Cat. No.: HY-N0625A

Alpinetin

9 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Alpinetin is a flavonoid isolated from cardamom and possesses antitumor, antiinflammation, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, lung protective, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective properties. Alpinetin inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, activates PPAR-γ, activates Nrf2, and inhibits TLR4 expression to protect LPS-induced renal injury.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.51%
CAS No.: 36052-37-6
Formula: C₁₆H₁₄O₄
Molecular Weight:270.28

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Alpinetin Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 36052-37-6

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (9)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

PPAR-γ

All PPAR Isoforms :

All Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoforms :

In Vitro

Pharmacological effects of alpinetin in vitro^[2]

Pharmacological effects	Cell lines	Doses/Duration	Effects/Molecular mechanisms	References
Anticancer activity	4T1, MCF-7	25-100 μM for 24 or 48 h	caspase-9↑, caspase-3↑, PARP↑, Bax↑, Bcl-2↓	Zhang et al. (2020)
Anti-inflammatory activity	RAW 264.7	25 μM for 24 h; 80-240 μg/mL for 24 h	TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-1β↓, p-IκB↓, p-p65↓, p-ERK↓, p-p38↓, PPAR↑, DNMT3A↑	Yu et al. (2020); Huo et al.
Cardiovascular protective activity	THP-1, HMDMs	50-150 μg/mL for 24 h	PPAR-γ↑, LXR-α↑, ABCA1↑, ABCG1↑	Jiang et al. (2015)
Antimicrobial activity	Helicobacter pylori	for 3 days	MIC (1.25 μg/mL	Huang et al. (2006)
Antiviral activity	Respiratory syncytial virus		IC₅₀ (77.0 μM), TI (6.0)	But et al. (2009)
Neuroprotective activity	PC12 cells	1-10 μM for 48 h	AChE↑, NF68↑, NF200↑	Liu et al. (2019)
Antioxidant activity	UV radiation		Displayed an extensive absorption in the extent of harmful UV radiation (270-390 nm)	Shireen et al. (2017)

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Pharmacological effects of alpinetin in vivo^[2]

Pharmacological effects	Model	Doses/Duration	Effects/Molecular mechanisms	References
Anticancer activity	MDA-MB-231	100 mg/kg, i.p., tiw, for 28 days	caspase-3↑, PARP↑, Bax↑, Bcl-2↓, p-p65↓, p-IκBα↓	Zhang et al. (2020)
Anti-inflammatory activity	LPS-induced mouse mastitis	50-1000 μg/mL for 24 h; 10-50 mg/kg, i.p	MPO↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-1β↓, TLR4↓, p-IκB↓, p-p65↓	Chen et al. (2013)
Hepatoprotective activity	LPS/D-Gal-induced mouse liver injury	12.5-50 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h before LPS/D-gal treatment	ALT↓, AST↓, MDA↓, MPO↓, TNF-α↓, IL-1β↓, p-IκB↓, p-p65↓, Nrf2↑, HO-1↑	Liu et al. (2019)
Cardiovascular protective activity	Coronary heart disease rat model	40-160 mg/kg, i.g., daily, for 4 weeks	LVEDV↓, SV↑, TG↓, TC↓, HDL-C↑, LDL-C↓, NO↑, ET-1↓, PGI2↑, TNF-α↓, MCP-1↓, ICAM1↓, p-ERK↓, p-MEK↓	Dai et al. (2021)

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 36052-37-6
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 270.28
Formula C₁₆H₁₄O₄
Color White to light yellow
SMILES

O=C1C[C@@H](C2=CC=CC=C2)OC3=CC(O)=CC(OC)=C13
Structure Classification
- Flavonoids
- Flavonones
- Phenols
- Monophenols
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (9)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayCell Imaging/StainingRT-PCRWBHistological Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Autophagy

ESRRA-ATG5-Mediated mitophagy enhances arginine metabolism to alleviate diabetic kidney disease. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 23:1-25. PMID: 41376268
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Alpinetin Nanoparticles Alleviate Optic Nerve Injury Induced by Acute Glaucoma via LRP1-PPARγ Mediated Regulation of Microglial Lipid Metabolism. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 12:e13270. PMID: 41220285
Food Chem

Effects of sun drying combined with baking processes on the flavor quality of Chongqing Tuocha raw tea. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 30:497:146992. PMID: 41285060
Food Chem

Flavonoid-mediated metabolic underpinning quality variation in red bud-sport pear mutants. [Abstract]

2025 May 31:489:144992. PMID: 40466530
Int J Mol Sci

Dual Targeting of HIF-1α and DLL4 by Isoxanthohumol Potentiates Immune Checkpoint Blockade. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 5;27(3):1576. PMID: 41683994
Front Pharmacol

Preclinical Investigation of Alpinetin in the Treatment of Cancer-Induced Cachexia via Activating PPARγ. [Abstract]

2021 May 21:12:687491. PMID: 34093209

Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491. [Abstract]

The effect of Alp on C2C12 myotube viability. Myotubes were cultured with increasing concentrations of Alpinetin (Alp) (0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μM) for 24, 48, and 72 h in the presence of Alp, and their viability was detected by CCK-8 assay.

Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491. [Abstract]

Representative images of immunofluorescence staining for MyHC (red) are presented treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50, 100 μM).

Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491. [Abstract]

Atrogin-1 were analyzed by real-time PCR and normalized to GAPDH treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50, 100 μM).

Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491. [Abstract]

Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of indicated proteins, and the band densities were quantified and normalized with GAPDH treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50, 100 μM).

Alpinetin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Front Pharmacol. 2021 May 21:12:687491. [Abstract]

Gastrocnemius muscle was examined histologically by HE staining and cross-sectional area analysis treated with Alpinetin (Alp) (25, 50 mg/kg, i.g.).
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol

Protective effects of alpinetin against interleukin-1β-exposed nucleus pulposus cells: Involvement of the TLR4/MyD88 pathway in a cellular model of intervertebral disc degeneration. [Abstract]

2024 Sep 23:117110. PMID: 39322069
Biomed Pharmacother

Alpinetin ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by repressing fibroblast differentiation and proliferation. [Abstract]

2024 Feb:171:116101. PMID: 38228032
Research Square Preprint

2022 Jul.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 50 mg/mL (184.99 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.6999 mL

18.4993 mL

36.9987 mL

5 mM

0.7400 mL

3.6999 mL

7.3997 mL

10 mM

0.3700 mL

1.8499 mL

3.6999 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.70 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 0.5% CMC-Na/saline water

Solubility: 5 mg/mL (18.50 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (282 KB)
SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Korean - KR (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Hu K, et al. Alpinetin inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory mediator response by activating PPAR-γ in THP-1-derived macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013 Dec 5;721(1-3):96-102. [Content Brief]

[2]. Zhao G, et al. Alpinetin: A Review of Its Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 4;13:814370. [Content Brief]

[3]. Gul S, et al. Alpinetin: a Dietary Flavonoid with Diverse Anticancer Effects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2022 Sep;194(9):4220-4243. [Content Brief]

[4]. Liang Y, et al. Alpinetin ameliorates inflammatory response in LPS-induced endometritis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2018 Sep;62:309-312. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	3.6999 mL	18.4993 mL	36.9987 mL	92.4967 mL
	5 mM	0.7400 mL	3.6999 mL	7.3997 mL	18.4993 mL
	10 mM	0.3700 mL	1.8499 mL	3.6999 mL	9.2497 mL
	15 mM	0.2467 mL	1.2333 mL	2.4666 mL	6.1664 mL
	20 mM	0.1850 mL	0.9250 mL	1.8499 mL	4.6248 mL
	25 mM	0.1480 mL	0.7400 mL	1.4799 mL	3.6999 mL
	30 mM	0.1233 mL	0.6166 mL	1.2333 mL	3.0832 mL
	40 mM	0.0925 mL	0.4625 mL	0.9250 mL	2.3124 mL
	50 mM	0.0740 mL	0.3700 mL	0.7400 mL	1.8499 mL
	60 mM	0.0617 mL	0.3083 mL	0.6166 mL	1.5416 mL
	80 mM	0.0462 mL	0.2312 mL	0.4625 mL	1.1562 mL
	100 mM	0.0370 mL	0.1850 mL	0.3700 mL	0.9250 mL

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Alpinetin

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Alpinetin

All PPAR Isoforms

All Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (9)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Alpinetin Related Classifications