N10546

Ganglioside GM1	Structural Classification Natural Products Animals	iGluR Trk Receptor ERK Apoptosis Autophagy
Ganglioside GM1 is a type of glycosphingolipid, mainly found on the cell membranes of the central nervous system of vertebrates. Ganglioside GM1 exerts neuroprotective effects by reducing excessive activation of NMDAR, activating TrkA and ERK1/2, and inhibiting oxidative stress and cell apoptosis and autophagy. Ganglioside GM1 can be used in the research of diseases such as traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease .

HY-W012382

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Monophenols Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Phenols Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer .

HY-135416

Streptolysin O 2 Publications Verification	Infection Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .

HY-W018643

Ferulic acid methyl ester 1 Publications Verification Methyl ferulate	Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Neurological Disease Simple Phenylpropanols Stemonaceae Phenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Disease Research Fields Stemona tuberosa Lour. Cancer Source Classification	p38 MAPK Autophagy
Ferulic acid methyl ester (Methyl ferulate) is a derivative of ferulic acid, isolated from Stemona tuberosa, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties . Ferulic acid methyl ester is a cell membrane and brain permeable compound, shows free radical scavenging ability, used in the research of neurodegenerative disorders . Ferulic acid methyl ester inhibits COX-2 expression, blocks p-p38 and p-JNK in primary bone marrow derived-macrophages .

HY-D0889

Glycylglycine 1 Publications Verification Gly-Gly; H-Gly-Gly-OH	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Glycylglycine is a non-selective glycylglycine dipeptidase substrate and iNOS inhibitor. Glycylglycine can cross the cell membrane by passive diffusion and is hydrolyzed to glycine in the cell, participating in energy metabolism and antioxidant processes. Glycylglycine promotes spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) proliferation, inhibits astrocyte overactivation and reduces nitric oxide (NO) release, while upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors (such as PDGFA, FGF2, CNTF) to support nerve myelin repair. Glycylglycine can be used to study male reproductive biology (such as SSCs proliferation regulation) and neurodegenerative diseases (such as neuroprotective mechanisms in multiple sclerosis) .

HY-I1070

D-Isoleucine (R)-Isoleucine	Microorganisms Source Classification	ASCT
D-Isoleucine is a selective competitive activator of the Asc-1 antiporter (Ki=0.98 mM). D-Isoleucine promotes the release of D-serine and glycine by binding to the Asc-1 protein on the neuronal cell membrane, and enhances NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity. D-Isoleucine can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia). D-Isoleucine also acts as a non-classical D-amino acid, interferes with bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis, and inhibits the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm, and has potential antibacterial application value[1][2].

HY-B1228

Ribostamycin sulfate 1 Publications Verification Vistamycin sulfate	Infection Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Resistance Selection Antibacterial Disease Research Disease Research Fields Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Antibiotic PDI
Ribostamycin sulfate (Vistamycin sulfate) is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside Antibiotic with bactericidal activity against Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative cocci, bacilli, and drug-resistant strains. Ribostamycin sulfate also acts as an inhibitor of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), with a binding constant K_D of 319 μM for bovine PDI. Ribostamycin sulfate targets bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA and the 30S ribosomal subunit, causing translational misreading and thereby inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Ribostamycin sulfate disrupts the integrity of bacterial cell membranes, induces membrane pore formation, and leads to bacterial death. Ribostamycin sulfate can be used in studies related to bacterial infections .

HY-B0739A

Citicoline sodium 4 Publications Verification Cytidine diphosphate-choline sodium; CDP-Choline sodium; Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine sodium	Alkaloids Structural Classification Microorganisms other families Animals Other Alkaloids Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase
Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study .

HY-N8015

Octanal 1 Publications Verification	Infection Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite Fungal Bacterial
Octanal is a fragrant aldehyde with antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Its antifungal effect against G. citri-aurantii may be related to the disruption of cell membrane integrity and the leakage of cellular components. Additionally, Octanal exhibits cytotoxicity towards HeLa cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 3.5 μg/mL .

HY-B1513

α-Cyclodextrin 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Zea mays L. Polysaccharides Classification of Application Fields Gramineae Other Diseases Plants Disease Research Fields Saccharides Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants SARS-CoV Microtubule/Tubulin
α-Cyclodextrin (α-CD) is a soluble fiber derived from corn. α-Cyclodextrin can deplete sphingolipids and phospholipids from cell membranes. α-Cyclodextrin interacts with tubulin. α-Cyclodextrin improves defenses against SARS-CoV-2 infection. α-Cyclodextrin enhances the anticancer efficacy of Crcumin (HY-N0005) against breast, lung and cervical cancer. α-Cyclodextrin has beneficial effects on body weight and blood lipids .

HY-P1902A

Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) TFA 5+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Pyrrole Alkaloids Animals Other Diseases Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis
Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) TFA is a membrane active peptide that specifically targets negatively charged phospholipid membranes (such as phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol). Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) TFA was discovered in the venom of the Taiwan cobra. Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) TFA is a chemically synthesized snake venom cardiotoxin that binds to cell membranes and embeds into lipid bilayers through hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic attraction, thereby destroying the stability of membrane structure. Cardiotoxin Analog (CTX) IV (6-12) TFA can induce membrane lipid disorder and cell lysis, exhibiting hemolysis and cytotoxicity .

HY-N16308

ER-Laurdan	Structural Classification Lipid	Fluorescent Dye
ER-Laurdan is a derivative of the membrane-permeable fluorescent probe Laurdan (HY-D0080) that targets the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). As a membrane fluidity reporter, ER-Laurdan specifically localizes to the ER luminal membrane, and exhibits a prominent solvatochromic response to fluidity changes caused by membrane packing and exogenous saturated fatty acid stress. ER-Laurdan shows no overlapping localization with mitochondria, enables quantitative analysis of ER membrane fluidity via generalized polarization ratio measurement, and allows automatic signal masking with the help of ER markers. With high specificity and quantitative capability, ER-Laurdan serves as an important tool for investigating metabolic disorders and associated changes in the physical properties of cell membranes .

HY-105088

Pexiganan MSI 78 free base	Infection Structural Classification Natural Products Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial
Pexiganan (MSI 78) is an orally active antimicrobial peptide with broad-spectrum bactericidal. Pexiganan disrupts bacterial cell membranes, induces peptidoglycan damage and cell lysis. Pexiganan TFA can be used for the research of bacterial infection .

HY-B1776R

Spermidine (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Spermidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Spermidine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Spermidine maintains cell membrane stability, increases antioxidant enzymes activities, improving photosystem II (PSII), and relevant gene expression. Spermidine significantly decreases the H2O2 and O2.- contents .

HY-113410

3-Methylglutaric acid	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cardiovascular System Disorder Source Classification	Na+/K+ ATPase Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-N9459

2-Amino-2-deoxyglucose hydrochloride D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride	Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Disease Research Fields Saccharides Source Classification	GLUT
2-Amino-2-deoxyglucose hydrochloride (D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride) is a glucose analog that is specifically recognized and transported by the cell membrane GLUT1. 2-Amino-2-deoxyglucose hydrochloride acts as a tumor-targeting ligand and a guiding molecule for the synthesis of prodrug conjugates, thus delivering drugs precisely to tumor cells. 2-Amino-2-deoxyglucose hydrochloride is applicable to diagnostic imaging and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of solid tumors and various cancers (e.g., breast cancer, glioblastoma). 2-Amino-2-deoxyglucose hydrochloride also helps bacteria resist lysozyme digestion by integrating into the non-N-acetylated residues of Streptococcus pneumoniae peptidoglycan. 2-Amino-2-deoxyglucose hydrochloride is used in studies on tumor metabolism and the exploration of bacterial drug resistance mechanisms .

HY-A0089R

Colistin sulfate (Standard) Polymyxin E sulfate (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Antibiotics Animal Husbandry Antibacterial Disease Research Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Reference Standards Bacterial Autophagy Antibiotic
Colistin (sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Colistin (sulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Colistin sulfate is a polypeptide antibiotic which inhibits gram-negative bacteria by binding to lipopolysaccharides and phospholipids in the outer cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria.

HY-116003

12,13-DiHOME	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
12,13-DiHOME is a stimulator of Brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as a thermogenic lipokine that activates BAT in response to cold. (±)12,13-DiHOME activates BAT fuel uptake and enhances cold tolerance, via promoting the translocation of the FA transporters FATP1 and CD36 to the cell membrane. (±)12,13-DiHOME can be used for research of metabolic disorders .

HY-N7719

Oosporein	Quinones Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Benzene Quinones Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Fungal Parasite Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase HSV
Oosporein is a microbial metabolite and a red crystalline toxin produced by various fungi. Oosporein can promote the reproduction of fungi in host bodies by inhibiting insect immunity, and possesses multiple activities such as antibacterial, antiviral (HSV), and insecticidal effects. Oosporein can inhibit plant growth. In addition, Oosporein can also induce apoptosis, cell membrane damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage. Oosporein has certain antitumor activity .

HY-121447

Heneicosanoic acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Heneicosanoic acid is an odd-chain saturated fatty acid widely present in human milk, fish, seeds, and cerebrosides in the cell membranes of the nervous system. Heneicosanoic acid can form Langmuir monolayers and is often used as a model to study lipid self-assembly and disassembly processes in biological membranes and drug delivery systems. In the low-temperature L'2 and CS crystalline phases, Heneicosanoic acid undergoes local oscillations, which in turn drive the spontaneous formation and expulsion of micelles and vesicles .

HY-N5112A

β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin 3 Publications Verification Arnebin 1	Quinones Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Other Diseases Plants Naphthalene Quinones Pteris livida Mett. Disease Research Fields	FGFR Necroptosis Apoptosis CDK JNK
β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin (Arnebin 1) is an orally active FGFR1 inhibitor (IC₅₀=2.5 μM) and the main active component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon. β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin blocks downstream signaling by binding to the ATP pocket of FGFR1, and regulates the CDK1/Cdc25C pathway and ROS-JNK axis, thereby inducing G2/M phase arrest, necrosis and apoptosis in cancer cells, and inhibiting tumor proliferation. β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin also acts as a colistin adjuvant to disrupt the cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin exhibits significant tumor-inhibitory effects with no obvious toxicity in PDX models, but chronic exposure to high doses may alter the relative lung/liver weights of rats, while acute exposure to high doses causes responses such as reduced motor activity. β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin finds wide application in studies related to hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, colistin-resistant bacterial infections, hepatitis and psoriasis .

HY-17362R

Vancomycin hydrochloride (Standard)	Structural Classification Plant Cell Culture Microorganisms Antibiotics Phenols Polyphenols Antibacterial Disease Research Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Reference Standards Bacterial Autophagy Antibiotic
Vancomycin (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Vancomycin (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Vancomycin hydrochloride is an antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections. It acts by inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria. Vancomycin also alters the permeability of the cell membrane and selectively inhibits ribonucleic acid synthesis.

HY-B0757A

(±)-α-Tocopherol nicotinate rel-Vitamin E Nicotinate	Cardiovascular Disease Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Pyridine Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Endogenous Metabolite
(±)-α-Tocopherol nicotinate, vitamin E - nicotinate, is an orally active fat-soluble antioxidant that prevents lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. (±)-α-Tocopherol nicotinate is hydrolysed in the blood to α -tocopherol and niacin and may be used in studies of related vascular diseases .

HY-126359

1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine SLPC; 18:0-18:2 PC	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Lipid Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (SLPC; 18:0-18:2 PC) is an endogenous phospholipid marker molecule in the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway. 1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a core component of the phospholipid bilayer of biological membranes and a key responsive lipid for radiation injury and cardiometabolic diseases. 1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine constitutes the phospholipid bilayers of cell membranes and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and regulates the core activity of lipoprotein functional homeostasis. The content of 1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in mouse serum shows a significant dose-dependent decrease with increasing ionizing radiation dose, and its level in human HDL also decreases significantly in metabolic syndrome. 1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine can serve as a biological dosimeter marker for ionizing radiation injury, and is used for rapid and accurate assessment of radiation absorbed dose in exposed individuals. 1-Stearoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine can also act as a lipidomics research target for cardiometabolic diseases such as lipid metabolic syndrome and early-onset coronary heart disease .

HY-135416A

Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg) 1 Publications Verification	Infection Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
Streptolysin O (≥1000000 units/mg) is a ≥1000000 units/mg Streptolysin O (HY-135416). Streptolysin O, a group A streptococcal toxin, is a well-characterized oxygen-labile prototype of a cholesterol-binding bacterial exotoxin. Streptolysin O causes both lysis of cells and cardiotoxicity. Streptolysin O is widely used for the controlled permeabilization of cell membranes. Streptolysin O exists in two forms, a reduced active state and an oxidized reversibly inactive state .

HY-N5034R

Phosphorylethanolamine (Standard) Monoaminoethyl phosphate (Standard); NSC 254167 (Standard); O-Phosphoethanolamine (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Disease markers Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Phosphorylethanolamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phosphorylethanolamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phosphorylethanolamine (Monoaminoethyl phosphate) is present in most animal tissues and is also present in various human extracranial tumors. Phosphorylethanolamine is considered as the intermediate product of phospholipid metabolism. Phosphorylethanolamine is essential for the formation and maintenance of the cell membrane .

HY-D0889R

Glycylglycine (Standard) Gly-Gly (Standard); H-Gly-Gly-OH (Standard)	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Glycylglycine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glycylglycine (HY-D0889). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glycylglycine is a non-selective glycylglycine dipeptidase substrate and iNOS inhibitor. Glycylglycine can cross the cell membrane by passive diffusion and is hydrolyzed to glycine in the cell, participating in energy metabolism and antioxidant processes. Glycylglycine promotes spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) proliferation, inhibits astrocyte overactivation and reduces nitric oxide (NO) release, while upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors (such as PDGFA, FGF2, CNTF) to support nerve myelin repair. Glycylglycine can be used to study male reproductive biology (such as SSCs proliferation regulation) and neurodegenerative diseases (such as neuroprotective mechanisms in multiple sclerosis) .

HY-N15841

C25 Ceramide (d18:1/25:0)	Structural Classification Lipid	Ceramidase
C25 Ceramide (d18:1/25:0) is an endogenous ultra-long-chain ceramide that antagonizes the detrimental effects of long-chain ceramides on insulin sensitivity. C25 Ceramide (d18:1/25:0) is specifically enriched in oxidative skeletal muscle fibers, where it serves dual roles in providing structural support to cell membranes and regulating cellular signaling. By participating in the regulation of lipid homeostasis within muscle fibers, C25 Ceramide (d18:1/25:0) helps maintain normal insulin signaling. C25 Ceramide (d18:1/25:0) is primarily utilized in research concerning metabolic diseases—particularly in mechanistic studies investigating the muscle fiber type-specific aspects of insulin resistance .

HY-N1989

Bacoside A	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Scrophulariaceae Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. Source Classification	Na+/K+ ATPase CaMK Apoptosis Cholinesterase (ChE) NO Synthase NF-κB
Bacoside A is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable triterpenoid saponin that modulates the activities of ATPases, AChE, CaMK2A and iNOS. Derived from Bacopa monniera. Bacoside A exerts significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by maintaining ion balance, scavenging reactive oxygen species, stabilizing cell membranes, and regulating the expression of NF-κB and apoptosis-related proteins. Bacoside A counteracts morphine-induced reductions in Na ⁺/K ⁺-ATPase, Ca ²⁺-ATPase and Mg ²⁺-ATPase activities, increases mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreases intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Bacoside A specifically binds to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIA to trigger endoplasmic reticulum calcium release. Bacoside A exhibits non-apoptotic cytotoxicity against glioblastoma cells while protecting normal nerve cells from stress-induced damage. Bacoside A is applicable to the research of Parkinson's disease and glioblastoma multiforme .

HY-B0739AR

Citicoline sodium (Standard) Cytidine diphosphate-choline sodium (Standard); CDP-Choline sodium (Standard); Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine sodium (Standard)	Alkaloids Structural Classification Microorganisms other families Animals Other Alkaloids Plants Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase
Citicoline sodium (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citicoline sodium. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.

HY-N7719R

Oosporein (Standard)	Quinones Microorganisms Benzene Quinones Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards Bacterial Fungal Parasite Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase HSV
Oosporein (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oosporein (HY-N7719). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oosporein is a microbial metabolite and a red crystalline toxin produced by various fungi. Oosporein can promote the reproduction of fungi in host bodies by inhibiting insect immunity, and possesses multiple activities such as antibacterial, antiviral (HSV), and insecticidal effects. Oosporein can inhibit plant growth. In addition, Oosporein can also induce apoptosis, cell membrane damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage. Oosporein has certain antitumor activity .

HY-N2891

Aristolactam A II Aristololactam A II	Piper longum Linn. Structural Classification Alkaloids Pyrrole Alkaloids Piperaceae Plants Source Classification	Parasite COX
Aristolactam A II (Aristololactam A II) is a weak COX inhibitor with cytotoxic and anti-plasmodial activities. Aristolactam A II exhibits inhibitory activity against Chloroquine (HY-17589A)-sensitive strains, and exerts its inhibitory effect on Plasmodium falciparum growth by inducing cell membrane damage marked by LDH release. Aristolactam A II can be applied to the research of malaria-related mechanisms .

HY-W134163

(E)-2-Octenal trans-2-Octenal	Structural Classification Natural Products Vitis vinifera cv. Zalema Plants Vitaceae Source Classification	Fungal Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism Phosphatase Pyruvate Kinase
(E)-2-Octenal is an Antifungal agent. (E)-2-Octenal disrupts cell membrane integrity and causes ROS accumulation. (E)-2-Octenal decreases the activities of phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase. (E)-2-Octenal inhibits Neofusicoccum parvum growth by disrupting mitochondrial energy metabolism. (E)-2-Octenal suppresses the growth of a Prochloraz (HY-B0845)-resistant Penicillium italicum strain. (E)-2-octenal exerts a broad-spectrum and potent inhibitory effect on various fungi, including Sclerotium rolfsii, Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato, and Aspergillus flavus, etc. (E)-2-Octenal can be used for the research of citrus blue mold and mango stem-end rot .

HY-W012382R

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Monophenols Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Phenols Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (Standard) is the analytical standard of N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (HY-W012382). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer .

HY-N15548

Armeniaspirol A Armeniaspirole A	Microorganisms Antibiotics Source Classification	Bacterial
Armeniaspirol A (Armeniaspirole A) is an antibacterial agent targeting Helicobacter pylori cell membranes. Armeniaspirol A induces membrane permeabilization, cytoplasmic leakage, and biofilm inhibition/eradication. Armeniaspirol A is promising for research of H. pylori infection .

HY-W750694

β-Cryptoxanthin palmitate	Natural Products Plants Anacardium occidentaleL. Anacardiaceae Source Classification	Drug Derivative
β-Cryptoxanthin palmitate is a carotenoid, and is abundant in peels. Carotenoids are important biological active, and may regulate cellular differentiation, growth control, photooxidative protection, cell membrane stability, photosynthesis, vision process and nutrition .

HY-105088A

Pexiganan acetate MSI 78	Structural Classification Natural Products Animals Source Classification	Bacterial
Pexiganan (MSI 78) acetate is an orally active antimicrobial peptide with broad-spectrum bactericidal. Pexiganan TFA disrupts bacterial cell membranes, induces peptidoglycan damage and cell lysis. Pexiganan acetate can be used for the research of bacterial infection .

HY-105751

Kalafungin Kalamycin; U-19718	Microorganisms Antibiotics Other Antibiotics Source Classification	Antibiotic Bacterial Beta-lactamase Fungal
Kalafungin is an antibiotic, antimicrobial agent and a β-lactamase inhibitor from marine Streptomyces, with IC₅₀ of 225.37 μM. Kalafungin destroys cell membranes. Kalafungin shows inhibitory activities against a variety of pathogenic fungi, yeasts, protozoa, gram-positive bacteria (such as S. aureus ATCC 33591 and S. aureus ATCC 23591), and, to a lesser extent, gram-negative bacteria .

HY-N15954

18:1 SquareFluor(629/648) PE ammonium	Lipid	Fluorescent Dye
18:1 SquareFluor(629/648) PE ammonium is a fluorescent lipid that can be used to visualize cell membranes (Ex/Em = 629/648 nm).

HY-157641A

(2S)-18:1 Lyso PC	Lipid	Biochemical Assay Reagents
(2S)-18:1 Lyso PC is the (2S)-enantiomer of lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso PC). LysoPC is a class of phospholipids, which are essential components of cell membranes.

HY-108191

Paldimycin A Antibiotic 273a1α	Infection Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Antibiotics Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Bacterial Antibiotic
Paldimycin A (Antibiotic 273a1α) is an antibiotic derived from Streptomyces paulus, primarily targeting Gram-positive bacteria. Paldimycin A exerts its antibacterial effects by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis and cell membrane function .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B1776AS1

Spermidine-13C4 hydrochloride 1 Publications Verification
Spermidine- ¹³C₄ (hydrochloride) is the ¹³C-labeled Spermidine trihydrochloride. Spermidine hydrochloride maintains cell membrane stability, increases antioxidant enzymes activities, improving photosystem II (PSII), and relevant gene expression. Spermidine hydrochloride significantly decreases the H2O2 and O2.- contents .

HY-B0563S1

Ropivacaine-d7

Ropivacaine-d₇ is deuterium labeled Ropivacaine. Ropivacain is a potent?sodium channel?blocker. Ropivacain blocks impulse conduction via reversible inhibition of?sodium ion influx?in nerve fibrese . Ropivacaine is also an inhibitor of K2P (two-pore domain potassium channel) TREK-1 with an IC₅₀ of 402.7 μM in COS-7 cell's membrane . Ropivacaine is used for the research of neuropathic pain?management .

HY-B0671S

Vancomycin-d12 TFA
Vancomycin-d₁₂ TFA is a deuterium labeled Vancomycin (HY-B0671). Vancomycin is an antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections. It acts by inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria. Vancomycin also alters the permeability of the cell membrane and selectively inhibits ribonucleic acid synthesis .

HY-B1776S

Spermidine-d6 1 Publications Verification
Spermidine-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Spermidine . Spermidine maintains cell membrane stability, increases antioxidant enzymes activities, improving photosystem II (PSII), and relevant gene expression. Spermidine significantly decreases the H2O2 and O2.- contents .

HY-B1776AS

Spermidine-d8 hydrochloride
Spermidine-d₈ (hydrochloride)e is the deuterium labeled Spermidine trihydrochloride. Spermidine hydrochloride maintains cell membrane stability, increases antioxidant enzymes activities, improving photosystem II (PSII), and relevant gene expression. Spermidine hydrochloride significantly decreases the H2O2 and O2.- contents .

HY-113217S

Cholesteryl oleate-d7

Cholesteryl oleate-d₇ is deuterium labeled Cholesteryl oleate. Cholesteryl oleate is an ester compound formed from Cholesterol (HY-N0322) and Oleic acid (HY-N1446), which is involved in lipid transport, storage and cell membrane formation in living organisms. Cholesteryl oleate may serve as a potential biomarker for prostate cancer. Cholesteryl oleate can also prepare cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for efficient gene silencing .

HY-W012382S

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine-d3

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine-d₃ is the deuterated form of N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (HY-W012382). N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer .

HY-B1145S

Chlorhexidine-d8 dihydrochloride

Chlorhexidine-d₈ (dihydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (HY-B1145). Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) .

HY-N8015S

Octanal-d16
Octanal-d₁₆ is the deuterium labeled Octanal. Octanal is a fragrant aldehyde with antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Its antifungal effect against G. citri-aurantii may be related to the disruption of cell membrane integrity and the leakage of cellular components. Additionally, Octanal exhibits cytotoxicity towards HeLa cells, with an IC₅₀ value of 3.5 μg/mL .

HY-23155S

2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate-d5

2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate-d₅ isothiocyanate-d₅ is the deuterium labeled 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate[1]. 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate is a potent antifungal agent. 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of Alternaria alternata, with a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 1.22 mM. The antifungal effect of 2-Phenylethyl isothiocyanate against Alternaria alternata might be via reduction in toxin content and breakdown of cell membrane integrity[2][3].

HY-B0517S

Mepivacaine-d3
Mepivacaine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Mepivacaine. Mepivacaine is an amide-type local anesthetic agent. Mepivacaine binds to specific voltage-gated sodium ion channels in neuronal cell membranes, which inhibits both sodium influx and membrane depolarization .

HY-B0739AS

Citicoline-d9 sodium

Citicoline-d₉ (Cytidine diphosphate-choline-d₉) sodium is the deuterium labeled Citicoline sodium (HY-B0739A). Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study .

HY-N1369S1

Menthol-d2
Menthol-d₂ is deuterated labeled Menthol (HY-N1369). Menthol is an analgesic and TRPM8 modulator. TRPM8 is a cold temperature sensing ion channel, and Menthol can regulate TRPM8 to exert analgesic and anti-irritation mechanisms. Menthol stimulates cold receptors and produces a cooling sensation by inhibiting Ca++ currents in neuronal cell membranes .

HY-W738281

Chlorhexidine-d8

Chlorhexidine-d₈ is deuterium-labeled Chlorhexidine (HY-B1248) . Chlorhexidine is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) .

HY-119696S

MTIC-d3
MTIC-d₃ is deuterium labeled MTIC. MTIC is the active metabolite of Temozolomide (TMZ). MITC has lower bioavailability in the brain compared with TMZ, because the agent’s permeability through biological barriers and tumor cell membranes affects bioavailability. MITC exhibits low affinity to biological membrane .

HY-N8015S2

Octanal-d4
Octanal-d₄ is deuterated labeled Octanal (HY-N8015). Octanal is a fragrant aldehyde with antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Its antifungal effect against G. citri-aurantii may be related to the disruption of cell membrane integrity and the leakage of cellular components. Additionally, Octanal exhibits cytotoxicity towards HeLa cells, with an IC50 value of 3.5 μg/mL .

HY-114518S2

Butenafine-d4

Butenafine-d4 (KP363-d4) is the deuterium labeled Butenafine (HY-114518). Butenafine (KP363) is a potent and broad spectrum benzylamine antifungal agent . Butenafine inhibits fungal ergosterol biosynthesis at the point of squalene epoxidation, leading to a deficiency of the fungal cell membranes. Butenafine is effective against dermatophytes infections, such as ?tinea pedis, ?tinea cruris, tinea versicolor .

HY-107343S

Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester-d5

Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester. Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl docosahexaenoate) is a 90% concentrated ethyl ester of docosahexaenoic acid manufactured from the microalgal oil. Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester enhances 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal damage by induction of lipid peroxidation in mouse striatum. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a key component of the cell membrane, and its peroxidation is inducible due to the double-bond chemical structure. Docosahexaenoic acid has neuroprotective effects .

HY-107343S1

Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester-d5-1

Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester-d₅-1 is the deuterium labeled Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester. Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl docosahexaenoate) is a 90% concentrated ethyl ester of docosahexaenoic acid manufactured from the microalgal oil. Docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester enhances 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal damage by induction of lipid peroxidation in mouse striatum. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a key component of the cell membrane, and its peroxidation is inducible due to the double-bond chemical structure. Docosahexaenoic acid has neuroprotective effects .

HY-174394S

CYP51-IN-25
CYP51-IN-25 is a orally active broad spectrum antifungal agent with the MIC₈₀ of 0.00625-0.05 μg/mL. is a CYP51-IN-25 is a deuterated compound with antibiotic properties. CYP51-IN-25 can inhibit the fungal CYP51 enzyme, block ergosterol synthesis, and disrupt cell membrane integrity. CYP51-IN-25 can be used for research on fungal infections.

HY-N9484S

Menthofuran-13C2

Menthofuran- ¹³C₂ is ¹³C labeled Menthol (HY-N1369). Menthol is an analgesic and TRPM8 modulator. TRPM8 is a cold temperature sensing ion channel, and Menthol can regulate TRPM8 to exert analgesic and anti-irritation mechanisms. Menthol stimulates cold receptors and produces a cooling sensation by inhibiting Ca ⁺⁺ currents in neuronal cell membranes. Menthol also improves oral nicotine rejection in mice .

HY-113217S1

Cholesteryl oleate-d7-1

Cholesteryl oleate-d₇-1 is deuterium labeled Cholesteryl oleate. Cholesteryl oleate is an ester compound formed from Cholesterol (HY-N0322) and Oleic acid (HY-N1446), which is involved in lipid transport, storage and cell membrane formation in living organisms. Cholesteryl oleate may serve as a potential biomarker for prostate cancer. Cholesteryl oleate can also prepare cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for efficient gene silencing .

HY-B0563BS

Ropivacaine-d7 hydrochloride

Ropivacaine-d₇ hydrochloride is a deuterium labeled Ropivacaine (hydrochloride) (HY-B0563B) . Ropivacaine hydrochloride is a potent sodium channel blocker and blocks impulse conduction via reversible inhibition of sodium ion influx in nerve fibrese . Ropivacaine is also an inhibitor of K_2P (two-pore domain potassium channel) TREK-1 with an IC₅₀ of 402.7 μM in COS-7 cell's membrane . Ropivacaine is widely used for neuropathic pain management in vivo .

HY-146925S

15:0 Lyso PC-d5

15:0 Lyso PC-d₅ is deuterium labeled 15:0 Lyso PC (HY-W329357). 15:0 Lyso PC is a lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso PC), a product of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and is involved in cell membrane remodeling and inflammatory signaling. 15:0 Lyso PC demonstrates significant lipid metabolism disturbances in the serum of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). 15:0 Lyso PC can be used as a lipid biomarker for cardiovascular disease.

HY-B0847S1

Propiconazole-d3 nitrate

Propiconazole-d₃ (nitrate) is the deuterium labeled Propiconazole nitrate. Propiconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide that inhibits the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, leading to fungal cell membrane disruption. Propiconazole inhibits S. cerevisiae, but not rat liver, microsomal cytochrome P450 (IC50s=0.04 and >200 µM, respectively). Propiconazole inhibits the growth of T. deformans and R. stolonifer (ED50s=0.073 and 4.6 µg/mL, respectively). Propiconazole increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

HY-B0847S

Propiconazole-d7

Propiconazole-d₇ is the deuterium labeled Propiconazole. Propiconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole fungicide that inhibits the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, leading to fungal cell membrane disruption. Propiconazole inhibits S. cerevisiae, but not rat liver, microsomal cytochrome P450 (IC₅₀s=0.04 and >200 μM, respectively). Propiconazole inhibits the growth of T. deformans and R. stolonifer (ED50s=0.073 and 4.6 μg/mL, respectively). Propiconazole increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) .

HY-113410S

3-Methylglutaric acid-d4

3-Methylglutaric acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 3-Methylglutaric acid (HY-113410). 3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-W017611S

4-Propylphenol-d12

4-Propylphenol-d₁₂ is the deuterium labeled 4-Propylphenol. 4-Propylphenol is a plant-derived phenolic compound. 4-Propylphenol causes an increase in ROS within the Fusarium graminearum cells, leading to damage to the DNA and cell membranes of the mycelia, effectively inhibiting the growth of the mycelia. 4-Propylphenol also has a growth inhibitory effect on walnut pathogenic fungi (C. gloeosporioides, C. siamense, A. alternata), with its EC₅₀ ranging from 29.11 to 31.89 mg/L, and it also inhibits spore germination, with EC₅₀ being 55.04-71.85 mg/L. 4-Propylphenol can be used in the research of fungal diseases in walnuts and wheat Fusarium head blight.

HY-W724344

Cetalkonium-d5 chloride

Cetalkonium-d₅ chloride (Benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium-d₅ chloride) is the deuterium labeled Cetalkonium chloride (HY-B1597). Cetalkonium chloride is an ammonium antiseptic agent used in many topical agents for infections of mouth, throat and eye. Cetalkonium chloride acts as anti-inflammatory amphiphilic agent. Cetalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant, that improves the precorneal residence time and bioavailability of drugs. Cetalkonium chloride interacts with the negative charges on the bacterial cell membrane, disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, causes leakage of cell contents and ultimately leading to bacterial death .

HY-W355700S

1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-d31

1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-d₃₁ is the deuterium labeled 1-Oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (HY-W355700). 1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (LysoPE 18:1) is a lysophosphatidylethanolamine molecule involved in phospholipid metabolism, targeting cell membrane receptors (such as G protein-coupled receptors) to regulate cell signaling pathways. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine may activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, promote cell migration, regulate inflammatory responses and lipid metabolism, and has both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine is mainly used in the screening of biomarkers for metabolic diseases (such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity), as well as the study of the mechanism of lysophospholipids in cell membrane homeostasis and signal transduction .

HY-151994S

1,3-Diolein-d66

1,3-Diolein-d₆₆ is deuterium labeled 1,3-Diolein. 1,3-Diolein is a phospholipid compound that has the activity of regulating cell membrane fluidity and signal transduction. 1,3-Diolein is widely used in cell biology research to study lipid-mediated signal transduction pathways and membrane protein interactions. 1,3-Diolein can also serve as a functional carrier in compound delivery systems to help improve the bioavailability of compounds .

HY-141613S

(2S,8R,19Z)1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine-d3 ammonium

(2S,8R,19Z)1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine-d₃ ammonium ((2S,8R,19Z)DOPS-d₃ ammonium) is the deuterium labeled (2S,8R,19Z)1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine ammonium (HY-141613). 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium (DOPS-NA) is a ubstitute for Phosphoserine/phosphatidylserine. 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium can be used together with DOPC and DOPE in lipid mixtures for the synthesis of liposomes. 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine sodium can self-assemble into single-layer or double-layer membrane structures, similar to cell membranes, and possesses high membrane fluidity and flexibility. 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine is widely applied in membrane biology, cell membrane research, lipid preparation, and drug delivery systems .

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