2. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor Metabolic Enzyme/Protease NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation
  3. PPAR Keap1-Nrf2 Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  4. Alpinetin

Alpinetin is a flavonoid isolated from cardamom and possesses antitumor, antiinflammation, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, lung protective, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective properties. Alpinetin inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, activates PPAR-γ, activates Nrf2, and inhibits TLR4 expression to protect LPS-induced renal injury.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 36052-37-6

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Customer Review

Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Alpinetin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491.  [Abstract]

    The effect of Alp on C2C12 myotube viability. Myotubes were cultured with increasing concentrations of Alpinetin (Alp) (0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μM) for 24, 48, and 72 h in the presence of Alp, and their viability was detected by CCK-8 assay.

    Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491.  [Abstract]

    Representative images of immunofluorescence staining for MyHC (red) are presented treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50, 100 μM).

    Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491.  [Abstract]

    Atrogin-1 were analyzed by real-time PCR and normalized to GAPDH treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50, 100 μM).

    Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491.  [Abstract]

    Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of indicated proteins, and the band densities were quantified and normalized with GAPDH treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50, 100 μM).

    Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491.  [Abstract]

    Gastrocnemius muscle was examined histologically by HE staining and cross-sectional area analysis treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50 mg/kg, i.g.).

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    • Biological Activity

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Alpinetin is a flavonoid isolated from cardamom and possesses antitumor, antiinflammation, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, lung protective, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective properties. Alpinetin inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, activates PPAR-γ, activates Nrf2, and inhibits TLR4 expression to protect LPS-induced renal injury[1][2][3][4].

    IC50 & Target[1]

    PPAR-γ

     

    In Vitro


    Pharmacological effects of alpinetin in vitro[2]

    Pharmacological effects Cell lines Doses/Duration Effects/Molecular mechanisms References
    Anticancer activity 4T1, MCF-7 25-100 μM for 24 or 48 h caspase-9↑, caspase-3↑, PARP↑, Bax↑, Bcl-2↓ Zhang et al. (2020)
    Anti-inflammatory activity RAW 264.7 25 μM for 24 h; 80-240 μg/mL for 24 h TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-1β↓, p-IκB↓, p-p65↓, p-ERK↓, p-p38↓, PPAR↑, DNMT3A↑ Yu et al. (2020); Huo et al.
    Cardiovascular protective activity THP-1, HMDMs 50-150 μg/mL for 24 h PPAR-γ↑, LXR-α↑, ABCA1↑, ABCG1↑ Jiang et al. (2015)
    Antimicrobial activity Helicobacter pylori for 3 days MIC (1.25 μg/mL Huang et al. (2006)
    Antiviral activity Respiratory syncytial virus IC50 (77.0 μM), TI (6.0) But et al. (2009)
    Neuroprotective activity PC12 cells 1-10 μM for 48 h AChE↑, NF68↑, NF200↑ Liu et al. (2019)
    Antioxidant activity UV radiation Displayed an extensive absorption in the extent of harmful UV radiation (270-390 nm) Shireen et al. (2017)

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Alpinetin Related Antibodies
    In Vivo


    Pharmacological effects of alpinetin in vivo[2]

    Pharmacological effects Model Doses/Duration Effects/Molecular mechanisms References
    Anticancer activity MDA-MB-231 100 mg/kg, i.p., tiw, for 28 days caspase-3↑, PARP↑, Bax↑, Bcl-2↓, p-p65↓, p-IκBα↓ Zhang et al. (2020)
    Anti-inflammatory activity LPS-induced mouse mastitis 50-1000 μg/mL for 24 h; 10-50 mg/kg, i.p MPO↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-1β↓, TLR4↓, p-IκB↓, p-p65↓ Chen et al. (2013)
    Hepatoprotective activity LPS/D-Gal-induced mouse liver injury 12.5-50 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h before LPS/D-gal treatment ALT↓, AST↓, MDA↓, MPO↓, TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, p-IκB↓, p-p65↓, Nrf2↑, HO-1↑ Liu et al. (2019)
    Cardiovascular protective activity Coronary heart disease rat model 40-160 mg/kg, i.g., daily, for 4 weeks LVEDV↓, SV↑, TG↓, TC↓, HDL-C↑, LDL-C↓, NO↑, ET-1↓, PGI2↑, TNF-α↓, MCP-1↓, ICAM1↓, p-ERK↓, p-MEK↓ Dai et al. (2021)

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    270.28

    Formula

    C16H14O4
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to light yellow

    SMILES

    O=C1C[C@@H](C2=CC=CC=C2)OC3=CC(O)=CC(OC)=C13
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 50 mg/mL (184.99 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.6999 mL 18.4993 mL 36.9987 mL
    5 mM 0.7400 mL 3.6999 mL 7.3997 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

    For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  0.5% CMC-Na/saline water

      Solubility: 5 mg/mL (18.50 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.51%

    SDS (394 KB)

    COA (249 KB) LCMS (90 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 3.6999 mL 18.4993 mL 36.9987 mL 92.4967 mL
    5 mM 0.7400 mL 3.6999 mL 7.3997 mL 18.4993 mL
    10 mM 0.3700 mL 1.8499 mL 3.6999 mL 9.2497 mL
    15 mM 0.2467 mL 1.2333 mL 2.4666 mL 6.1664 mL
    20 mM 0.1850 mL 0.9250 mL 1.8499 mL 4.6248 mL
    25 mM 0.1480 mL 0.7400 mL 1.4799 mL 3.6999 mL
    30 mM 0.1233 mL 0.6166 mL 1.2333 mL 3.0832 mL
    40 mM 0.0925 mL 0.4625 mL 0.9250 mL 2.3124 mL
    50 mM 0.0740 mL 0.3700 mL 0.7400 mL 1.8499 mL
    60 mM 0.0617 mL 0.3083 mL 0.6166 mL 1.5416 mL
    80 mM 0.0462 mL 0.2312 mL 0.4625 mL 1.1562 mL
    100 mM 0.0370 mL 0.1850 mL 0.3700 mL 0.9250 mL
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    Alpinetin Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Alpinetin36052-37-6PPARKeap1-Nrf2Toll-like Receptor (TLR)Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorsflavonoidantitumorantiinflammationhepatoprotectivecardiovascular protectivelung protectiveantibacterialantiviralneuroprotectivePPAR-γNrf2TLR4Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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