Cat. No.: HY-W001083

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

1 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.03%
CAS No.: 621-37-4
Formula: C₈H₈O₃
Molecular Weight:152.15

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 621-37-4

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (1)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

GPX4

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms :

All Glutathione Peroxidase Isoforms :

GPX1
GPX4

All Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoforms :

In Vitro

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (0-50 μM; 6-9 h) can enhance total ALDH activity and completely inhibit acetaldehyde-induced cytotoxicity in mouse hepatocellular carcinoma Hepa1c1c7 cells^[1].
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (0.1-1 mM) can induce dose-dependent vasodilation in porcine coronary artery segments^[2].
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (50 μM; 48 h) can inhibit cell apoptosis, reduce ROS production, decrease MDA levels, increase GPx activity, and upregulate GPX4 protein expression in H₂O₂-induced senescent GC-2 cells^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis^[3]

Cell Line:

GC-2 cells treated H₂O₂
Concentration:

50 μM
Incubation Time:

48 h
Result:

Significantly increased GPX4 protein expression, although no change was found for FTL, ACSL4, and xCT.

In Vivo

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (0.001-10 mg/kg; intravenous bolus; single dose) can reduce arterial blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats^[2].
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (25 mg/kg; oral gavage; 6 weeks) can improve spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (average weight 356 ± 21 g)^[2]
Dosage:

0.001, 0.01. 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg (the volume applied was always 0.1 mL)
Administration:

Intravenous bolus; single dose
Result:

Decreased the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures of SHR in a dose-dependent manner, with 0.01 mg/kg significantly reducing diastolic pressure and 10 mg/kg showing the most significant antihypertensive effect.
Had no significant effect on heart rate.

Animal Model:

Male C57BL/6J mice aged 18-20 months old^[3]
Dosage:

25 mg/kg
Administration:

Oral gavage; 6 weeks
Result:

Increased sperm concentration.
Improved spermatogenesis with better-organized seminiferous tubules and increased numbers of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa.
Increased the expression of GPX4 and NRF2.
Increased total GPx activity, level of GSH, and ratio of GSH/GSSG, along with decreased MDA abundance, indicating restrained ferroptosis.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 621-37-4
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 152.15
Formula C₈H₈O₃
Color White to off-white
SMILES

OC1=CC=CC(CC(O)=O)=C1
Structure Classification
- Phenols
- Monophenols
- Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Publications (1)

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Microbiome

The gut metabolite 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid rejuvenates spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice through GPX4-mediated ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2023 Sep 27;11(1):212. PMID: 37752615

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (328.62 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 25 mg/mL (164.31 mM; Need ultrasonic)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

6.5725 mL

32.8623 mL

65.7246 mL

5 mM

1.3145 mL

6.5725 mL

13.1449 mL

10 mM

0.6572 mL

3.2862 mL

6.5725 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

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Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Liu Y, et al. A Major Intestinal Catabolite of Quercetin Glycosides, 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, Protects the Hepatocytes from the Acetaldehyde-Induced Cytotoxicity through the Enhancement of the Total Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 3;23(3):1762. [Content Brief]

[2]. Dias P, et al. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A Blood Pressure-Reducing Flavonoid Metabolite. Nutrients. 2022 Jan 13;14(2):328. [Content Brief]

[3]. Jin Z, et al. The gut metabolite 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid rejuvenates spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice through GPX4-mediated ferroptosis. Microbiome. 2023 Sep 27;11(1):212. [Content Brief]

[4]. Xiong X, et al. Urinary 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic Acid, 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, and 3-Hydroxyhippuric Acid Are Elevated in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:9485412. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	6.5725 mL	32.8623 mL	65.7246 mL	164.3115 mL
	5 mM	1.3145 mL	6.5725 mL	13.1449 mL	32.8623 mL
	10 mM	0.6572 mL	3.2862 mL	6.5725 mL	16.4312 mL
	15 mM	0.4382 mL	2.1908 mL	4.3816 mL	10.9541 mL
	20 mM	0.3286 mL	1.6431 mL	3.2862 mL	8.2156 mL
	25 mM	0.2629 mL	1.3145 mL	2.6290 mL	6.5725 mL
	30 mM	0.2191 mL	1.0954 mL	2.1908 mL	5.4771 mL
	40 mM	0.1643 mL	0.8216 mL	1.6431 mL	4.1078 mL
	50 mM	0.1314 mL	0.6572 mL	1.3145 mL	3.2862 mL
	60 mM	0.1095 mL	0.5477 mL	1.0954 mL	2.7385 mL
	80 mM	0.0822 mL	0.4108 mL	0.8216 mL	2.0539 mL
	100 mM	0.0657 mL	0.3286 mL	0.6572 mL	1.6431 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

1 Cited Publications

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3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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Bioactive Compound Library

Apoptosis Compound Library

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms

All Glutathione Peroxidase Isoforms

All Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (1)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid Related Classifications

HY-W001083 Related Classifications