Streptolysin O
Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Streptolysin O is a cholesterol-targeting, thiol-activated pore-forming toxin. Streptolysin O binds to cholesterol via its C-terminal domain 4, oligomerizes to form arc-shaped or ring-shaped structures, inserts amphipathic helices into the lipid bilayer, and forms transmembrane β-barrel pores, resulting in cell permeabilization. Streptolysin O enables controllable cell membrane permeabilization, fluorescent probe delivery, and exogenous molecule uptake.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- CAS No.: 98072-47-0
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Streptolysin O
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Biological Activity
Streptolysin O is susceptible to oxidation in solution. Once reconstituted, the solution is unstable when stored at 2-8°C; it is recommended to aliquot and store the product at -20°C or -80°C, avoiding repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Additionally, the addition of a reducing agent (such as 20 mM cysteine or 10 mM DTT) helps maintain the activity of Streptolysin O in solution.
Recombinant wt-HSA binds purified SLO with high affinity (Kd = 2.5 nM), which is greater than the affinity of the L305A/F374A-HSA mutant for Streptolysin O[1].
Streptolysin O (100 U/mL; 4 min at 37°C) induces complete membrane permeabilization of HEp-2 cells[1].
Streptolysin O (1-5 U; 1 h at 37°C) induces dose-dependent hemolysis of human RBCs[1].
Streptolysin O (50 μg, 0.25 mg; 5-30 min, 24 h, 15 min) demonstrates that residues 274, 286, and 305 insert into the lipid bilayer during oligomerization on rabbit erythrocyte membranes, while residues 213 and 245 become buried in a proteinaceous hydrophobic environment within the Streptolysin O oligomer[2].
Streptolysin O (5-10 min; ≥20 min) reversibly permeabilizes adherent CHO-K1, COS7, HeLa, U2OS, and HCT116 cells, enabling delivery of fluorescent probes to intracellular targets with >85% permeabilization efficiency and <10% cell death, while preserving post-recovery cellular function[3].
Streptolysin O (100-200 U/mL; 10 min; 15 min) for HCT116 cells achieves >50% cell permeabilization with minimal cell death, with the optimal concentration range for permeabilization being between 100 U/mL and 200 U/mL[3].
Streptolysin O (75-1000 U/mL; 0.5-24 h) induces dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in HEp-2 and A549 cells, with HSA significantly increasing cell viability and elevating Streptolysin O's IC50 in both cell lines across all incubation times[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:human laryngeal carcinoma epithelial HEp-2 cells, human lung carcinoma epithelial A549 cells
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Concentration:75-1000 U/mL
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Incubation Time:0.5, 3, 6, 24 h
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Result:Caused a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability in both cell lines.
Increased HEp-2 cell viability by ~15% with both HSA concentrations at 600 U/mL SLO for 0.5 h (IC50 >5000 U/mL vs. 582 U/mL without HSA).
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 98072-47-0
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Appearance Solid
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
[Streptolysin O]
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (2)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell Mol Immunol
Cell-associated galectin 9 interacts with cytotoxic T cells confers resistance to tumor killing in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through autophagy activation. [Abstract]2025 Mar;22(3):260-281. PMID: 39910335 -
CNS Neurosci Ther
Dual-Functionalized Extracellular Vesicles Promote Brain Repair and Remodeling Following Ischemic Stroke in Mice. [Abstract]2025 Sep;31(9):e70597. PMID: 40955109
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 1 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (274 KB)
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SDS (785 KB)
- English - EN (785 KB)
- Français - FR (785 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (785 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (785 KB)
- Español - ES (785 KB)
- Swedish - SV (785 KB)
- Italian - IT (785 KB)
- Korean - KR (785 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (785 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Vita GM, et al. Human Serum Albumin Binds Streptolysin O (SLO) Toxin Produced by Group A and Inhibits Its Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Effects. Frontiers in immunology. 2020;11:507092. [Content Brief]
[2]. Palmer M, et al. Membrane-penetrating domain of streptolysin O identified by cysteine scanning mutagenesis. The Journal of biological chemistry. 1996 Oct 25;271(43):26664-7. [Content Brief]
[3]. Teng KW, et al. Delivery of Fluorescent Probes Using Streptolysin O for Fluorescence Microscopy of Living Cells. Current protocols in protein science. 2018 Aug;93(1):e60. [Content Brief]
[4]. Sim BW, et al. Efficient production of transgenic mice by intracytoplasmic injection of streptolysin-O-treated spermatozoa. Molecular reproduction and development. 2013 Mar;80(3):233-41. [Content Brief]
[5]. Uchiyama S, et al. Streptolysin O Rapidly Impairs Neutrophil Oxidative Burst and Antibacterial Responses to Group A Streptococcus. Frontiers in immunology. 2015;6:581. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Streptolysin O Related Classifications
HY-135416 Related Classifications
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