GPX4 activator 2
Based on 1 Customer Validation
GPX4 activator 2 is a GPX4 activator with a Ka value of 0.426 μM for human GPX4. GPX4 activator 2 reduces lipid hydroperoxide levels, prevents lipid peroxide accumulation, and inhibits ferroptosis. GPX4 activator 2 rescues cell death induced by Erastin (HY-15763). GPX4 activator 2 exerts cardioprotective effects in a mouse model of doxorubicin (HY-15142A)-induced myocardial injury.
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- Purity : 99.23%
- CAS No.: 950365-31-8
- 화학식: C20H26N6O2S
- 분자량:414.52
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보관:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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용액&용해도
- Protocol
- 순도&문서
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
제품 설명
IC50 & Target
[1]|
GPX4 0.426 μM (Kd) |
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
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| HT-1080 | EC50 |
7.8 μM
Compound: C3
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Reversal of erastin induced cell death in human HT-1080 cells assessed as cell viability preincubated for 1 hr followed by erastin addition and measured after 24 hrs by CCK8 method
Reversal of erastin induced cell death in human HT-1080 cells assessed as cell viability preincubated for 1 hr followed by erastin addition and measured after 24 hrs by CCK8 method
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[PMID: 39096818] |
In Vitro
GPX4 activator 2 (compound C3) rescues Erastin (HY-15763)-induced ferroptosis in HT1080 cells with an EC50 of 7.80 μM (24 h)[1].
GPX4 activator 2 (10 μM; 2 h) prevents erastin-induced lipid peroxide accumulation in HT1080 cells[1].
GPX4 activator 2 binds to purified human GPX4 protein at regions covering peptides 18-29, 68-87, and 92-102[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
In Vivo
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Mice with Myocardial injury (8-week-old male)[1]
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Dosage:10 mg/kg; 25 mg/kg
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Administration:i.p.; single injection 24h pre-DOX
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Result:Reduced serum MDA levels to ~3.2 μM, cardiac MDA levels to ~240 μmol/mg, and cardiac AST levels to ~105 U/L at 10 mg/kg compared to DOX model group (serum MDA ~4.1 μM, cardiac MDA ~380 μmol/mg, cardiac AST ~130 U/L).
Reduced serum MDA levels to ~2.2 μM, cardiac MDA levels to ~180 μmol/mg, and cardiac AST levels to ~85 U/L at 25 mg/kg.
Reduced nuclear pyknosis, vacuolar degeneration, and inflammatory infiltration at 10 mg/kg compared to Doxorubicin model.
Showed nearly normal myocardial cell arrangement, no significant vacuolar degeneration or fibrosis, and minimal inflammatory infiltration or nuclear damage at 25 mg/kg.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 950365-31-8
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Appearance Solid
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분자량 414.52
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화학식 C20H26N6O2S
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
CN(CC1)CCN1C2=NN=C(S2)N3C=CC=C3CNC4=CC=C(OC)C=C4OC
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
용액&용해도
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (241.24 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (15.08 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (62.5 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (15.08 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 6.25 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (62.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocol
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Mammalian live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining
Live/dead viability and cytotoxicity staining assays are based on the simultaneous detection of intracellular esterase activity in metabolically active (viable) cells and membrane integrity loss in non-viable cells. In commonly used dual-staining approaches, membrane-permeant fluorogenic substrates are converted by intracellular esterases into fluorescent products in live cells, while impermeant DNA-binding dyes selectively enter cells with compromised plasma membranes and label nucleic acids in dead or dying cells, enabling discrimination between viable and non-viable populations by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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Ferroptosis Solutions
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death characterized by lethal lipid peroxidation and sensitivity to suppression by iron chelators or lipophilic radical-trapping antioxidants. The core pathway links cystine uptake through system Xc−, glutathione availability, GPX4-dependent detoxification of phospholipid hydroperoxides, iron-dependent oxidative reactions, and polyunsaturated-phospholipid metabolism into a cell-death program that is biochemically and morphologically distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. The ferroptosis pathway is experimentally linked to phenotype through chemical and genetic perturbation. Erastin induces ferroptosis by inhibiting cystine uptake through system Xc− and weakening antioxidant defenses, while GPX4 inhibition or depletion causes lipid peroxide accumulation and ferroptotic cancer-cell death. ACSL4 and oxidizable arachidonoyl- or adrenoyl-containing phosphatidylethanolamines shape ferroptosis sensitivity by con
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How to Choose the Right Model Animal
Choosing the right model animal is a validity-driven decision in which the species, strain, sex, age, genetic background, disease-induction method, outcome measures, and welfare burden must match the scientific question rather than laboratory tradition or convenience. A model should be selected by judging face validity, construct validity, and predictive validity: whether it resembles the human phenotype, whether it reproduces relevant mechanisms, and whether results are likely to predict human biology or treatment response. Animal studies often fail to translate because of species differences, weak disease resemblance, poor experimental design, inadequate reporting, publication bias, and underuse of randomization, blinding, and sample-size justification. Unresolved questions include how to rank competing models objectively, how much human-disease complexity must be reproduced for a given objective, and when non-animal systems such as organoids, ex vivo tissue, or computational models
순도&문서
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Data Sheet (275 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 2.4124 mL | 12.0621 mL | 24.1243 mL | 60.3107 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4825 mL | 2.4124 mL | 4.8249 mL | 12.0621 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2412 mL | 1.2062 mL | 2.4124 mL | 6.0311 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.1608 mL | 0.8041 mL | 1.6083 mL | 4.0207 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1206 mL | 0.6031 mL | 1.2062 mL | 3.0155 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.0965 mL | 0.4825 mL | 0.9650 mL | 2.4124 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.0804 mL | 0.4021 mL | 0.8041 mL | 2.0104 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0603 mL | 0.3016 mL | 0.6031 mL | 1.5078 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0482 mL | 0.2412 mL | 0.4825 mL | 1.2062 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0402 mL | 0.2010 mL | 0.4021 mL | 1.0052 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0302 mL | 0.1508 mL | 0.3016 mL | 0.7539 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0241 mL | 0.1206 mL | 0.2412 mL | 0.6031 mL |
GPX4 activator 2 Related Classifications
HY-161929 Related Classifications
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