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Nrf2/xCT/GPX4 axis

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

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963

Inhibitors & Agonists

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Inhibitory Antibodies

309

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GMP Molecules

Targets Recommended: Keap1-Nrf2

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-100218A

RSL3 510+ Cited Publications (1S,3R)-RSL3	p62 Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
RSL3 ((1S,3R)-RSL3) is an inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (ferroptosis activator), reduces the expression of GPX4 protein, and induces ferroptotic death of head and neck cancer cell. RSL3 increases the expression of p62 and Nrf2 and inactivates Keap1 in HN3-rslR cells .

HY-100002

ML162 10+ Cited Publications	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cancer
ML162 is a covalent glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor. ML162 has a selective lethal effect on mutant RAS oncogene-expressing cell lines ^[2]

HY-120912

Gingerenone A 2 Publications Verification	Keap1-Nrf2 Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Gingerenone A is an Nrf2-Gpx4 activator that can induce Ferroptosis in liver damage with oral activity. Gingerenone A has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and pro-aging effects in mice ^[2] ^[4].

HY-162307

Nrf2 degrader 1	PROTACs Keap1-Nrf2	Cancer
Nrf2 degrader 1 (compound 1) is a PROTAC Nrf2 degrader with a DC₅₀ of 0.1-1 μM in huH1 cells. Nrf2 degrader 1 inhibits cancer cells growth for A549 and LK-2 cells with IC₅₀ values of 100 nM and 40 nM, respectively. Nrf2 degrader 1 can be used for the study of liver cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and squamous cell carcinoma of lung cancer .

HY-115627

PKUMDL-LC-101-D04 5+ Cited Publications GPX4-Activator-1d4	Glutathione Peroxidase	Inflammation/Immunology
PKUMDL-LC-101-D04 (GPX4-Activator-1d4) is a glutathione peroxidase 4 *(GPX4)* allosteric activator (pEC₅₀=4.7). PKUMDL-LC-101-D04 can inhibit ferroptosis and inflammation ^[2].

HY-141809

GPX4-IN-3 2 Publications Verification	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cancer
GPX4-IN-3 (26a) is a potent glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor as a selective ferroptosis inducer. GPX4-IN-3 (26a) exhibits 71.7% inhibition for GPX4 with 1 μM .

HY-155663

GPX4-IN-5 1 Publications Verification	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cancer
GPX4-IN-5 is a covalent inhibitor of *GPX4* (IC₅₀: 0.12 μM). GPX4-IN-5 can induce ferroptosis and has anti-tumor effects. GPX4-IN-5 can be used in the study of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) .

HY-148480

Nrf2 activator-6	Quinone Reductase Keap1-Nrf2	Cardiovascular Disease
Nrf2 activator-6, a tetrahydroisoquinoline compound, is a *Nrf2* activator. Nrf2 activator-6 has an IC₅₀ of 5 nM for inhibiting the Kelch domain-Nrf2 interaction (WO2021214470A1; Example 4) .

HY-138556

GPX4-IN-2	Drug Intermediate Glutathione Peroxidase	Cancer
GPX4-IN-2 is an intermediate of GPX4-IN-1 (HY-138544). GPX4-IN-1 has shown antiproliferative activity and can be used for cancer research .

HY-161929

GPX4 activator 2	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease
GPX4 activator 2 is a *GPX4* activator with a K_a value of 0.426 μM for human *GPX4. GPX4* activator 2 reduces lipid hydroperoxide levels, prevents lipid peroxide accumulation, and inhibits ferroptosis. GPX4 activator 2 rescues cell death induced by Erastin (HY-15763). GPX4 activator 2 exerts cardioprotective effects in a mouse model of doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced myocardial injury .

HY-W018161

Hexadecanedioic acid 1 Publications Verification Thapsic acid	IRE1 Ferroptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Glutathione Peroxidase	Metabolic Disease
Hexadecanedioic acid (Thapsic acid) is an orally active metabolite produced by B. uniformis. Hexadecanedioic acid inhibits IRE1α-XBP1s-mediated flipogenesis and ferroptosis. Hexadecanedioic acid downregulates XBP1 and Hrd1 expression, activates the *Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4* pathway. Hexadecanedioic acid can be used for the research of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease .

HY-101025

Nrf2-IN-1 5+ Cited Publications	Keap1-Nrf2	Cancer
Nrf2-IN-1 is an inhibitor of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2-IN-1 is developed for the research of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) .

HY-149236

*PROTAC GPX4* degrader-1**	PROTACs Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cancer
PROTAC GPX4 degrader-1 (DC-2) is a PROTAC-based *GPX4* degrader, with a DC₅₀ of 0.03 μM in HT1080 cells .

HY-145879

Nrf2 activator-2	Keap1-Nrf2	Cancer
Nrf2 activator-2 (compound O15), a Osthole derivative, is a potent *Nrf2* agonist with an EC₅₀ of 2.9 μM in 293 T cells. Nrf2 activator-2 effectively inhibits the interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2, thus showing the activation effect on Nrf2. Nrf2 activator-2 shows a marked decrease in the level of ubiquitinated Nrf2 in cells .

HY-161928

GPX4 activator 1	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cancer
GPX4 activator 1 (Compound A9) is a allosteric activator of *GPX4* (K_d = 5.86 μM, EC₅₀ = 19.19 μM). GPX4 activator 1 can selectively act on ferroptosis and prevent the accumulation of intracellular lipid peroxides caused by ferroptosis inducers .

HY-W338584

Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium 1 Publications Verification	Keap1-Nrf2 Ferroptosis Apoptosis mTOR NF-κB ATP Citrate Lyase AMPK Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Endocrinology Cancer
Tripotassium hydroxycitrate is an orally active, multi-target, multi-bioactive organic acid. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates *Nrf2* and its downstream molecule *GPX4, increases glutathione levels, and thereby inhibits ferroptosis. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates the Nrf2/Keap1* and ACLY/NF-κB signaling pathways, upregulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, reduces MDA content, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, and improves pulmonary vascular and right ventricular remodeling. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates both the AMPK and mTORC1/S6K pathways, triggers the unfolded protein response, arrests the cancer cell cycle, and induces DNA fragmentation ^[2] ^[4].

HY-Y1177

Diphenyl disulfide Phenyl disulfide	PI3K Akt mTOR Ferroptosis Apoptosis Autophagy Glutathione Peroxidase Keap1-Nrf2	Cancer
Diphenyl disulfide (Phenyl disulfide) is an organic disulfide compound. Diphenyl disulfide inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and induces ferroptosis (ferroptosis), apoptosis (apoptosis) and autophagy (autophagy) in cancer cells. Diphenyl disulfide downregulates *GPX4* expression, inhibits *NRF2* phosphorylation, induces lipid peroxidation, promotes *xCT* ubiquitination, induces proteolytic cleavage of p21 Bax into p18 Bax, and suppresses cell proliferation and viability. Diphenyl disulfide can be used in research related to melanoma and breast cancer ^[2] .

HY-N8698

Picein 1 Publications Verification	SOD Ferroptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) Glutathione Peroxidase	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Picein is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Picein can be isolated from the leaves of Picrorhiza kurroa. Picein reduces MDA levels and increases the levels of SOD, *GPX* and TAC. Picein alleviates oxidative stress and promotes bone regeneration in osteoporotic bone defects by inhibiting Ferroptosis (via activation of the *Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4* pathway). Picein prevents scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced passive avoidance memory impairment in rats. Picein can be used in research related to osteoporotic bone defects and Alzheimer's disease ^[2] .

HY-146086

Nrf2 activator-4	Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Nrf2 activator-4 (Compound 20a) is a highly potent, orally active *Nrf2* activator with an EC₅₀ of 0.63 µM. Nrf2 activator-4 suppresses reactive oxygen species against oxidative stress in microglia. Nrf2 activator-4 effectively recovers the learning and memory impairment in a scopolamine-induced mouse model .

HY-124834

Nrf2 activator-10	Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis	Cancer
Nrf2 activator-10 (Compound AI-1) is a PI3K-dependent inducer for antioxidant response element (ARE) (EC₅₀ is 2.7 μM) and an activator for *Nrf2. Nrf2* activator-10 modifies Keap1, blocks Cul3-Keap1 ubiquitin ligase complex, activates the transcription of Nrf2. Nrf2 activator-10 protects cells from H₂O₂-induced apoptosis.

HY-147517

*Keap1-Nrf2-IN-9*	Keap1-Nrf2	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Keap1-Nrf2-IN-9 (Compound 11) is a potent Keap1-Nrf2 PPI (Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.575 μM. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-9 increases the expression of Nrf2 target genes including heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), glutathione S-transferase P (GstP), and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (Gclc) and modulatory (Gclm) subunits. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-9 shows no cytotoxic activity in ARPE19 cells .

HY-149508

Nrf2-IN-3	Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
Nrf2-IN-3 (Compound R16) is a small-molecule *NRF2* inhibitor and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Nrf2-IN-3 selectively binds KEAP1 mutants and restores their NRF2-inhibitory function by repairing the disrupted KEAP1/NRF2 interactions, leading to proteasome-dependent NRF2 degradation in cells. Nrf2-IN-3 sensitizes KEAP1-mutated tumor cells to Cisplatin (HY-17394), Gefitinib (HY-50895), and KEAP1 G333C-mutated xenograft to Cisplatin .

HY-143333

Nrf2 activator-3 1 Publications Verification	Keap1-Nrf2	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Nrf2 activator-3 is a potent *Nrf2* activator. Nrf2 activator-3 is used for cerebral ischemic injury research .

HY-149923

GPX4-IN-4	Glutathione Peroxidase	Cancer
GPX4-IN-4 (Compound 24) is a potent *GPX4* inhibitor. GPX4-IN-4 can be used for the research of cancer .

HY-175209

Nrf2-IN-4	Keap1-Nrf2 Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Atg8/LC3	Cancer
Nrf2-IN-4 is a *Nrf2* inhibitor. Nrf2-IN-4 induces ferroptosis via *NRF2* inhibition. Nrf2-IN-4 disrupts cellular iron homeostasis, facilitates ferritin degradation, and ultimately triggers ferroptosis. Nrf2-IN-4 induces lysosome activation by promoting iron-dependent ROS production and lysosomal acidification. Nrf2-IN-4 demonstrates significant antitumor efficacy. Nrf2-IN-4 can be used for the study of breast cancer .

HY-151362

*Keap1-Nrf2-IN-14* 1 Publications Verification	Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Inflammation/Immunology
Keap1-Nrf2-IN-14 (compound 20c) is a *KEAP1-NRF2* inhibitor that effectively disrupts the *KEAP1-NRF2* interaction (IC₅₀=75 nM) with a K_d value of 24 nM for KEAP1. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-14 induces the expression of *NRF2* target genes and enhances the downstream antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Keap1-Nrf2-IN-14 can be used in the study of oxidative stress-related inflammation .

HY-RS05767

GPX4 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)	Others
GPX4 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for GPX4 gene (Human), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

GPX4 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A GPX4 Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A

HY-115849

Nrf2-Activator-12G	Keap1-Nrf2	Neurological Disease
Nrf2-Activator-12G (compd 12g) is an activator of *Nrf2. Nrf2-Activator-12G* induces the expression of nrf2-dependentantioxidant enzymes at both mRNA and protein levels in DAergic neuronal cell. Nrf2-Activator-12G can used in study Parkinson’s Disease .

HY-178364

GPX4-IN-19	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis Lipoxygenase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
GPX4-IN-19 is an effective *GPX4* inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 0.311 μM), covalently binds to the Sec 46 site of GPX4. GPX4-IN-19 shows strong anti-proliferative activity with high ferroptosis selectivity. GPX4-IN-19 causes intracellular Fe ²⁺ accumulation, leading to increased levels of lipid peroxides (LPOs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces ferroptosis and subsequently results in DNA damage. GPX4-IN-19 can be used for the study of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) .

HY-P10530

Nrf2 (69-84)	Keap1-Nrf2	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Nrf2 (69-84) is a peptide fragment of Nrf2 protein that contains the key ETGE motif, which is an important region for binding to the Kelch domain of Keap1 protein. Nrf2 (69-84) can be used to study the role of Nrf2 in the development and progression of diseases, especially in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory diseases .

HY-100218C

(1R,3R)-RSL3 3 Publications Verification	Drug Isomer Ferroptosis	Cancer
(1R,3R)-RSL3 is an isomer of RSL3 (HY-100218A). RSL3 ((1S,3R)-RSL3) is an inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (ferroptosis activator), reduces the expression of GPX4 protein, and induces ferroptotic death of head and neck cancer cell. RSL3 increases the expression of p62 and Nrf2 and inactivates Keap1 in HN3-rslR cells .

HY-178925

*PROTAC GPX4* degrader-5**	PROTACs Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
PROTAC GPX4 degrader-5 (compound N15) is an efficient and highly selective PROTAC GPX4 degrader (DC₅₀ = 28 nM). PROTAC GPX4 degrader-5 can induce ferroptosis and has low toxicity to normal cells. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-5 can significantly increase ROS. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-5 exerts anti proliferative effects on various tumor cells. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-5 is commonly used in cancer research .

HY-175548

Nrf2 activator-21	Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis Caspase	Neurological Disease
Nrf2 activator-21 is a *Nrf2* activator with dual antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Nrf2 activator-21 binds to Keap1 Kelch domain and disrupts *Keap1-Nrf2* interactions and activate antioxidant defense mechanisms. Nrf2 activator-21 reduces apoptosis and decreases caspase-3 activity in the hippocampal neurons. Nrf2 activator-21 targets cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) via *Nrf2* pathway activation. Nrf2 activator-21 improves neurological function, alleviates anxiety-like behavior, enhances memory in rats with 2-vessel occlusion (2VO)-induced CIRI. Nrf2 activator-21 can be used for the study of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury .

HY-RS16506

Gpx4 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Small Interfering RNA (siRNA)	Others
Gpx4 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A contains three designed siRNAs for Gpx4 gene (Mouse), as well as a negative control, a positive control, and a FAM-labeled negative control.

Gpx4 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A Gpx4 Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A

HY-176758

GPX4-IN-17	Glutathione Peroxidase	Cancer
GPX4-IN-17 (Compound 9i) is an inhibitor of *GPX4* with potent cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ = 0.3 nM). GPX4-IN-17 shows strong binding affinity against GPX4 (K_D = 20.4 nM). GPX4-IN-17 inhibits tumor growth in the xenograft tumor mouse model without detectable cytotoxicity. GPX4-IN-17 can enhance cancer chemotherapy and overcome tumor resistance. GPX4-IN-17 can be studied in antitumor reseach .

HY-157762

GPX4-IN-9	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cancer
GPX4-IN-9 (Compound A16) is a glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitor that specifically targets *GPX4* under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, inducing ferroptosis. GPX4-IN-9 exhibits cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer cells and can be used in cancer research .

HY-120912R

Gingerenone A (Standard)	Keap1-Nrf2 Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis Reference Standards	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Gingerenone A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gingerenone A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gingerenone A is an Nrf2-Gpx4 activator that can induce Ferroptosis in liver damage with oral activity. Gingerenone A has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and pro-aging effects in mice ^[2] ^[4].

HY-155664

GPX4-IN-6	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis	Cancer
GPX4-IN-6 (Compound C25) is a *GPX4* covalent inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 0.13 μM. GPX4-IN-6 (Compound C25) can induce ferroptosis for the research of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) .

HY-178389

GPX4-IN-20	Molecular Glues Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
GPX4-IN-20, a Arctigenin (HY-N0035) derived, is a GPX4& molecular gluedegrader. GPX4-IN-20 induces ferroptosis by increasing lipid ROS levels and suppressing GSH levels. GPX4-IN-20 reduces the protein expression and enzyme activity of *GPX4* in a dose-dependent manner without affecting other ferroptosis-related proteins. GPX4-IN-20 induces ubiquitination-dependent proteasomal degradation of GPX4. GPX4-IN-20 also increases the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in HCT-116 cells. GPX4-IN-20 can be used for the research of colorectal cancer .

HY-149244

Nrf2 activator-7	Quinone Reductase Keap1-Nrf2	Others
Nrf2 activator-7 (Compound 12b) is a potent *Nrf2* activator and significantly activates the *Nrf2* signaling pathway.

HY-162106

*PROTAC GPX4* degrader-2**	Ferroptosis PROTACs Glutathione Peroxidase	Cancer
PROTAC GPX4 degrader-2 (compound 18a) is a proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) that can degrade glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), with the DC_{50, 48h} value of 1.68 μM. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-2 induces the accumulation of lipid peroxides and mitochondrial depolarization, subsequently triggering ferroptosis. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-2 has anti-proliferative effect .

HY-178875

Nrf2 activator-22	Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC Keap1-Nrf2 Ras	Cancer
Nrf2 activator-22, a *Nrf2* activator, is a PROTAC target protein ligand. Nrf2 activator-22 can be used for synthesis PROTAC K-Ras Degrader-7 (HY-178873) .

HY-174086

*PROTAC GPX4* degrader-4**	Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis ROS Kinase PROTACs	Cancer
PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 is a *GPX4* PROTAC degrader (DC₅₀: 5.32 nM). PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 inhibits the activity of RT4, T24, and J82 cancer cells (IC₅₀ values are 0.09, 2.97, and 7.58 μM, respectively). PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 increases lipid ROS levels and induces ferroptosis in T24 and RT4 cells. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 has antitumor activity in T24 tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mouse model. PROTAC GPX4 degrader-4 can be used for bladder cancer research. (Pink: target protein ligand (HY-N0193); blue: E3 ligase ligand (HY-1035960); black: linker (HY-W013907); E3 ligase ligand + linker (HY-174087)) .

HY-145390

Nrf2 activator-1	Keap1-Nrf2	Inflammation/Immunology
Nrf2 activator-1 is a potent activator of NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 activator-1 has the potential for the research of COPD and other respiratory diseases, including asthma, Acute Lung Injury (ALI), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis (extracted from patent WO2018109647A1) .

HY-159990

GPX4-IN-15	Glutathione Peroxidase	Cancer
GPX4-IN-15 (Compound C1) is an inhibitor for *GPX4, that inhibits 19.8% GPX4* at 1 μM. GPX4-IN-15 inhibits the proliferation of cancer cell MDA-MB-468, BT-549 and MDA-MB-231 with IC₅₀ of 0.86, 0.96 and 0.48 μM .

HY-145390A

*(R,R)-Nrf2* activator-1**	Keap1-Nrf2	Inflammation/Immunology
(R,R)-Nrf2 activator-1 is the enantiomer of Nrf2 activator-1. Nrf2 activator-1 is a potent activator of NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 activator-1 has the potential for the research of COPD and other respiratory diseases, including asthma, Acute Lung Injury (ALI), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis .

HY-161930

*PROTAC GPX4* degrader-3**	PROTACs Ferroptosis	Cancer
PROTAC GPX4 degrader-3 is a potent PROTAC *GPX4* degrader with a DC₅₀ (24h) of 0.019 μM and an IC₅₀ of 0.024 μM in HT1080 cell .

HY-175209A

Nrf2-IN-4 hydrobromide	Keap1-Nrf2 Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Atg8/LC3	Cancer
Nrf2-IN-4 (Compound PhcY) hydrobromide is a *Nrf2* inhibitor. Nrf2-IN-4 hydrobromide induces ferroptosis via *NRF2* inhibition. Nrf2-IN-4 hydrobromide disrupts cellular iron homeostasis, facilitates ferritin degradation, and ultimately triggers ferroptosis. Nrf2-IN-4 hydrobromide induces lysosome activation by promoting iron-dependent ROS production and lysosomal acidification. Nrf2-IN-4 hydrobromide demonstrates significant antitumor efficacy. Nrf2-IN-4 hydrobromide can be used for the study of breast cancer .

HY-146577

*Keap1-Nrf2-IN-7*	Keap1-Nrf2	Inflammation/Immunology
Keap1-Nrf2-IN-7 (compound 7v) is a potent Keap1-Nrf2 PPI (Keap1-Nrf2 protein−protein interaction) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.45 µM .

HY-178888

Nrf2 ligand-Linker Conjugate 2	PROTAC-Linker Conjugates for PAC	Cancer
Nrf2 ligand-Linker Conjugate 2 is a synthesized Nrf2 ligand-linker conjugate that can be used for synthesis of PROTAC K-Ras Degrader-7 (HY-178873). PROTAC K-Ras Degrader-7 is a potent K-Ras PROTAC degrader with anti-tumor activity .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-13755

Sulforaphane 65+ Cited Publications	Natural Products other families Classification of Application Fields Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	HDAC Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Caspase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Sulforaphane is an orally active inducer of the *Keap1/Nrf2/ARE* pathway. Sulforaphane promotes the transcription of tumor-suppressing proteins and effectively inhibits the activity of HDACs. Through the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway and further induction of HO-1 expression, Sulforaphane protects the heart. Sulforaphane suppresses high glucose-induced pancreatic cancer through AMPK-dependent signal transmission. Sulforaphane exhibits both anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-19543

Brusatol 35+ Cited Publications NSC 172924	Structural Classification Simaroubaceae Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Diterpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. Source Classification Cancer	Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis
Brusatol (NSC 172924) is a unique inhibitor of the *Nrf2* pathway that sensitizes a broad spectrum of cancer cells to Cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic agents. Brusatol enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy by inhibiting the Nrf2-mediated defense mechanism. Brusatol can be developed into an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent . Brusatol increases cellular apoptosis ^[2].

HY-N0643

Carnosol 15+ Cited Publications	Classification of Application Fields Paramacrolobium coeruleum (Taub.) J.Léonard Food Preservation Research Plants Agricultural Research Terpenoids Labiatae Phenols Polyphenols Diterpenoids Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) Keap1-Nrf2 Endogenous Metabolite
Carnosol is a potent Ribosomal S6 Kinase *(RSK2)* inhibitor that could be useful for treating gastric cancer, with an IC₅₀ of ~5.5 μM . Carnosol, a *Nrf2* activator, increases the nuclear levels of Nrf2 and can promote the expression of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) ^[2] .

HY-N0290

Mangiferin 15+ Cited Publications	Liliaceae Xanthones Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	NF-κB Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis
Mangiferin is a *Nrf2* activator. Mangiferin suppresses nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50. Mangiferin exhibits antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperuricemic, antiviral, anticancer and antiinflammatory activities ^[2] .

HY-120912

Gingerenone A 2 Publications Verification	Zingiber officinale Roscoe Structural Classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants Source Classification Zingiberaceae	Keap1-Nrf2 Glutathione Peroxidase Ferroptosis
Gingerenone A is an Nrf2-Gpx4 activator that can induce Ferroptosis in liver damage with oral activity. Gingerenone A has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and pro-aging effects in mice ^[2] ^[4].

HY-N0415

Trigonelline chloride 5+ Cited Publications Trigonelline hydrochloride	Infection Alkaloids Erythrophleum fordii Oliv. Classification of Application Fields Labiatae Pyridine Alkaloids Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Apoptosis HIV Bacterial Fungal
Trigonelline chloride is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline chloride is a potent *Nrf2* inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline chloride also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity, and induces ferroptosis.

HY-N0892

AKBA 3 Publications Verification Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid	Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Boswellia serrata Plants Burseraceae Disease Research Fields Cancer	HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Endogenous Metabolite
AKBA (Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid) is an active triterpenoid compound from the extract of Boswellia serrate and a novel Nrf2 activator.

HY-B2230

Hinokitiol 5+ Cited Publications β-Thujaplicin	Infection Cupressaceae Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 DNA Methyltransferase Virus Protease
Hinokitiol is a component of essential oils isolated from Chymacyparis obtusa, reduces *Nrf2* expression, and decreases DNMT1 and UHRF1 mRNA and protein expression, with anti-infective, anti-oxidative, and anti-tumor activities.

HY-D0885

Phosphocreatine 3 Publications Verification Creatine phosphate; Creatinephosphoric acid	Animals Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase
Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. ^[2] ^[4].

HY-N0414

Trigonelline 5+ Cited Publications Trigenolline	Alkaloids Microorganisms other families Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Pyridine Alkaloids Metabolic Disease Plants Endogenous metabolite Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Apoptosis HIV Bacterial Fungal
Trigonelline is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline is a potent *Nrf2* inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity and induces ferroptosis.

HY-N1902

4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Phenols Metabolic Disease Plants Compositae Endogenous metabolite Erythrina latissima E. Mey. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 Endogenous Metabolite
4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, a major microbiota-derived metabolite of polyphenols, is involved in the antioxidative action. 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid induces expression of *Nrf2* .

HY-N1437

Hydroxycitric acid 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Guttiferae Plants Garcinia gummi-gutta (L.) Roxb. Source Classification	Apoptosis Ferroptosis mTOR DNA/RNA Synthesis Keap1-Nrf2 Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) NF-κB ATP Citrate Lyase AMPK
Hydroxycitric acid is an orally active, multi-target, multi-bioactive organic acid. activates *Nrf2* and its downstream molecule *GPX4, increases glutathione levels, and thereby inhibits ferroptosis. Hydroxycitric acid activates the Nrf2/Keap1* and ACLY/NF-κB signaling pathways, upregulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, reduces MDA content, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, and improves pulmonary vascular and right ventricular remodeling. Hydroxycitric acid activates both the AMPK and mTORC1/S6K pathways, triggers the unfolded protein response, arrests the cancer cell cycle, and induces DNA fragmentation ^[2] ^[4].

HY-N0147

Rutaecarpine 5+ Cited Publications Rutecarpine	Alkaloids Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. Rutaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Indole Alkaloids Source Classification Cancer	COX Keap1-Nrf2
Rutaecarpine, an alkaloid of Evodia rutaecarpa, is an inhibitor of *COX-2* with an IC₅₀ value of 0.28 μM. Rutaecarpine can target and activate the NRF2/HO-1 pathway to reduce craniofacial injury. Rutaecarpine sttenuates oxidative stress-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) and reduces secondary injury via the PGK1/KEAP1/NRF2 signaling pathway. Rutaecarpine can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

HY-N0509

Astilbin 5+ Cited Publications	Flavanonols Flavonoids Microorganisms other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Keap1-Nrf2 TNF Receptor NF-κB
Astilbin is a flavonoid compound and enhances *NRF2* activation. Astilbin also suppresses TNF-α expression and NF-κB activation.

HY-N0625A

Alpinetin 5+ Cited Publications	Monophenols Flavonoids Alpinia katsumadai Hayata Classification of Application Fields Flavonones Phenols Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Zingiberaceae Cancer	PPAR Keap1-Nrf2 Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
Alpinetin is a flavonoid isolated from cardamom and possesses antitumor, antiinflammation, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, lung protective, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective properties. Alpinetin inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, activates PPAR-γ, activates Nrf2, and inhibits TLR4 expression to protect LPS-induced renal injury ^[2] ^[4].

HY-N4068

Glucoraphanin 5+ Cited Publications	Cruciferous vegetables Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Glucosinolates Plants Brassicaceae Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Endogenous Metabolite
Glucoraphanin, a natural glucosinolate found in cruciferous vegetable, is a stable precursor of the Nrf2 inducer sulforaphane, which possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic effects.

HY-W009203

L-Cystine dihydrochloride 4 Publications Verification	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis
L-Cystine dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt form of L-Cystine (HY-N0394). L-Cystine dihydrochloride elevates *Nrf2* protein expression and activates *Nrf2* transcription factor. L-cystine dihydrochloride reduces ROS generation and protects against oxidant- or Doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced apoptosis. L-Cystine dihydrochloride combined with L-theanine (HY-15121) enhances the production of antigen-specific IgG by increasing glutathione (GSH) levels and T helper 2 (Th2) mediated responses in mice. L-Cystine dihydrochloride is promising for research of cystinuria and kidney stones ^[2] ^[4]

HY-N0070

Solasonine 3 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Piperidine Alkaloids Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Solanum nigrum Linn. Solanaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Solasonine is a ferroptosis inducer which can be isolated from Solanum melongena that has anti-infection, anti-cancer, and neurogenesis promoting properties. Solasonine promotes ferroptosis of HCC cells via destruction of the glutathione redox system induced by inhibiting GPX4, and can be used for cancer research ^[2].

HY-W011370

Pelargonidin chloride 1 Publications Verification	Anthocyans Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Plants Phaseolus vulgaris Linn. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Quinone Reductase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Pelargonidin chloride is an anthocyanidin and also is a scavenger of nitric oxide radical and has antioxidant activities. Pelargonidin inhibits cell viability and induces cell cycle arrest at sub-G1 phase. Pelargonidin chloride increases the mRNA and protein expression of HO-1, NQO1, Nrf2. Pelargonidin chloride improves Aβ-induced memory and learning impairment ^[2] .

HY-N0028

Forsythiaside A 5 Publications Verification	Oleaceae Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Others
Forsythiaside A is an orally active phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the dried fruits of Forsythia suspensa. Forsythiaside A is also an inhibitor of COX-2 and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Forsythiaside A prevents neuroinflammation and apoptosis caused by Aβ_25-35 damage and may be used in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. Forsythiaside A also activates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibits OVA-induced asthma in mice. Forsythiaside A inhibits the interaction between KLRB1 and CLEC2D ^[2] ^[4].

HY-W001083

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Phenols Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Keap1-Nrf2
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of *GPX4*, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders ^[2] ^[4].

HY-116807

Dihydrolipoic Acid 2 Publications Verification DHLA	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Dihydrolipoic Acid (DHLA) is an excellent antioxidant capable of scavenging almost any oxygen-centered radical . Dihydrolipoic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in various diseases. Dihydrolipoic Acid exerts a preventive effect via ERK/Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NLRP3 pathway in LPS-induced sickness behavior rats. Dihydrolipoic Acid can be used for the reaserch of depression ^[2].

HY-B1971

Deltamethrin 2 Publications Verification Decamethrin	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Environmental Pollutants Calcium Channel Caspase Bcl-2 Family NF-κB Interleukin Related Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Deltamethrin (Decamethrin) is an orally active synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Deltamethrin induces oxidative stress and results in inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Deltamethrin has an anticancer effect by inducing apoptosis. Deltamethrin can be used extensively in pest control ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N0806

Sweroside 3 Publications Verification	Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Labiatae Lespedeza tomentosa (Thunb.) Siebold ex Maxim. Phenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields	Keap1-Nrf2 AMPK Sirtuin NF-κB NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Pyroptosis Apoptosis Autophagy PARP
Sweroside is an iridoid glycoside that targets multiple targets, including the **Keap1/Nrf2 axis, NLRP3 inflammasome, SIRT1, NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR pathway, and caspase** family. Sweroside promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation by competitively binding to Keap1. Sweroside also inhibits oxidative stress and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis by activating Nrf2, inhibits NF-κB inflammatory pathway by activating SIRT1, and promotes autophagy and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Sweroside has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and lipid metabolism regulating activities, and can be used in the research of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, leukemia, acute lung injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and other fields ^[2] ^[4].

HY-N2995

Poricoic acid A 1 Publications Verification Poricoic acid A(F)	Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Polyporaceae Poria cocos Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	NF-κB Keap1-Nrf2 AMPK TGF-beta/Smad Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Poricoic acid A can be isolated from Poria cocos. Poricoic acid A is an orally active anti-tumor agent. Poricoic acid A enhances melatonin inhibition of AKI-to-CKD transition by regulating Gas6/AxlNFκB/Nrf2 axis. Poricoic acid A also attenuatea fibroblast activation and abnormal extracellular matrix remodeling in renal fibrosis by activating AMPK and inhibiting Smad3. Poricoic acid A significantly reduces the magnitude of rise in serum creatinine and urea levels in rat model when combined with Melatonin. Poricoic acid A ameliorates renal fibrosis and podocyte injury by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation through regulating NF-κB and *Nrf2* in IRI rodent model in combination with Melatonin ^[2] .

HY-13755A

(R)-Sulforaphane 2 Publications Verification L-Sulforaphane	Natural Products other families Classification of Application Fields Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Cancer	Keap1-Nrf2 Bcl-2 Family Caspase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NF-κB
(R)-Sulforaphane (L-Sulforaphane) is a orally active, potent inducer of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway, exhibiting antioxidant and anticancer activities. (R)-Sulforaphane primarily functions by upregulating phase II detoxifying enzymes in cells, aiding in the removal of carcinogens and combating oxidative stress. (R)-Sulforaphane is capable of modulating gene expression, influencing various signaling pathways, including *Nrf2, NF-κB, and AP-1*. (R)-Sulforaphane can be used in studies of tumor biology, antioxidant defense mechanisms, as well as inflammation and immune responses ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N0526

2"-O-Galloylhyperin 2 Publications Verification	Flavonols Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Plants Flavonoids Pyrola calliantha H. Andr. Pyrolaceae Phenols Polyphenols Pyrola incarnata Fisch. ex DC. Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Sirtuin Keap1-Nrf2 NF-κB ERK p38 MAPK JNK TSH Receptor Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) SOD
2''-O-Galloylhyperin is an active natural compound with anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant, anti‑adipogenic, antifibrotic, and cytostatic activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin upregulates *SIRT1/Nrf2* signaling, inhibits NF-κB and MAPK (ERK1/2, p38, JNK) phosphorylation, suppresses TSHR activation, reduces ROS accumulation, and enhances SOD and GSH-Px activities. 2''-O-Galloylhyperin protects against LPS-induced tissue injury, enhances survival, and inhibits adipogenesis and fibrosis. 2"-O-Galloylhyperin can be used for the research of sepsis, acute lung injury, and thyroid eye disease ^[2] ^[4].

HY-N2292

Kinsenoside 4 Publications Verification	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Orchidaceae Plants Anoectochilus Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis
Kinsenoside is the main active ingredient of the genus plant, and has various biological activities. Kinsenoside and Nrf2 depend on the protection of nuclear cells (NPCs), which significantly reduces their ability to survive. Kinsenoside Active NPC Medium AKT-ERK1/2-Nrf2 Signal passage, Prevent physical decline, aging, harmonious physical function impairment. Kinsenoside can improve the puncture guide model for intermediate vertebral wall discharge (IDD).

HY-W018161

Hexadecanedioic acid 1 Publications Verification Thapsic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	IRE1 Ferroptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Glutathione Peroxidase
Hexadecanedioic acid (Thapsic acid) is an orally active metabolite produced by B. uniformis. Hexadecanedioic acid inhibits IRE1α-XBP1s-mediated flipogenesis and ferroptosis. Hexadecanedioic acid downregulates XBP1 and Hrd1 expression, activates the *Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4* pathway. Hexadecanedioic acid can be used for the research of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease .

HY-113167

2-Phosphoglyceric acid DL-2-phosphoglyceric acid	Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	ACSL Family Endogenous Metabolite Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
2-Phosphoglyceric acid (DL-2-phosphoglyceric acid) is a glycolytic substrate that is catalyzed by enolase to form phosphoenolpyruvate ester (PEP). 2-Phosphoglyceric acid inhibits the ferroptosis pathway by down-regulating *ACSL4* and up-regulating *GPX4*, and has significant neuroprotective effects. 2-Phosphoglyceric acid reflects the overall metabolic state and flux of the cell ^[2] .

HY-N0353

Curdione 2 Publications Verification (+)-Curdione	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Other Diseases Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification Zingiberaceae	Ferroptosis Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Autophagy Glutathione Peroxidase Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) TGF-β Receptor Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)
Curdione ((+)-Curdione) is an orally active sesquiterpenoid. Curdione inhibits platelet aggregation. Curdione induces ferroptosis in colorectal cancer via m6A methylation mediated by METTL14 and YTHDF2. Curdione inhibits ferroptosis in Isoproterenol (HY-B0468)-induced myocardial infarction by regulating the Keap1/Trx1/GPX4 signaling pathway, suppressing oxidative stress (ROS) and apoptosis. Curdione ameliorates Doxorubicin (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress (ROS) and activating the *Nrf2/HO-1* pathway. Curdione ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting platelet-mediated neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Curdione ameliorates Bleomycin (HY-17565A)-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Curdione exhibits neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Curdione exerts antiproliferative effects against human uterine leiomyosarcoma by targeting IDO1. Curdione protects vascular endothelial cells and atherosclerosis by regulating DNMT1-mediated ERBB4 promoter methylation. Curdione inhibits inducible prostaglandin E2 production (IC₅₀ = 1.1 μM) and cyclooxygenase 2 expression ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-113162

Bovinic acid 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) SOD
Bovinic acid is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent. Bovinic acid inhibits oxidative stress and ferroptosis by regulating the *Keap1-Nrf2* signaling pathway. Bovinic acid exerts hepatoprotective effects against alcohol-associated liver disease. Bovinic acid can be used for the research of alcohol-associated liver disease .

HY-N3097

Pellitorine	Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Piperaceae Plants Disease Research Fields Piper nigrum Linn. Biological Pesticide Research Source Classification Cancer Agricultural Research	TRP Channel Amyloid-β Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Ferroptosis PAI-1 NF-κB ERK Proton Pump Glutathione Peroxidase Thrombin Insecticide Bacterial
Pellitorine is a bioactive natural amide compound. Pellitorine can competitively antagonize the activation of TRPV1 by Capsaicin (HY-10448), thereby reducing pain signal transmission. Pellitorine improves cognitive dysfunction by upregulating the *BDNF-ERK1/2-CREB* and *Nrf2-HO-1* pathways. Pellitorine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-sepsis effects by inhibiting the release of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and the expression of *RAGE/TLR4. Pellitorine exerts its antithrombotic effect by prolonging the clotting time, inhibiting the activity of clotting factors and thrombin. Pellitorine inhibits lipid peroxidation and resists ferroptosis by upregulating GPX4* and DHODH. Pellitorine kills Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae by inhibiting V-type H⁺-ATPase and aquaporin 4 (AaAQP4). Pellitorine exhibits anti-cancer activity (e.g., leukemia and breast cancer) and has inhibitory effects on certain bacteria ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N6929

Angelic acid 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Umbelliferae Plants Echinacea angustifolia DC. Source Classification	Ferroptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Angelic acid is a ferroptosis inducer, targeting *NRF2* degradation. Angelic acid binds to NRF2 protein and promotes NRF2 degradation via ubiquitination-proteasome pathway, relieves the inhibitory effect of NRF2 on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Then, Angelic acid induces ferroptosis in tumor cells. Angelic acid can enhance the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), upregulate ferroptosis-related markers CHAC1 and PTGS2, and synergize with ferroptosis inducers to enhance anti-tumor effects. Angelic acid also has the activity of scavenging UVA-induced ROS in vitro, inhibiting skin fibroblast senescence and extracellular matrix degradation. Angelic Acid helps wound healing with sedative activity ^[2].

HY-Y1177

Diphenyl disulfide Phenyl disulfide	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	PI3K Akt mTOR Ferroptosis Apoptosis Autophagy Glutathione Peroxidase Keap1-Nrf2
Diphenyl disulfide (Phenyl disulfide) is an organic disulfide compound. Diphenyl disulfide inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and induces ferroptosis (ferroptosis), apoptosis (apoptosis) and autophagy (autophagy) in cancer cells. Diphenyl disulfide downregulates *GPX4* expression, inhibits *NRF2* phosphorylation, induces lipid peroxidation, promotes *xCT* ubiquitination, induces proteolytic cleavage of p21 Bax into p18 Bax, and suppresses cell proliferation and viability. Diphenyl disulfide can be used in research related to melanoma and breast cancer ^[2] .

HY-N11004

Erinacine C 1 Publications Verification	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Terpenoids Diterpenoids Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	NF-κB Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO)
Erinacine C is the inhibitor for NF-κB signaling pathway and the activator for *Nrf2* signaling pathway. Erinacine C exhibits antioxidant, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects ^[2].

HY-N0651

Spinosin 2 Publications Verification	Flavonoids Flavones Phenols Polyphenols Actaea dahurica Turcz. ex Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Plants Rhamnaceae Source Classification	Amyloid-β
Spinosyn is a kind of effective C-saccharide, which has a protective effect. Spinosyn is active through Nrf2/HO-1 pathway inhibition Aβ_1-42's production and combination ^[2] ^{[3 ]}.

HY-N4118

Cephaeline 1 Publications Verification (-)-Cephaeline; NSC 32944 free base	Infection Alkaloids Monophenols other families Classification of Application Fields Phenols Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Filovirus Flavivirus Keap1-Nrf2 Ferroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Cephaeline ((-)-Cephaeline), a desmethyl analog of Emetine, is a phenolic alkaloid in Indian Ipecac roots isolated from the Cephaelis ipecacuanha. Cephaeline exhibits potent inhibition of both Zika virus (ZIKV) and Ebola virus (EBOV) infections. Cephaeline is an inductor of histone H3 acetylation and an inhibitor of mucoepidermoid carcinoma cancer stem cells (MEC), which promotes ferroptosis by inhibiting *NRF2* to exert anti-lung cancer efficacy ^[2] ^[4].

HY-N0660

Jujuboside B	Cardiovascular Disease Triterpenes Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis PARP Caspase AMPK Autophagy VEGFR Keap1-Nrf2 STING 11β-HSD Ferroptosis PI3K Akt p38 MAPK ERK
Jujuboside B is a bioactive saponin component isolated from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (sour jujube seed), with oral efficacy and blood-brain barrier permeability. Jujuboside B induces acute leukemia cell death and drives necroptosis apoptosis by activating the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway. Jujuboside B upregulates the expression of NOXA, PARP and caspase-3, activates AMPK, inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer cells, and induces cell apoptosis and autophagy. Jujuboside B inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth by blocking the *VEGFR-2* signaling pathway. Jujuboside B alleviates liver injury in mice by regulating the *Nrf2-STING* signaling pathway . Jujuboside B alleviates liver injury by regulating anti-inflammatory responses and downregulating the expression of *11β-HSD2. Jujuboside B induces ferroptosis* and overcomes radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer via the PPARγ-ATF3-Gpx4 signaling pathway. Jujuboside B exerts inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation. Jujuboside B inhibits febrile seizures by suppressing the activity of AMPA receptors. Jujuboside B reverses chronic unpredictable mild stress-promoted tumor progression by blocking the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathways and dephosphorylating CREB signaling. Jujuboside B is applicable to related studies on acute leukemia, breast cancer, PM_2.5-induced lung injury, hepatotoxicity, liver injury, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, thromboembolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases associated with high platelet aggregation, febrile seizures, and depressive-like phenotypes ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N8698

Picein 1 Publications Verification	Nyssaceae Plants Saccharides Source Classification	SOD Ferroptosis Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO) Glutathione Peroxidase
Picein is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Picein can be isolated from the leaves of Picrorhiza kurroa. Picein reduces MDA levels and increases the levels of SOD, *GPX* and TAC. Picein alleviates oxidative stress and promotes bone regeneration in osteoporotic bone defects by inhibiting Ferroptosis (via activation of the *Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4* pathway). Picein prevents scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced passive avoidance memory impairment in rats. Picein can be used in research related to osteoporotic bone defects and Alzheimer's disease ^[2] .

HY-W009731

Dibenzoylmethane	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Metabolic Disease Plants Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Keap1-Nrf2
Dibenzoylmethane, a minor ingredient in licorice, activates *Nrf2* and prevents various cancers and oxidative damage. Dibenzoylmethane, an analog of curcumin, results in dissociation from Keap1 and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 .

HY-131592

Tricetin 1 Publications Verification	Flavonols Flavonoids Cupressaceae Thuja occidentalisLinn. Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Apoptosis Keap1-Nrf2
Tricetin is a potent competitive inhibitor of the *Keap1-Nrf2* Protein Protein Interaction (PPI). Tricetin protects against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity in Parkinson's disease model by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and preventing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway .

HY-N10549

Gigantol 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Orchidaceae Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Glucosinolates Plants Disease Research Fields Dendrobium nobile Lindl.	Ferroptosis c-Myc Glutathione Peroxidase JNK Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) GSK-3
Gigantol is an orally active bibenzyl compound. Gigantol targets MYC to promote its ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation and inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells. Gigantol exerts anti-lung cancer activity by inducing ferroptosis (Ferroptosis) via the *SLC7A11-GPX4* axis. Gigantol restores the sensitivity of mcr-harboring multidrug-resistant bacteria to colistin. Gigantol ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury by inhibiting the activation of the *JNK/cPLA2/12-LOX* inflammatory pathway. Gigantol promotes cholesterol metabolism and progesterone biosynthesis in Leydig cells. Gigantol can be used in studies related to diseases such as lung cancer, multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, and acute liver injury ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N3847

Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside Eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-glucoside	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Labiatae Flavonones Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Petalostemun purpureum Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2
Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside (Eriodictyol 7-O-β-D-glucoside), a flavonoid, is an *Nrf2* activator. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside exhibits significant scavenging effects on both hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions, with IC₅₀ values of 0.28 mM and 0.30 mM, respectively. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside increases the nuclear localization of *Nrf2* and induces the expression of the *Nrf2/ARE*-dependent genes. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside provides protection against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced oxidative insult. Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside demonstrates neuroprotective efficacy in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia (MCAO). Eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside can be used for the study of stroke ^[2] .

HY-N1970

5,7-Dihydroxychromone 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Flavonoids other families Phenols Polyphenols Plants Isoflavones Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 Caspase PARP Fungal
5,7-Dihydroxychromone is a flavonoid compound with antioxidant properties. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone induces Nrf2 nuclear translocation, increases Nrf2/ARE binding activity, and up-regulates Nrf2-dependent antioxidant genes HO-1, NQO1, GCLc. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone attenuates excessive ROS generation, inhibits activated caspase-3, caspase-9, cleaved PARP expression, and prevents neuronal apoptosis and cell death. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone increases LXRα and PPARγ mRNA expression, induces preadipocyte differentiation, and regulates blood glucose levels. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone inhibits radial growth of soil pathogenic fungi, radicle elongation of select seedlings, and transiently inhibits Bradyrhizobium sp. growth in high mannitol medium. 5,7-Dihydroxychromone can be used for the research of Parkinson’s disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and pathogenic fungal infection ^[2] .

HY-N6953

Garcinone D 4 Publications Verification	Xanthones Guttiferae Phenols Polyphenols Garcinia mangostana Linn. Plants Source Classification	STAT Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Garcinone D is an activator of the STAT3/Cyclin D1 and *Nrf2/HO-1* pathways, and an inhibitor of *CDK2/CyclinE1* (IC₅₀ for CDK2/CyclinE1 is 28.23 μM). Garcinone D promotes neural stem cell proliferation by activating STAT3 phosphorylation and Cyclin D1 expression and enhancing the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In addition, Garcinone D blocks the tumor cell cycle by inhibiting CDK2/CyclinE1. Garcinone D can promote the proliferation of C17.2 neural stem cells and inhibit prostate and breast cancer ^[2].

HY-N0385

Gomisin J 3 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Lignans Phenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Schisandraceae Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Disease Research Fields Source Classification	NO Synthase AMPK CaMK NF-κB Keap1-Nrf2
Gomisin J is a Schisandra chinensis-derived lignan that can inhibit multiple targets such as eNOS, AMPK (LKB1, CaMKIIβ), fetuin-A, NF-κB, *Nrf2/HO-1, and can pass through the blood-brain barrier. Gomisin J increases NO bioavailability by activating eNOS, regulates lipid metabolism by activating the AMPK* pathway, inhibits fetuin-A and NF-κB to exert anti-inflammatory effects, and activates Nrf2/HO-1 to enhance antioxidant capacity. Gomisin J has the activities of anti-hypertension, regulating liver lipid metabolism, and reducing cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and can be used for research on hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, etc ^[2] .

HY-N2157

Pteryxin 1 Publications Verification (+)-Pteryxin	Coumarins Phenylpropanoids Umbelliferae Plants Achillea atrata L. Source Classification	Cholinesterase (ChE) NF-κB NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Keap1-Nrf2 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) p38 MAPK
Pteryxin ((+)-Pteryxin) is an orally active multi-target inhibitor that targets NF-κB, MAPK, NLRP3 inflammasome, and *Nrf2/ARE* pathways. Pteryxin is also a BChE inhibitor (IC₅₀=12.96 μg/mL) with a low inhibitory efficiency on AChE. Pteryxin inhibits the Ca ²⁺-calcineurin-NFATc1 pathway by blocking NF-κB/MAPK signaling, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reducing ROS generation, and activates Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzyme expression. Pteryxin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and osteoclastogenesis inhibitory activities. Pteryxin can be used in the study of inflammatory diseases, osteoporosis, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-122550

Artemisitene 4 Publications Verification	Piscidia erythrina L. Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Plants Compositae Source Classification	Keap1-Nrf2 Topoisomerase Apoptosis
Artemisitene, a natural derivative of Artemisinin, is a *Nrf2* activator with antioxidant and anticancer activities. Artemisitene activates Nrf2 by decreasing Nrf2 ubiquitination and increasing its stability ^[2].

HY-N0606

Ginsenoside Rh3 1 Publications Verification	Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Araliaceae Source Classification	Quinone Reductase Keap1-Nrf2
Ginsenoside Rh3 is a bacterial metabolite of Ginsenoside Rg5. Ginsenoside Rh3 treatment in human retinal cells induces *Nrf2* activation.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-N0682S3

Pyridoxine-13C4 hydrochloride
Pyridoxine- ¹³C₄ (hydrochloride) is the ¹³C-labeled Pyridoxine (hydrochloride). Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) is a pyridine derivative. Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.

HY-16561S

Resveratrol-d4

Resveratrol-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Resveratrol. Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol; SRT501), a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol (SRT 501) has a wide spectrum of targets including mTOR, JAK, β-amyloid, Adenylyl cyclase, IKKβ, DNA polymerase. Resveratrol also is a specific SIRT1 activator ^[2] ^[4]. Resveratrol is a potent pregnane X receptor (PXR) inhibitor . Resveratrol is an Nrf2 activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury in mice model . Resveratrol increases production of NO in endothelial cells .

HY-14649S4

Retinoic acid-d5

Retinoic acid-d₅ is the the deuterium labeled Retinoic acid (HY-14649). Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC₅₀s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with K_d of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N0005S

Curcumin-d6

Curcumin-d₆ (Diferuloylmethane-d₆ ) is deuterium labeled Curcumin (HY-N0005). Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), a natural phenolic compound, is a p300/CREB-binding protein-specific inhibitor of acetyltransferase, represses the acetylation of histone/nonhistone proteins and histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin transcription. Curcumin is a photosensitizer against microorganisms. Curcumin shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs, and has diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin induces stabilization of Nrf2 protein through Keap1 cysteine modification.

HY-N0682S1

Pyridoxine-d2 hydrochloride
Pyridoxine-d₂ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Pyridoxine hydrochloride. Pyridoxine hydrochloride is a pyridine derivative. Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.

HY-Y0669S

Pipecolic acid-d9
Pipecolic acid-d₉ is the deuterium labeled Pipecolic acid. Pipecolic acid is a metabolite of lysine and an important precursor for many useful microbial secondary metabolites. Pipecolic acid slows ferroptosis in diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting the *YAP-GPX4* signaling pathway. In addition, Pipecolic acid can be used as a diagnostic marker for pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy ^[2] .

HY-17363S1

Dimethyl fumarate-d2

Dimethyl fumarate-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Dimethyl fumarate . Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an orally active and brain-penetrant Nrf2 activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression. Dimethyl fumarate induces necroptosis in colon cancer cells through GSH depletion/ROS increase/MAPKs activation pathway, and also induces cell autophagy. Dimethyl fumarate can be used for multiple sclerosis research ^[2] .

HY-N5060S

Estragole-d4

Estragole-d₄ is deuterated labeled Estragole (HY-N5060). Estragole (4-Allylanisole) is a relatively nontoxic volatile terpenoid ether and major component of the essential oil from many plants. Estragole significantly triggers Apoptosis, suppresses LPS-induced intracellular ROS production. Estragole activats Nrf-2 and regulates NF-κB. Estragole has anti-toxoplasma, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Estragole blocks DRG neuron excitability. Estragole has improves gastric ulcer activity ^[2] ^[4] [10] .

HY-N0682S

Pyridoxine-d3 hydrochloride
Pyridoxine-d₃ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Pyridoxine hydrochloride. Pyridoxine hydrochloride (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) is a pyridine derivative. Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol; Vitamin B6) exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.

HY-17376S1

Ezetimibe-d4-1
Ezetimibe-d₄-1 is deuterium labeled Ezetimibe. Ezetimibe (SCH 58235) is a potent cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Ezetimibe is a Niemann-Pick C1-like1 (NPC1L1) inhibitor, and is a potent Nrf2 activator.

HY-17376S

Ezetimibe-d4
Ezetimibe-d₄ (SCH 58235-d₄) is the deuterium labeled Ezetimibe (HY-17376). Ezetimibe (SCH 58235) is a potent cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Ezetimibe is a Niemann-Pick C1-like1 (NPC1L1) inhibitor, and is a potent Nrf2 activator.

HY-B1811AS1

Vasopressin-d5 TFA

Vasopressin-d5 TFA is the TFA salt form of Vasopressin-d5 (HY-B1811S1). Vasopressin-d5 TFA is an isotope-labeled compound of Vasopressin (HY-B1811). Vasopressin is a cyclic nonapeptide that is synthesized centrally in the hypothalamus. Vasopressin participates in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and regulates pituitary corticotropin secretion by potentiating the stimulatory effects of the corticotropin-releasing factor. Vasopressin also can act as a neurotransmitter, exerting its action by binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors ^[2] .

HY-N1902S

4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d6
4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid. 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, a major microbiota-derived metabolite of polyphenols, is involved in the antioxidative action. 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid induces expression of Nrf2 .

HY-W015600S

2-Acetamidophenol-d3

2-Acetamidophenol-d₃ (Orthocetamol-d₃) is the deuterium labeled 2-Acetamidophenol (HY-W015600). 2-Acetamidophenol (Orthocetamol) is a regulator that targets ferroptosis and glutathione metabolic pathways, is the ortho-regioisomer of Paracetamol (HY-66005). 2-Acetamidophenol has anti-atherosclerotic activity, and inhibiting total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model with IC50s for 30 μM and 40 μM, respectively. 2-Acetamidophenol upregulates the expression of glutathione synthesis-related genes (such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS) and iron ion transport genes (such as FPN1, FTH), reduces the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferrous ions (Fe2+), and enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase GPX4, thereby inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and foam cell formation ^[2].

HY-100573S

Necrosulfonamide-d4

Necrosulfonamide-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Necrosulfonamide (HY-100573). Necrosulfonamide is a MLKL and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) inhibitor, capable of separately inhibiting necroptosis and pyroptosis of cells. Necrosulfonamide does not affect the activation of upstream signals, but specifically inhibits the downstream executor oligomerization step. Necrosulfonamide reduces the expression of the key kinases NLRP3 and caspase-1 involved in necroptosis and pyroptosis, activate the Nrf2 pathway and the downstream antioxidant enzymes, and also downregulates a variety of inflammatory factors. Necrosulfonamide plays significant roles in various diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases (such as Parkinson’s disease), tissue damage and ischemia-reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease, osteoarthritis and fracture repair, and hair loss by regulating two important programmed necrosis pathways.

HY-113308S1

Taurolithocholic acid-d4

Taurolithocholic acid-d₄ is deuterium labeled Taurolithocholic acid. Taurolithocholic acid is an orally active bile acid and antiviral agent. Taurolithocholic acid upregulates FADS2 by activating the TGR5-PI3K/AKT-SREBP2 signaling axis, inhibits SFTSV-induced ferroptosis, viral replication and viral entry of HBV/HDV, while reducing the release of IL-1β, lipid ROS and LDH. While exerting antiviral protective effects, Taurolithocholic acid also stimulates the recycling of hepatocellular membrane transporters, impairs canalicular bile acid secretion function, and induces hepatocyte cholestasis, apoptosis and acute hepatocellular injury. Taurolithocholic acid serves as an experimental model compound for hepatocellular cholestasis. At concentrations ≤200 μM, Taurolithocholic acid shows no cytotoxicity and does not activate the interferon pathway. Taurolithocholic acid not only protects mice from lethal SFTSV infection but also is suitable for studies related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and cholestasis ^[2] ^[4].

HY-17363S

Dimethyl fumarate-d6
Dimethyl fumarate-d₆ is a deuterium labeled Dimethyl fumarate. Dimethyl fumarate is a nuclear factor (erythroid-derived)-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway activator and induces upregulation of antioxidant gene expression ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N1902S1

4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d4
4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid . 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, a major microbiota-derived metabolite of polyphenols, is involved in the antioxidative action. 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid induces expression of Nrf2 ^[2].

HY-17355BS

Dexpramipexole-d3 dihydrochloride

Dexpramipexole-d₃ ((R)-Pramipexole-d₃) dihydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Dexpramipexole. Dexpramipexole ((R)-Pramipexole) dihydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable mitochondrial protective agent. Dexpramipexole dihydrochloride upregulates the expression of Parkin, PINK1, GPX4 and FSP1; binds to mitochondrial F1/Fo-ATP synthase; blocks the Na_v1.8 sodium channel; and inhibits the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Dexpramipexole dihydrochloride induces mitophagy, inhibits ferroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, neuroinflammation and eosinophilopoiesis; maintains mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis; reduces reactive oxygen species production; and decreases myocardial infarct size. Dexpramipexole dihydrochloride is applicable to studies on eosinophilic asthma, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, sepsis-associated encephalopathy, analgesia, and more.

HY-W701218

Sulforaphane-d8

Sulforaphane-d₈ is the deuterium labeled Sulforaphane (HY-13755). Sulforaphane is an orally active inducer of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Sulforaphane promotes the transcription of tumor-suppressing proteins and effectively inhibits the activity of HDACs. Through the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway and further induction of HO-1 expression, Sulforaphane protects the heart. Sulforaphane suppresses high glucose-induced pancreatic cancer through AMPK-dependent signal transmission. Sulforaphane exhibits both anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-Y1322S

Triphenyl phosphate-d15

Triphenyl phosphate-d₁₅ is the deuterium labeled Triphenyl phosphate. Triphenyl phosphate is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable aryl organophosphate flame retardant and endocrine disruptor. Triphenyl phosphate disrupts mitochondrial dynamic balance through oxidative stress, induces excessive mitophagy and apoptosis, and ultimately leads to myocardial fibrosis. In the brain, Triphenyl phosphate activates the NF-κB inflammatory pathway by disrupting the gut microbiota, alters tryptophan metabolism and elevates neurotoxins, thereby inducing anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. In the skeletal and reproductive systems, Triphenyl phosphate inhibits osteoblast differentiation and induces germ cell apoptosis by suppressing the MAPK/ERK pathway and activating the JNK signal, respectively. In adipose and placental tissues, Triphenyl phosphate promotes lipid accumulation by activating the PI3K/AKT-PPARγ axis, and disrupts placental metabolism via the MAOA/ROS/NF-κB cascade, impairing neurodevelopment of offspring.

HY-N0168AS1

(Rac)-Hesperetin-13C,d3

(Rac)-Hesperetin- ¹³C,d₃ is the ¹³C- and deuterium labeled (Rac)-Hesperetin. (Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin (HY-N0168), an orally active multi-target inhibitor. (Rac)-Hesperetin exhibits significant anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities by blocking the TGF-β1-mediated Fyn/RhoA signaling axis and the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB inflammatory pathway. (Rac)-Hesperetin inhibits the formation of actin stress fibers and the migration and invasion of cancer cells, and is suitable for triple-negative breast cancer research. In inflammation models, (Rac)-Hesperetin effectively alleviates lung injury by reducing the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and regulating the activity of oxidative stress enzymes, and is suitable for acute lung injury research. (Rac)-Hesperetin also interferes with the entry and early replication processes of channel catfish virus, inhibits viral gene expression and progeny virus production, thereby protecting cells from virus-induced cytopathic effects ^[2] .

HY-W704787

Monoethyl fumarate-d5
Monoethyl fumarate-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Monoethyl fumarate (HY-W019696). Monoethyl fumarate is the monoethyl ester form of Fumaric acid (HY-W015883). Monoethyl fumarate is the activator for Nrf2. Monoethyl fumarate is a kind of effective preservative and polymerization agent for macromolecular material ^[2].

HY-14664CS

(3S,5R)-Fluvastatin-d6 sodium
(3S,5R)-Fluvastatin-d₆ (sodium)?is the deuterium labeled (3S,5R)-Fluvastatin sodium. Fluvastatin is a first fully synthetic, competitive?HMG-CoA reductase?inhibitor with an IC₅₀?of 8 nM. Fluvastatin protects vascular smooth muscle cells against oxidative stress through the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway .

HY-B0916S

Propoxur-d3

Propoxur-d₃ is the deuterated form of Propoxur (HY-B0916). Propoxur is a reversible, competitive, orally active AChE inhibitor that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Propoxur inhibits AChE activity to induce neurotoxicity, while promoting MMP-2 expression and enhancing tumor cell migration and invasion by inducing intracellular ROS generation and activating the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. On the one hand, Propoxur inhibits AChE, leading to acetylcholine accumulation and causing neurological dysfunction; on the other hand, it promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation through ROS-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and upregulates MMP-2 and other invasion-related proteins. Propoxur is also a carbamate insecticide used to combat turf, forestry, and household pests ^[2] ^[4].

HY-W001083S1

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d5

2-(3-Hydroxyphenyl-2,4,6-d₃)acetic-2,2-d₂ acid is the deuterium labeled 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HY-W001083). 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders.

HY-14649S2

11-cis-Retinoic Acid-d5

11-cis-Retinoic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Retinoic acid. Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC50s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with Kd of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha[1][2].

HY-14649S3

Retinoic acid-d6

Retinoic acid-d₆ is the deuterium labeled Retinoic acid[1]. Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC50s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with Kd of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha[2][3][4][5][6][7].

HY-N0005S1

Curcumin-d3

Curcumin-d₃ (Diferuloylmethane-d₃ ) is deuterium labeled Curcumin (HY-N0005). Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), a natural phenolic compound, is a p300/CREB-binding protein-specific inhibitor of acetyltransferase, represses the acetylation of histone/nonhistone proteins and histone acetyltransferase-dependent chromatin transcription. Curcumin is a photosensitizer against microorganisms. Curcumin shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs, and has diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin induces stabilization of Nrf2 protein through Keap1 cysteine modification.

HY-16561S1

Resveratrol-13C6

Resveratrol- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled Resveratrol. Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol; SRT501), a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol (SRT 501) has a wide spectrum of targets including mTOR, JAK, β-amyloid, Adenylyl cyclase, IKKβ, DNA polymerase. Resveratrol also is a specific SIRT1 activator ^[2] ^[4]. Resveratrol is a potent pregnane X receptor (PXR) inhibitor . Resveratrol is an Nrf2 activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury in mice model . Resveratrol increases production of NO in endothelial cells .

HY-W018161S

Hexadecanedioic acid-d28

Hexadecanedioic acid-d₂₈ is the deuterium labeled Hexadecanedioic acid (HY-W018161). Hexadecanedioic acid (Thapsic acid) is an orally active metabolite produced by B. uniformis. Hexadecanedioic acid inhibits IRE1α-XBP1s-mediated flipogenesis and ferroptosis. Hexadecanedioic acid downregulates XBP1 and Hrd1 expression, activates the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway. Hexadecanedioic acid can be used for the research of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease .

HY-N0059S1

D-Arabinose-13C-1

D-Arabinose- ¹³C-1 is the ¹³C labeled D-Arabinose (HY-N0059). D-Arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC₅₀ is 7.5 mM). D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-Arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-Arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-?Arabinose (HY-N7082) ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-N0059S3

D-Arabinose-13C-3

D-Arabinose- ¹³C-3 is the ¹³C labeled D-Arabinose (HY-N0059). D-Arabinose is is an orally active antidepressant and a growth inhibitor of C. elegans (IC₅₀ is 7.5 mM). D-Arabinose can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, selectively interfere with the metabolism of D-ribose and D-fructose, and inhibit the growth of nematodes. D-Arabinose can also inhibit the synthesis of cell biofilm and exert antibacterial activity. D-Arabinose activates the ACSS2-PPARγ/TFEB-CRTC1 axis through the lysosomal AXIN-LKB1-AMPK pathway, inducing CRTC1 transcription, exerts antidepressant-like activity. D-Arabinose is the ring-opened form of the aldopentose D-?Arabinose (HY-N7082) ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-113308AS1

Taurolithocholic Acid-d5 sodium salt

Taurolithocholic Acid-d₅ (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Taurolithocholic acid sodium salt. Taurolithocholic Acid sodium salt is an orally active bile acid and antiviral agent. Taurolithocholic Acid sodium salt upregulates FADS2 by activating the TGR5-PI3K/AKT-SREBP2 signaling axis, inhibits SFTSV-induced ferroptosis, viral replication and viral entry of HBV/HDV, while reducing the release of IL-1β, lipid ROS and LDH. While exerting antiviral protective effects, Taurolithocholic Acid sodium salt also stimulates the recycling of hepatocellular membrane transporters, impairs canalicular bile acid secretion function, and induces hepatocyte cholestasis, apoptosis and acute hepatocellular injury. Taurolithocholic Acid sodium salt serves as an experimental model compound for hepatocellular cholestasis. At concentrations ≤200 μM, Taurolithocholic Acid sodium salt shows no cytotoxicity and does not activate the interferon pathway. Taurolithocholic Acid sodium salt not only protects mice from lethal SFTSV infection but also is suitable for studies related to severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and cholestasis ^[2] ^[4].

HY-112675S

4-Octyl itaconate-13C5-1
4-Octyl itaconate- ¹³C₅-1 is ¹³C-labeled 4-Octyl itaconate (HY-112675). Itaconate is an anti-inflammatory metabolite that activates *Nrf2* via alkylation of KEAP1.

HY-B1971S1

Deltamethrin-d6

Deltamethrin-d₆ (Decamethrin-d₆) is deuterium labeled Deltamethrin. Deltamethrin (Decamethrin) is an orally active synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Deltamethrin induces oxidative stress and results in inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Deltamethrin has an anticancer effect by inducing apoptosis. Deltamethrin can be used extensively in pest control ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-14664DS

(3S,5R)-Fluvastatin-d6
(3S,5R)-Fluvastatin-d₆ is the deuterium labeled (3S,5R)-Fluvastatin sodium. Fluvastatin is a first fully synthetic, competitive?HMG-CoA reductase?inhibitor with an IC₅₀?of 8 nM. Fluvastatin protects vascular smooth muscle cells against oxidative stress through the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway .

HY-N0761AS

trans-Isoferulic acid-d3

trans-Isoferulic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled trans-Isoferulic acid . trans-Isoferulic acid (trans-3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid isolated from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena. trans-Isoferulic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory activity ^[2].trans-isoferulic acid suppresses NO and PGE2 production through the induction of Nrf2-dependent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) .

HY-17376S3

Ezetimibe-13C6
Ezetimibe- ¹³C₆ (SCH 58235- ¹³C₆) is the ¹³C-labeled Ezetimibe (HY-17376). Ezetimibe (SCH 58235) is a potent cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Ezetimibe is a Niemann-Pick C1-like1 (NPC1L1) inhibitor, and is a potent Nrf2 activator.

HY-12519S

Oltipraz-d3
Oltipraz-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Oltipraz. Oltipraz has an inhibitory effect on HIF-1α activation in a time-dependent manner, completely abrogating HIF-1α induction at ≥10 μM concentrations, the IC50 of Oltipraz for HIF-1α inhibition is 10 μM. Oltipraz is a potent Nrf2 activator.

HY-D0205AS1

Carbocisteine-13C3-1

Carbocisteine- ¹³C₃-1 (Carbocysteine- ¹³C₃-1) is ¹³C labeled Carbocisteine. Carbocisteine is an orally active mucolytic agent. Carbocisteine attenuates the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2. Carbocisteine modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay. Carbocisteine inhibits Apoptosis. Carbocisteine is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research ^[2] ^[4] .

HY-A0024S

Tolterodine-d14 hydrochloride

Tolterodine-d₁₄ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Tolterodine hydrochloride . Tolterodine ((R)-(+)-Tolterodine) is a mAChR inhibitor and substrate for cytochrome P450 enzymes. Tolterodine competitively binds acetylcholine, reduces sympathetic excitation, and inhibits involuntary bladder muscle contraction. Tolterodine restores the Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway, mediates protection against inflammatory response and ferroptosis. Tolterodine ameliorates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced reactive oxygen species production and lipid oxidation. Tolterodine can be used for the research of urinary tract infections and overactive bladder.

HY-14649S5

Retinoic acid-d3

Retinoic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Retinoic acid (HY-14649). Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC₅₀s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with Kd of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha ^[2] .

HY-14649S6

Retinoic acid-d3-1

Retinoic acid-d₃-1 is the deuterium labeled Retinoic acid (HY-14649). Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC₅₀s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with Kd of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha ^[2] .

HY-W747703

Hippuric acid-13C6

Hippuric acid- ¹³C₆ (Benzoylglycine- ¹³C₆) is ¹³C labeled Hippuric acid. Hippuric Acid is an orally active metabolite. Hippuric Acid can be produced by intestinal microorganisms from the metabolism of polyphenols, benzoic acid. Hippuric Acid decreases NRF2, MMP9 and leads to ROS accumulation. Hippuric Acid activates TGFβ/SMAD signaling. Hippuric Acid improves hyperuricemia and colitis. Hippuric Acid can also be used in cardiovascular disease research ^[2] ^[4]. .

HY-121246S

Fluorofenidone-d3

Fluorofenidone-d₃ (AKF-PD-d3) is deuterium labeled Fluorofenidone (AKF-PD) (HY-121246). Fluorofenidone is an orally active compound with anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects. Fluorofenidone downregulates the expression of ACSL4, upregulates GPX4 expression and inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate inflammation and fibrosis. Fluorofenidone ameliorates cholestasis and fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic Erk/-Egr-1 signaling and Tgfβ1/Smad pathway in mice. Fluorofenidone demonstrates protective effects against chronic lung injury in mice. Fluorofenidone can be used for the study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (PIF) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ^[2] .

HY-B1328S1

Pyridoxine-d3
Pyridoxine-d3 is a deuterium labeled Pyridoxine. Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol) is a pyridine derivative. Pyridoxine exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway ^[2].

HY-B1328S2

Pyridoxine-d2
Pyridoxine-d₂ (Pyridoxol-d₂) is deuterium labeled Pyridoxine. Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol) is a pyridine derivative. Pyridoxine exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.

HY-B1328S3

Pyridoxine-13C4
Pyridoxine- ¹³C₄ (Pyridoxol- ¹³C₄) is ¹³C labeled Pyridoxine. Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol) is a pyridine derivative. Pyridoxine exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.

HY-B1328S

Pyridoxine-d5
Pyridoxine-d₅ (Pyridoxol-d₅) is a deuterium labeled Pyridoxine (HY-B1328). Pyridoxine (Pyridoxol) is a pyridine derivative. Pyridoxine exerts antioxidant effects in cell model of Alzheimer's disease via the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.

Targets Recommended: Keap1-Nrf2

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-112005G

DOPE Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine; 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine	Ferroptosis Glutathione Peroxidase ACSL Family Amino acid Transporter	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
DOPE GMP is DOPE (HY-112005) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. DOPE (Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine; 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine) is an orally active inhibitor of ferroptosis with anti-inflammatory and intestinal barrier maintenance activities. DOPE regulates the expression of *ACSL4, SLC7A11* and *GPX4* to restore the redox system balance, thereby reducing the levels of lipid peroxides, iron ions and intestinal inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-6). DOPE promotes the migration and proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells and increases the level of tight junction proteins; it also destabilizes endosomal membranes, mediates the conjugation of RVG peptides with mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes to enhance brain targeting. DOPE can be applied to research related to neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and Alzheimer's disease ^[2] ^[4].

HY-16561G

Resveratrol trans-Resveratrol; SRT501	DNA/RNA Synthesis IKK Autophagy Mitophagy Sirtuin Apoptosis Bacterial Fungal Keap1-Nrf2	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Resveratrol (GMP) is Resveratrol (HY-16561) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules work appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Resveratrol (trans-Resveratrol; SRT501), a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin that possesses anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anti-cancer properties. Resveratrol (SRT 501) has a wide spectrum of targets including mTOR, JAK, β-amyloid, Adenylyl cyclase, IKKβ, DNA polymerase. Resveratrol also is a specific SIRT1 activator ^[2] ^[4]. Resveratrol is a potent pregnane X receptor (PXR) inhibitor . Resveratrol is an *Nrf2* activator, ameliorates aging-related progressive renal injury in mice model . Resveratrol increases production of NO in endothelial cells .

HY-13689G

Go 6983	PKC Histone Methyltransferase DNA Methyltransferase DNA/RNA Synthesis	Inflammation/Immunology
Go 6983 GMP is Go 6983 (HY-13689) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Go 6983 is a dual inhibitor targeting Suv39h1/2 (KMT1A/KMT1B) and PKC, as well as a transcriptional activator capable of inducing DNA hypomethylation. Go 6983 stimulates the transcription of Prdm14 by reducing Suv39h1/2 protein levels, decreasing histone modifications in the Prdm14 promoter region, and increasing the recruitment of RNA polymerase II. Go 6983 induces genome-wide DNA hypomethylation by inhibiting de novo methyltransferase expression and increasing *Tet1/Tet2* levels, thereby promoting self-renewal and pluripotency maintenance of stem cells. Meanwhile, Go 6983 can block PKC-mediated signaling pathways to reduce the expression of EMT-related genes and eliminate the upregulation of antioxidant genes downstream of *NRF2*. Go 6983 is mainly used in mechanism studies related to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury ^[2] .

HY-138794G

XL177A	Deubiquitinase SARS-CoV Histone Demethylase	Cancer
XL177A GMP is XL177A (HY-138794) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. XL177A is a covalent USP7 inhibitor that blocks the deubiquitinase activity of USP7. XL177A destabilizes non-canonical PRC1 complexes or KDM6A and reduces chromatin deposition of *H2AK119Ub, thereby relieving the repression of neuronal differentiation programs. Meanwhile, XL177A also regulates the ELOF1-UVSSA-USP7-nuclear β-catenin* axis, decreasing the transcription levels of related proteins and the accumulation of nuclear β-catenin. XL177A exerts antiviral effects by reducing the expression levels of coronavirus receptors, and exhibits inhibitory activity against APC-mutated colorectal cancer cells, neuroblastoma, and coronaviruses including *SARS-CoV-2* variants. XL177A is mainly used in studies related to colorectal cancer, neuroblastoma, and coronavirus infections ^[2] ^[4].

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