Art. -Nr.: HY-Y1177

Diphenyl disulfide

(Synonyms: Phenyl disulfide)

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Diphenyl disulfide (Phenyl disulfide) is an organic disulfide compound. Diphenyl disulfide inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and induces ferroptosis (ferroptosis), apoptosis (apoptosis) and autophagy (autophagy) in cancer cells. Diphenyl disulfide downregulates GPX4 expression, inhibits NRF2 phosphorylation, induces lipid peroxidation, promotes xCT ubiquitination, induces proteolytic cleavage of p21 Bax into p18 Bax, and suppresses cell proliferation and viability. Diphenyl disulfide can be used in research related to melanoma and breast cancer.

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Reinheit: 99.96%
CAS. Nr.: 882-33-7
Formel: C₁₂H₁₀S₂
Molecular Weight:218.35

Speicherung:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year

Diphenyl disulfide Chemical Structure

CAS. Nr.: 882-33-7

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Biologische Aktivität
- Beschreibung
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biologische Aktivität

Beschreibung

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

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GPX1
GPX4

In Vitro

Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) inhibits the viability of B16F10 and A375 melanoma cells^[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces non-apoptotic cell death (ferroptosis) in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells at 24 h by downregulating GPX4 expression, enhancing lipid peroxidation levels and promoting xCT ubiquitination, and induces apoptosis at 48 h, with reduced phosphorylated NRF2 levels associated with late-stage apoptosis^[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces autophagy in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner^[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24 h) reduces the protein levels of phosphorylated AKT1/2/3 and mTOR in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in B16F10 melanoma cells^[1].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) reduces the viability of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with IC₅₀ values of 24.14, 25.57, 19.45, and 16.89 μM after 24 h and 48 h of treatment, respectively^[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. After treatment with 30 μM, the proportions of annexin V-positive cells reach 31.1% and 63.8% at 24 h and 48 h, respectively^[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (0-30 μM; 24-48 h) induces cleavage of p21 Bax into pro-apoptotic p18 Bax in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells^[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (10-30 μM; 24-48 h) dose-dependently upregulates the level of LC3B-II, a marker of autophagosome formation, in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells^[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (10-30 μM; 24 h) dose-dependently increases the formation of acidic vesicular organelles, a marker of autophagy, in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells^[2].
Diphenyl disulfide (10-30 μM; 24-48 h) increases the level of lysosomal aggregation in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:

murine B16F10 melanoma cell line, human A375 melanoma cell line
Concentration:

5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h, 48 h
Result:

Reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner in both cell lines.
Reduced B16F10 cell viability to ~95% (24 h, 10 μM), ~80% (48 h, 10 μM), ~70% (24 h, 20 μM), ~70% (48 h, 20 μM), ~50% (24 h, 30 μM), ~45% (48 h, 30 μM), with all values significantly lower than controls.
Reduced A375 cell viability to ~105% (24 h, 5 μM), ~80% (48 h, 5 μM), ~70% (24 h, 10 μM), ~45% (48 h, 10 μM), ~35% (24 h, 20 μM), ~18% (48 h, 20 μM), with significant reductions at 10 and 20 μM compared to controls.

Apoptosis Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

murine B16F10 melanoma cell line
Concentration:

10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h, 48 h
Result:

Increased the percentage of Annexin-V/7-AAD double-positive cells (late apoptosis/non-apoptotic death) dose-dependently at 24 h: reached ~12% (10 μM), ~15% (20 μM), ~33% (30 μM), all significantly higher than vehicle control.
Increased the percentage of Annexin-V-positive/7-AAD-negative cells (early apoptosis) dose-dependently at 48 h: reached ~10% (10 μM), ~25% (20 μM), ~32% (30 μM), all significantly higher than vehicle control.
Increased phosphorylated NRF2 levels at 24 h but decreased phosphorylated NRF2 levels at 48 h post-treatment.

Cell Autophagy Assay^[1]

Cell Line:

murine B16F10 melanoma cell line
Concentration:

10 μM, 20 μM, 30 μM (autophagy detection); 30 μM DPDS plus 6 mM 3-MA (HY-19312) (viability rescue assay)
Incubation Time:

24 h, 48 h (autophagy detection); 24 h (viability rescue assay)
Result:

Increased the proportion of acridine orange-positive (red fluorescence) cells in a dose-dependent manner at both 24 and 48 h, with significant increases at all tested concentrations.
Increased LC3B-II levels and decreased LAMP2 and P62 levels after 24 h of treatment.
Partially restored cell viability from ~45% to ~65% of control when cotreated with 6 mM 3-MA and 30 μM DPDS.

Chemical Information

CAS. Nr. 882-33-7
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 218.35
Formel C₁₂H₁₀S₂
Color White to off-white
SMILES

C1(SSC2=CC=CC=C2)=CC=CC=C1
Synonyms

Phenyl disulfide
Structure Classification
- Others
Initial Source
- Endogenous metabolite
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Speicherung

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

In Vitro:

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (457.98 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

4.5798 mL

22.8990 mL

45.7980 mL

5 mM

0.9160 mL

4.5798 mL

9.1596 mL

10 mM

0.4580 mL

2.2899 mL

4.5798 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Molaritätsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Konzentration Konzentration

Volumen Volumen

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Verdünnungsrechner

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} × Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} = Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} × Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)} Konzentration _{(Stammlösung)}

Volumen _{(Stammlösung)} Volumen _{(Stammlösung)}

Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)} Konzentration _{(Ziellösung)}

Volumen _{(Ziellösung)} Volumen _{(Ziellösung)}

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.45 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.45 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (11.45 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Select Batch:

Reinheit: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (280 KB)
SDS (597 KB)
- English - EN (597 KB)
- Français - FR (597 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (597 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (597 KB)
- Español - ES (597 KB)
- Swedish - SV (597 KB)
- Italian - IT (597 KB)
- Korean - KR (597 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (597 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Verweise

[1]. Chen SY, et al. Diphenyl Disulfide Exerts Dual Cytotoxic Effects by Inducing Ferroptosis and Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2025;74(1):10.2478/aite-2026-0007. Published 2025 Dec 20. [Content Brief]

[2]. Chen SY, et al. Diphenyl disulfide potentiates the apoptosis of breast cancer cells through Bax proteolytic activation with accompanying autophagy. Environ Toxicol. 2023;38(8):2022-2030. [Content Brief]

[3]. Graebin A, et al. Nasturtium leaf compounds, diphenyl disulfide and lyral, against Atta sexdens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and their symbiotic fungi. J Econ Entomol. 2024;117(5):1703-1711. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	4.5798 mL	22.8990 mL	45.7980 mL	114.4951 mL
	5 mM	0.9160 mL	4.5798 mL	9.1596 mL	22.8990 mL
	10 mM	0.4580 mL	2.2899 mL	4.5798 mL	11.4495 mL
	15 mM	0.3053 mL	1.5266 mL	3.0532 mL	7.6330 mL
	20 mM	0.2290 mL	1.1450 mL	2.2899 mL	5.7248 mL
	25 mM	0.1832 mL	0.9160 mL	1.8319 mL	4.5798 mL
	30 mM	0.1527 mL	0.7633 mL	1.5266 mL	3.8165 mL
	40 mM	0.1145 mL	0.5725 mL	1.1450 mL	2.8624 mL
	50 mM	0.0916 mL	0.4580 mL	0.9160 mL	2.2899 mL
	60 mM	0.0763 mL	0.3817 mL	0.7633 mL	1.9083 mL
	80 mM	0.0572 mL	0.2862 mL	0.5725 mL	1.4312 mL
	100 mM	0.0458 mL	0.2290 mL	0.4580 mL	1.1450 mL

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Diphenyl disulfide

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Biologische Aktivität

Chemical Information

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit

Reinheit & Dokumentation

Verweise

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Diphenyl disulfide Related Classifications

HY-Y1177 Related Classifications