Diphenyl disulfide
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Diphenyl disulfide (Phenyl disulfide) is an organic disulfide compound. Diphenyl disulfide inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and induces ferroptosis (ferroptosis), apoptosis (apoptosis) and autophagy (autophagy) in cancer cells. Diphenyl disulfide downregulates GPX4 expression, inhibits NRF2 phosphorylation, induces lipid peroxidation, promotes xCT ubiquitination, induces proteolytic cleavage of p21 Bax into p18 Bax, and suppresses cell proliferation and viability. Diphenyl disulfide can be used in research related to melanoma and breast cancer.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.96%
- CAS No.: 882-33-7
- Formula: C12H10S2
- Molecular Weight:218.35
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) inhibits the viability of B16F10 and A375 melanoma cells[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces non-apoptotic cell death (ferroptosis) in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells at 24 h by downregulating GPX4 expression, enhancing lipid peroxidation levels and promoting xCT ubiquitination, and induces apoptosis at 48 h, with reduced phosphorylated NRF2 levels associated with late-stage apoptosis[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces autophagy in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24 h) reduces the protein levels of phosphorylated AKT1/2/3 and mTOR in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in B16F10 melanoma cells[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) reduces the viability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 24.14, 25.57, 19.45, and 16.89 μM after 24 h and 48 h of treatment, respectively[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. After treatment with 30 μM, the proportions of annexin V-positive cells reach 31.1% and 63.8% at 24 h and 48 h, respectively[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces cleavage of p21 Bax into pro-apoptotic p18 Bax in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (10-30 μM; 24-48 h) dose-dependently upregulates the level of LC3B-II, a marker of autophagosome formation, in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (10-30 μM; 24 h) dose-dependently increases the formation of acidic vesicular organelles, a marker of autophagy, in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (10-30 μM; 24-48 h) increases the level of lysosomal aggregation in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:murine B16F10 melanoma cell line, human A375 melanoma cell line
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Concentration:5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h, 48 h
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Result:Reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines.
Reduced B16F10 cell viability to ~95% (24 h, 10 μM), ~80% (48 h, 10 μM), ~70% (24 h, 20 μM), ~70% (48 h, 20 μM), ~50% (24 h, 30 μM), ~45% (48 h, 30 μM), with all values significantly lower than controls.
Reduced A375 cell viability to ~105% (24 h, 5 μM), ~80% (48 h, 5 μM), ~70% (24 h, 10 μM), ~45% (48 h, 10 μM), ~35% (24 h, 20 μM), ~18% (48 h, 20 μM), with significant reductions at 10 and 20 μM compared to controls.
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Cell Line:murine B16F10 melanoma cell line
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Concentration:10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM
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Incubation Time:24 h, 48 h
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Result:Increased the percentage of Annexin-V/7-AAD double-positive cells (late apoptosis/non-apoptotic death) dose-dependently at 24 h: reached ~12% (10 μM), ~15% (20 μM), ~33% (30 μM), all significantly higher than vehicle control.
Increased the percentage of Annexin-V-positive/7-AAD-negative cells (early apoptosis) dose-dependently at 48 h: reached ~10% (10 μM), ~25% (20 μM), ~32% (30 μM), all significantly higher than vehicle control.
Increased phosphorylated NRF2 levels at 24 h but decreased phosphorylated NRF2 levels at 48 h post-treatment.
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Cell Line:murine B16F10 melanoma cell line
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Concentration:10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM (autophagy detection); 30 μM DPDS plus 6 mM 3-MA (HY-19312) (viability rescue assay)
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Incubation Time:24 h, 48 h (autophagy detection); 24 h (viability rescue assay)
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Result:Increased the proportion of acridine orange-positive (red fluorescence) cells in a dose-dependent manner at both 24 and 48 h, with significant increases at all tested concentrations.
Increased LC3B-II levels and decreased LAMP2 and P62 levels after 24 h of treatment.
Partially restored cell viability from ~45% to ~65% of control when cotreated with 6 mM 3-MA and 30 μM DPDS.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 882-33-7
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 218.35
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Formula C12H10S2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
C1(SSC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=CC=C1
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Synonyms
Phenyl disulfide
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (457.98 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.45 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.45 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (280 KB)
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SDS (597 KB)
- English - EN (597 KB)
- Français - FR (597 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (597 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (597 KB)
- Español - ES (597 KB)
- Swedish - SV (597 KB)
- Italian - IT (597 KB)
- Korean - KR (597 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (597 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Chen SY, et al. Diphenyl Disulfide Exerts Dual Cytotoxic Effects by Inducing Ferroptosis and Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2025;74(1):10.2478/aite-2026-0007. Published 2025 Dec 20. [Content Brief]
[2]. Chen SY, et al. Diphenyl disulfide potentiates the apoptosis of breast cancer cells through Bax proteolytic activation with accompanying autophagy. Environ Toxicol. 2023;38(8):2022-2030. [Content Brief]
[3]. Graebin A, et al. Nasturtium leaf compounds, diphenyl disulfide and lyral, against Atta sexdens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and their symbiotic fungi. J Econ Entomol. 2024;117(5):1703-1711. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
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| DMSO | 1 mM | 4.5798 mL | 22.8990 mL | 45.7980 mL | 114.4951 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.9160 mL | 4.5798 mL | 9.1596 mL | 22.8990 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4580 mL | 2.2899 mL | 4.5798 mL | 11.4495 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.3053 mL | 1.5266 mL | 3.0532 mL | 7.6330 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.2290 mL | 1.1450 mL | 2.2899 mL | 5.7248 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1832 mL | 0.9160 mL | 1.8319 mL | 4.5798 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1527 mL | 0.7633 mL | 1.5266 mL | 3.8165 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1145 mL | 0.5725 mL | 1.1450 mL | 2.8624 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0916 mL | 0.4580 mL | 0.9160 mL | 2.2899 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0763 mL | 0.3817 mL | 0.7633 mL | 1.9083 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0572 mL | 0.2862 mL | 0.5725 mL | 1.4312 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0458 mL | 0.2290 mL | 0.4580 mL | 1.1450 mL |
Diphenyl disulfide Related Classifications
HY-Y1177 Related Classifications
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