Proparacaine hydrochloride
Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Proparacaine (Proxymetacaine) hydrochloride is a local anesthetic. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks voltage-gated sodium channels on neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting signal conduction and nociceptive signal transmission. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks nociceptive signals in the eye and induces ocular muscle relaxation to reduce eye movement during surgery. Proparacaine hydrochloride is used in research related to cataracts.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.82%
- CAS No.: 5875-06-9
- Formula: C16H27ClN2O3
- Molecular Weight:330.85
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Proparacaine hydrochloride
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Biological Activity
Proparacaine hydrochloride competitively inhibits the activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) purified from human erythrocytes, with an IC50 of 601.60 μM and a Ki of 811.50 μM[1].
Proparacaine hydrochloride non-competitively inhibits the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) purified from human erythrocytes, with an IC50 of 686.90 μM and a Ki of 1,654.00 μM[1].
Proparacaine hydrochloride alters the actin cytoskeleton of corneal epithelial cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Sprague-Dawley (male, 205-255 g)[3]
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Dosage:0.20, 0.44, 0.59, 1.17, and 2.92 μmol/kg
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Administration:s.c.; single injection; i.p. (single injection, no effect)
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Result:Produced dose-dependent cutaneous antinociception.
Induced 46% maximal possible effect (% MPE) of nociceptive block at ED50 dose.
Induced 100% MPE (complete nociceptive block in all 8 rats) when coadministered at 1/2 ED50 with dopamine 1/2 ED50.
Showed synergistic antinociceptive interaction with dopamine via isobolographic analysis: experimental ED50 of the combination (14.0 μmol/kg, 95% CI 12.5-15.6) was significantly lower than theoretical additive ED50.
Produced no cutaneous antinociceptive effects when administered i.p. at 2.92 μmol/kg alone or coadministered with dopamine at 1/2 ED50.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 5875-06-9
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 330.85
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Formula C16H27ClN2O3
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(OCCN(CC)CC)C1=CC=C(OCCC)C(N)=C1.Cl
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Synonyms
Proxymetacaine hydrochloride
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (3)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Nat Biomed Eng
A live bacteria enzyme assay for identification of human disease mutations and drug screening. [Abstract]2025 Sep;9(9):1547-1556. PMID: 40307426 -
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids
2026 Jun 16;37(2). PMID: 42239495 -
FASEB J
Long non-coding RNA SNHG11 regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through rho/ROCK in trabecular meshwork cells. [Abstract]2023 Apr;37(4):e22873. PMID: 36929360
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 50 mg/mL (151.13 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (100.74 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.56 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.56 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 60 mg/mL (181.35 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (273 KB)
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SDS (481 KB)
- English - EN (481 KB)
- Français - FR (481 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (481 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (481 KB)
- Español - ES (481 KB)
- Swedish - SV (481 KB)
- Italian - IT (481 KB)
- Korean - KR (481 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (481 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Çalışkan B, et al. The effect of brimonidine and proparacaine on metabolic enzymes: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and glutathione reductase. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2022;69(1):281-288. [Content Brief]
[2]. Dang A, et al. An Analysis of the Use of Proparacaine in Cataract Surgery. Cureus. 2022;14(2):e22175. Published 2022 Feb 13. [Content Brief]
[3]. Chen YW, et al. Adding Dopamine to Proxymetacaine or Oxybuprocaine Solutions Potentiates and Prolongs the Cutaneous Antinociception in Rats. Anesth Analg. 2018;126(5):1721-1728. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H2O / DMSO | 1 mM | 3.0225 mL | 15.1126 mL | 30.2252 mL | 75.5629 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6045 mL | 3.0225 mL | 6.0450 mL | 15.1126 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3023 mL | 1.5113 mL | 3.0225 mL | 7.5563 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2015 mL | 1.0075 mL | 2.0150 mL | 5.0375 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1511 mL | 0.7556 mL | 1.5113 mL | 3.7781 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1209 mL | 0.6045 mL | 1.2090 mL | 3.0225 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1008 mL | 0.5038 mL | 1.0075 mL | 2.5188 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0756 mL | 0.3778 mL | 0.7556 mL | 1.8891 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0605 mL | 0.3023 mL | 0.6045 mL | 1.5113 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0504 mL | 0.2519 mL | 0.5038 mL | 1.2594 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0378 mL | 0.1889 mL | 0.3778 mL | 0.9445 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0302 mL | 0.1511 mL | 0.3023 mL | 0.7556 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Proparacaine hydrochloride Related Classifications
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