ACA-28
Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar
ACA-28 is a potent ERK MAPK signaling modulator. ACA-28 selectively inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. ACA-28 can activate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling via inducing ROS production. ACA-28 can be used for the research of cancer, such as melanoma .
연구목적의 판매만을 진행합니다. 환자를 대상으로 한 판매는 하지 않습니다.
- Purity : 99.70%
- CAS No.: 948044-25-5
- 화학식: C17H16O6
- 분자량:316.31
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보관:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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용액&용해도
- Protocol
- 순도&문서
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) ACA-28
More
Biological Activity
제품 설명
Cellular Effect
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RBL-2H3 | IC50 |
18 μM
Compound: 9
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Antiallergic activity against antigen-IgE-mediated degranulation in rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of DNP-BSA-induced beta-hexosaminidase release preincubated for 10 mins before DNP-BSA challenge measured after 10 mins
Antiallergic activity against antigen-IgE-mediated degranulation in rat RBL2H3 cells assessed as inhibition of DNP-BSA-induced beta-hexosaminidase release preincubated for 10 mins before DNP-BSA challenge measured after 10 mins
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[PMID: 19414259] |
In Vitro
ACA-28 inhibits cell growth of melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28) and normal melanocytes (NHEM), with IC50 values of 5.3 and 10.1 μM, respectively[1].
ACA-28 increases p-ERK and p-ELK1 levels in SK-MEL-28 cells[1].
ACA-28 (10 μM, 6 h) increases Nrf2 levels in SK-MEL-28 cells[2].
ACA-28 (20-50 μM, 1 h) induces ROS production in SK-MEL-28 cells[2].
ACA-28 shows an IC50 of 27.9 μM against A549 cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
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Cell Line:SK-MEL-28 cells
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Concentration:10 μM
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Incubation Time:6 h
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Result:Increased Nrf2 levels.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 948044-25-5
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Appearance Solid
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분자량 316.31
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화학식 C17H16O6
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(OC)OC1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)OC(OC)=O)C=C1
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선적
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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보관
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Publications (1)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell Signal
Inhibition of ERO1L induces autophagy and apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress in colorectal cancer. [Abstract]2025 Mar:127:111560. PMID: 39657838
용액&용해도
In Vitro:
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (316.15 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
In Vivo:
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.90 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.90 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Protocol
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis, also called programmed cell death, is generally characterized by distinct morphological characteristics.
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TUNEL staining for apoptotic DNA fragmentation
TUNEL staining detects DNA strand breaks by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase to add labeled nucleotides to exposed 3′-OH DNA termini, generating either microscopic staining in fixed cells or tissue sections, or fluorescence/cytometric signal in cell suspensions. TUNEL positivity reflects DNA fragmentation but should not be interpreted alone as definitive apoptosis, because TUNEL can also label necrotic, autolytic, mechanically damaged, or DNA-repair-associated DNA breaks.
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Annexin V plus membrane-impermeant dye apoptosis staining
Annexin V-based apoptosis assays rely on the detection of phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization from the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to the outer leaflet, an early biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Fluorescently labeled Annexin V binds PS in a calcium-dependent manner, enabling identification of early apoptotic cells by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. When combined with a membrane-impermeant DNA-binding dye (e. g. , propidium iodide), this approach allows discrimination between viable (Annexin V−/dye−), early apoptotic (Annexin V+/dye−), and late apoptotic or necrotic (Annexin V+/dye+) cell populations by assessing membrane integrity and PS exposure.
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Protocol for Cell Counting and Cell Density Analysis
Cell counting and cell-density analysis estimate the number of cells in a known volume or field area. Manual hemocytometer counting uses a chamber of defined geometry to convert counted cells into cells/mL, while automated counters and image-analysis workflows detect cell objects from optical, brightfield, fluorescence, impedance, or digital-image features. Trypan blue viability counting is based on dye exclusion: viable cells with intact membranes exclude dye, while non-viable cells with compromised membranes stain blue. The readout is total cell density, viable-cell density, dead-cell density, and percent viability. Cell density can also be estimated from microscopy images by counting objects per image area, from flow cytometry using calibrated volume or reference particles, or from in situ microscopy in bioreactors after calibration against reference methods such as hemocytometer or flow cytometry.
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ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining
ROS/oxidative-stress fluorescent staining uses cell-permeant fluorogenic probes that become fluorescent after oxidation inside cells or tissues; commonly used examples include DCFH-DA/DCFDA for broad cellular oxidant detection, DHE for superoxide-related signal detection, MitoSOX for mitochondrial superoxide-related signal detection, and CellROX probes for oxidative-stress-associated fluorescence readouts. The assay detects probe oxidation rather than a single ROS species unless the probe and analysis method have been chemically validated for that species. DCFH-DA enters cells, is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to DCFH, and produces fluorescent DCF after oxidation, so the readout is used as an operational measure of total cellular oxidative stress rather than a species-specific ROS measurement. DHE and MitoSOX can report superoxide-related oxidation, but red fluorescence alone can include non-specific ethidium-like oxidation products; HPLC or optimized spectral approaches are
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Somatic Cell Culture
A method of simulating the in vivo environment in vitro to maintain the cell growth, differentation and main functions.
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Apoptosis Solutions
Apoptosis is a regulated, generally non-lytic cell-death pathway that removes unwanted, damaged, infected, or abnormal cells through coordinated morphological changes, caspase activation, DNA fragmentation, and membrane remodeling. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway is controlled mainly by mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, BCL-2 family proteins, cytochrome c release, apoptosome formation, caspase-9 activation, and downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activation. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is initiated by death receptors such as Fas, TNFR, and TRAIL receptors, which recruit adaptor proteins and activate caspase-8 before engaging executioner caspases or mitochondrial amplification through BID cleavage. Apoptosis is linked to many phenotypes, including cancer cell killing, tissue homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodegeneration, infection response, and treatment-induced cytotoxicity; unresolved questions include how apoptosis interacts with necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptos
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CCK-8/WST-8 Cell Proliferation Assay
The CCK-8/WST-8 assay is based on the reduction of the water-soluble tetrazolium salt WST-8 to a water-soluble formazan product by cellular dehydrogenases in metabolically active cells, where the generated formazan amount is proportional to the number of living cells and is quantified by measuring absorbance in the visible range, providing a colorimetric readout for cell viability and proliferation assessment. This class of tetrazolium-based assays improves upon earlier MTT-based systems by producing a water-soluble formazan, eliminating the need for organic solubilization steps and enabling direct spectrophotometric measurement in culture medium.
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Cell Counting-Based Growth Curve Assay
Cell counting-based growth curve assays quantify cell proliferation by directly measuring changes in viable cell number over time using manual or automated counting methods such as hemocytometer-based counting or instrument-assisted cell enumeration, enabling construction of growth curves that reflect population expansion dynamics in response to culture conditions. A widely used approach is trypan blue exclusion with hemocytometer counting, where membrane-compromised (non-viable) cells take up the dye, allowing discrimination between viable and non-viable cells while simultaneously enabling total cell number quantification. Repeated sampling across time points allows estimation of proliferation rate, growth phases, and comparative growth kinetics between experimental conditions.
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MTT Cell Proliferation Assay
The MTT assay is a colorimetric endpoint assay for estimating viable cell number, cell growth, cytotoxicity, or cell activation in cultured mammalian cells. Living cells reduce the yellow tetrazolium salt MTT into purple/blue formazan, while dead cells do not generate the same signal; the resulting color can be quantified with a multiwell spectrophotometer. MTT reduction is commonly interpreted as a readout of metabolic activity that often correlates with viable cell number, but it should not be treated as a direct cell-counting method unless the assay is optimized for the cell type and experimental condition. Studies show that MTT reduction can involve mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial reducing systems, and formazan may accumulate in intracellular lipid droplets rather than simply marking mitochondria.
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Cell Viability Determination by MTT Colorimetric Assay
The following protocol uses the MTT colorimetric assay as a classic literature-established method for assessing cell viability/metabolic activity in cultured mammalian cells. MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] is reduced by metabolically active cells to a colored formazan product; the amount of formazan is quantified spectrophotometrically and provides an indirect measure of metabolically active viable cells. Importantly, MTT reduction reflects cellular oxidoreductase/metabolic activity rather than an absolute direct count of living cells, so changes in cellular metabolism can alter the signal independently of cell number.
순도&문서
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Data Sheet (277 KB)
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SDS (251 KB)
- English - EN (251 KB)
- Français - FR (251 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (251 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (251 KB)
- Español - ES (251 KB)
- Swedish - SV (251 KB)
- Italian - IT (251 KB)
- Korean - KR (251 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (251 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Satoh R, et al. Discovery of new benzhydrol biscarbonate esters as potent and selective apoptosis inducers of human melanomas bearing the activated ERK pathway: SAR studies on an ERK MAPK signaling modulator, ACA-28. Bioorg Chem. 2020 Oct;103:104137. [Content Brief]
[2]. Takasaki T, et al. ACA-28, an ERK MAPK Signaling Modulator, Exerts Anticancer Activity through ROS Induction in Melanoma and Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2024 Mar 11;2024:7683793. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.1615 mL | 15.8073 mL | 31.6146 mL | 79.0364 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6323 mL | 3.1615 mL | 6.3229 mL | 15.8073 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3161 mL | 1.5807 mL | 3.1615 mL | 7.9036 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2108 mL | 1.0538 mL | 2.1076 mL | 5.2691 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1581 mL | 0.7904 mL | 1.5807 mL | 3.9518 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1265 mL | 0.6323 mL | 1.2646 mL | 3.1615 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1054 mL | 0.5269 mL | 1.0538 mL | 2.6345 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0790 mL | 0.3952 mL | 0.7904 mL | 1.9759 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0632 mL | 0.3161 mL | 0.6323 mL | 1.5807 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0527 mL | 0.2635 mL | 0.5269 mL | 1.3173 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0395 mL | 0.1976 mL | 0.3952 mL | 0.9880 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0316 mL | 0.1581 mL | 0.3161 mL | 0.7904 mL |
ACA-28 Related Classifications
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