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  4. Diisononyl phthalate

Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is an orally active polyvinyl chloride plasticizer and indirect food additive. Diisononyl phthalate activates the ACE/AT1R axis and inhibits the production of NO. Diisononyl phthalate reduces the expression of eNOS. Diisononyl phthalate induces increased blood pressure in mice. Diisononyl phthalate induces monocytic leukemia in rats. Diisononyl phthalate can be used in hypertension-related research.

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Diisononyl phthalate

Diisononyl phthalate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 28553-12-0

Size Price Stock Quantity
Liquid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Diisononyl phthalate:

Diisononyl phthalate Related Antibodies

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Description

Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is an orally active polyvinyl chloride plasticizer and indirect food additive. Diisononyl phthalate activates the ACE/AT1R axis and inhibits the production of NO. Diisononyl phthalate reduces the expression of eNOS. Diisononyl phthalate induces increased blood pressure in mice. Diisononyl phthalate induces monocytic leukemia in rats. Diisononyl phthalate can be used in hypertension-related research[1][2].

IC50 & Target[1]

AT1 Receptor

 

eNOS

 

In Vitro

Diisononyl phthalate shows no genotoxic activity in bacterial and mammalian cells[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Diisononyl phthalate Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Exposure to diisononyl phthalate alone (0.15-15 mg/kg/day; intragastric administration; daily; 42 days) induces dose-dependent elevation of blood pressure, increased heart rate (at 15 mg/kg/day), and cardiovascular/renal tissue damage in C57/BL6 mice, accompanied by upregulated expression of ACE and AT1R in the aorta, downregulated expression of eNOS in the aorta, and reduced serum NO production[1].
Exposure to diisononyl phthalate (0.15-15 mg/kg/day; oral gavage; daily; 42 days; with simultaneous daily subcutaneous administration of 1 mg/kg/day dexamethasone for 42 days) dose-dependently exacerbates dexamethasone-induced hypertension, cardiovascular/renal tissue damage, and dysregulation of the ACE/AT1R and eNOS/NO pathways in C57/BL6 mice, and this effect is reversible by treatment with an ACE inhibitor[1].
Dietary intake of diisononyl phthalate (DINP) at doses of 0.03-0.6 wt% daily for 2 years induces a dose-dependent increase in liver, kidney and spleen weights in Fischer 344 rats. Male rats in the high-dose group show a slight decrease in body weight, and rats in the middle- and high-dose groups exhibit a statistically significant increase in the incidence of monocytic leukemia over the 2-year experimental period[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: C57/BL6 (male, 5-6 weeks old, ~20 g, specific pathogen free)[1]
Dosage: 0.15 mg/kg/day; 1.5 mg/kg/day; 15 mg/kg/day
Administration: p.o.; daily; 42 days
Result: Increased systolic blood pressure to 133 mmHg (~17.7% rise vs. saline group) at 15 mg/kg/day dose.
Raised systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure in a dose-dependent, statistically significant manner (P < 0.01 vs. saline group).
Increased heart rate in a statistically significant manner only at 15 mg/kg/day dose (P < 0.01 vs. saline group).
Thickened interventricular septum, ventricular wall, and aortic wall, and induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in a dose-dependent, statistically significant manner (P < 0.01 vs. saline group).
Induced glomerular vacuoles, hyaline degeneration, reduced glomerular size, and thickened glomerular basement membranes.
Increased aortic ACE and AT1R expression in a dose-dependent, statistically significant manner (P < 0.01 vs. saline group).
Decreased aortic eNOS expression in a dose-dependent, statistically significant manner (P < 0.01 vs. saline group at 15 mg/kg/day dose).
Sharply decreased serum NO concentration (P < 0.01 vs. saline group).
Animal Model: C57/BL6 (male, 5-6 weeks old, ~20 g, specific pathogen free, hypertension induced by 1 mg/kg/day dexamethasone s.c. daily for 42 days)[1]
Dosage: 0.15 mg/kg/day; 1.5 mg/kg/day; 15 mg/kg/day
Administration: p.o.; daily; 42 days; co-administered with 1 mg/kg/day dexamethasone s.c.; daily; 42 days
Result: Aggravated dexamethasone-induced increases in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure in a dose-dependent, significant manner (P < 0.01 vs. dexamethasone-only group for higher doses).
Increased heart rate significantly at 15 mg/kg/day dose vs. dexamethasone-only group.
Exacerbated dexamethasone-induced aortic wall thickening significantly (P < 0.01 vs. dexamethasone-only group) and glomerular damage.
Increased aortic ACE and AT1R expression significantly compared to dexamethasone-only group.
Decreased aortic eNOS expression in a dose-dependent, significant manner (P < 0.01 vs. dexamethasone-only group).
Slightly further reduced serum NO concentration (not statistically significant vs. dexamethasone-only group).
Saw alleviation of increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and tissue damage, and normalization of ACE, AT1R, and eNOS expression with ACE inhibitor treatment.
Molecular Weight

418.61

Formula

C26H42O4
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid (Density: 0.972 g/cm3)

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

O=C(OCCCCCCC(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(OCCCCCCC(C)C)=O
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Store at room temperature 3 years

In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (238.89 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.3889 mL 11.9443 mL 23.8886 mL
5 mM 0.4778 mL 2.3889 mL 4.7777 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
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Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (11.94 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.0%

SDS (418 KB)

COA (246 KB) HNMR (124 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.3889 mL 11.9443 mL 23.8886 mL 59.7215 mL
5 mM 0.4778 mL 2.3889 mL 4.7777 mL 11.9443 mL
10 mM 0.2389 mL 1.1944 mL 2.3889 mL 5.9721 mL
15 mM 0.1593 mL 0.7963 mL 1.5926 mL 3.9814 mL
20 mM 0.1194 mL 0.5972 mL 1.1944 mL 2.9861 mL
25 mM 0.0956 mL 0.4778 mL 0.9555 mL 2.3889 mL
30 mM 0.0796 mL 0.3981 mL 0.7963 mL 1.9907 mL
40 mM 0.0597 mL 0.2986 mL 0.5972 mL 1.4930 mL
50 mM 0.0478 mL 0.2389 mL 0.4778 mL 1.1944 mL
60 mM 0.0398 mL 0.1991 mL 0.3981 mL 0.9954 mL
80 mM 0.0299 mL 0.1493 mL 0.2986 mL 0.7465 mL
100 mM 0.0239 mL 0.1194 mL 0.2389 mL 0.5972 mL
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Diisononyl phthalate Related Classifications

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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Diisononyl phthalate28553-12-0DINPBiochemical Assay ReagentsAngiotensin ReceptorEnvironmental PollutantsNO SynthaseEnvironmental ContaminantsNitric oxide synthasesNOSFischer 344 ratsACEeNOShypertensionmicemononuclear cell leukemiaC57/BL6 miceratsnitric oxideAT1RInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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