Cyclopeptides

Vasopressin is a cyclic nonapeptide that is synthesized centrally in the hypothalamus. Vasopressin participates in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and regulates pituitary corticotropin secretion by potentiating the stimulatory effects of corticotropin releasing factor. Vasopressin also can act as a neurotransmitter, exerting its action by binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors.

Jasplakinolide is a potent actin polymerization inducer and stabilizes pre-existing actin filaments. Jasplakinolide binds to F-actin competitively with phalloidin with a K_d of 15 nM. Jasplakinolide, a naturally occurring cyclic peptide from the marine sponge, has both fungicidal and anti-cancer activity.

Pulcherriminic acid is a cyclic dipeptide antimicrobial agent with high affinity for Fe³⁺, found mainly in Bacillus and yeast. Pulcherriminic acid chelates iron ions through a non-enzymatic reaction to form the extracellular red pigment pulcherrimin, which competes for iron nutrition and thus achieves an antibacterial effect. Pulcherriminic acid has great applications in food, agriculture and medical industries.

Heterophyllin B is an active cyclic peptide isolated from Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Heterophyllin B provides a novel strategy for the treatment of esophageal cancer.

Segetalin B, an orally active cyclopentapeptide found in Vaccaria segetalis, possesses estrogen-like activity. Segetalin B promotes mineralization of ovariectomized rat-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and increases the level of osteocalcin, BMP-2, ALP, and SIRT1 activity. Segetalin B is promising for research of post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMOP).

Lyciumin D acts as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and renin inhibitor. Lyciumin D can be used for the research of hypertension.

Pseudostellarin E is a proline-rich, caryophyllaceous cyclopeptide present in the roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Pseudostellarin E can be synthesized by overexpressing its precursor gene prePhPE in the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana.

RA-V is a cyclic hexapeptide. RA-V has activity against Wnt, Myc and Notch with IC₅₀ values of 50, 75, and 93 ng/mL, respectively. RA-V can be used for the research of cancer-related signaling pathways.

Pristinamycin IA (Mikamycin B) is a cycle-peptidic macrolactone antibiotic. Pristinamycin IA is a substrate of P-glycoprotein and inhibits its function. Pristinamycin IA is active against StaphyloEoccus and Srreptococcus.

FR179642 is a key intermediate in the synthesis of the echinocandin antifungal Micafungin. FR179642 is the cyclic peptide nucleus of the echinocandin-like antifungal lipopeptide FR901379.

Nodularin is a potent hepatotoxin, tumor promoter, and protein phosphatase inhibitor.

Destruxin A is a fungal cyclopeptide with insecticidal and antiviral activities. Destruxin A has a certain inhibitory effect on leukemia cells in vitro. Destruxin A can also specifically inhibit the innate immune response of Drosophila melanogaster, making the flies more susceptible to bacterial infections.

Omphalotin A is a cyclic peptide, and shows nematicidal activity.

RA-XI is a bicyclic hexapeptide isolated from Rubia cordifolia with antitumour activity.

Roquefortine C is a mycotoxin that can be isolated from Penicillium species. Roquefortine C is an agonist of P-gp and an inhibitor of P450 3A and P450 1A. Roquefortine C can inhibit Gram-positive bacteria and also has certain neurotoxicity. Additionally, Roquefortine C can exert antitumor activity.

Destruxin B, isolated from entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, is one of the cyclodepsipeptides with insecticidal and anticancer activities. Destruxin B induces apoptosis via a Bcl-2 Family-dependent mitochondrial pathway in human nonsmall cell lung cancer cells. Destruxin B significantly activates caspase-3 and reduces tumor cell proliferation through caspase-mediated apoptosis, not only in vitro but also in vivo.

Viscosin is a cyclic lipopeptide compound produced by the Pseudomonas genus. Viscosin exerts its antibacterial effect through two mechanisms: membrane permeabilization and interference with cell wall synthesis. Viscosin shows significant antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive bacteria, but has no inhibitory effect on fungi. Viscosin can be used for the study of bacterial infections.

Pristinamycin IA (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pristinamycin IA. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pristinamycin IA (Mikamycin B) is a cycle-peptidic macrolactone antibiotic. Pristinamycin IA is a substrate of P-glycoprotein and inhibits its function. Pristinamycin IA is active against StaphyloEoccus and Srreptococcus[1].

FR179642 (Standard) is the analytical standard of FR179642. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. FR179642 is a key intermediate in the synthesis of the echinocandin antifungal Micafungin[1]. FR179642 is the cyclic peptide nucleus of the echinocandin-like antifungal lipopeptide FR901379[2].