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TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)

50 Cited Publications
Customer Review

Based on 50 publication(s) in Google Scholar

TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
  • Species: Human
  • Source: HEK293
  • Storage:
    Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) Product Image
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) Product Image
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  • Biological Activity
  • Technical Parameters
  • Product Properties
  • Documentation
  • References
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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Biological Activity

Description

TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein is initially identified as a growth factor that induces the growth of rodent fibroblasts. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein inhibits the cell cycle in the G1 phase. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 is an endogenous factor controlling apoptosis in normal and pathological tissues. TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) is a recombinant protein (A279-S390) produced by HEK293 cells[1][2].

Background

TGFβ is released from degranulating platelets and secreted by all of the major cell types participating in the repair process, including lymphocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. Mammals express three isoforms of TGFβdesignated TGFβI, TGFβ2, and TGFβ3; TGFβ1 is the most abundant isoform in all tissues, and in human platelets it is the only isoform of the peptide. Certain cells such as retinal pigment epithelial cells secrete predominantly TGFβ2, and certain body fluids such as the aqueous and vitreous of the eye, amniotic fluid, saliva, and breast milk contain principally TGFβ2. TGFβ3 is the least studied of the TGFβ isoforms. It has been isolated from human umbilical cord and is secreted from certain cells, including myoblast celllines; however, it is usually less abundant than either TGFβ1 or TGFβ2 in both tissue and cell extracts[1]. There are three fundamental directions of its activities: I. TGFβ1 regulates cell proliferation, growth, differentiation and cells movement. II. TGFβ1 has immunomodulatory effects. III. TGFβ1 has profibrogenic effects. TGFβ1 action can be local and systemic[2].

In Vitro

TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (1 ng/mL) inhibits cell proliferation, migration and capillary-like structure formation, disrupts VE-cadherin localization and increases monolayer permeability in bovine corpus luteum microvascular endothelial cells (CLENDO)[4].
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (0.2 ng/mL; 12 h) induces SMAD4 protein stabilization, activates TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway by competitively inhibiting β-TrCP-mediated ubiquitination degradation and promotes EMT in human colorectal cancer cells (LoVo, HCT-116)[5].
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (0.2 ng/mL; 4 weeks) significantly increases calcium deposition and mRNA expression of bone-specific proteins (alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, osteocalcin) in SaOs-2 and primary human osteoblasts (HOB)[6].
TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (5 ng/mL; 3-16 h) induces increased IL-6 secretion in human trabecular meshwork cells (HTM) via p38 MAPK and JNK pathways[7].

Verified Bioactivity

1.Immobilized Human Mature TGF beta 1, No Tag at 0.5 μg/mL (100 μl/well) on the plate. Dose response curve for Human TGF-beta RII, mFc Tag with the EC50 of <8 ng/mL determined by ELISA.
2.Measured by its ability to inhibit cell proliferation of Mv-1-lu mink lung epithelial cells. The ED50 for this effect is <0.1 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is >1×107 units/mg.

Results
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
    Measured by its ability to inhibit cell proliferation of Mv-1-lu mink lung epithelial cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.0964 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 1.037×107 units/mg.

Technical Parameters

  • Species Human
  • Source HEK293
  • Tag Tag Free
  • Accession

    P01137 (A279-S390)

  • Gene ID
    7040  [NCBI]
  • Molecular Construction
    • N-term
    • TGFB1 (A279-S390)
      Accession # P01137
    • C-term
  • Protein Length

    Full Length of Mature TGFB1

  • Synonyms

    Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1; TGF-Beta-1; Latency-Associated Peptide; LAP; TGFB1; TGFB; TGF-β1; TGF beta1; TGFbeta 1; TGF-beta 1; TGFbeta; TGF-beta-1

  • AA Sequence

    ALDTNYCFSSTEKNCCVRQLYIDFRKDLGWKWIHEPKGYHANFCLGPCPYIWSLDTQYSKVLALYNQHNPGASAAPCCVPQALEPLPIVYYVGRKPKVEQLSNMIVRSCKCS

  • Predicted Molecular Mass

    13.2 kDa

  • Molecular Weight

    Approximately 13-15 kDa under reduced (R) conditions, 26-30 kDa under non reducing (N) conditions, based on SDS-PAGE.

  • Glycosylation

    Yes

  • Purity

    ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE or Bis-Tris PAGE.

    • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
      ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Product Properties

Appearance

Lyophilized powder

Formulation

1.Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 50 mM Glycine 150 mM NaCl, pH 2.5.
2.Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 4 mM HCL, pH 2.5.
Please refer to the lot-specific COA for specific buffer information.

Endotoxin Level

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Reconstitution

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in 4mM HCl.

Storage & Stability

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

References

[1]. K. Miyazono, et al. A role of the latent TGF-beta 1-binding protein in the assembly and secretion of TGF-beta 1. The EMBO Journal (1991)10:1091-1101.

[2]. M Selvakumaran, et al. The novel primary response gene MyD118 and the proto-oncogenes myb, myc, and bcl-2 modulate transforming growth factor beta 1-induced apoptosis of myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Apr;14(4):2352-60. [Content Brief]

[3]. Chambaz E.M., et al. Transforming Growth Factor-βs: A Multifunctional Cytokine Family. Implication in the Regulation of Adrenocortical Cell Endocrine Functions. 1991.

[4]. Dulce Maroni, et al. TGFB1 disrupts the angiogenic potential of microvascular endothelial cells of the corpus luteum. Cell Sci. 2011 Jul 15;124(Pt 14):2501-10. [Content Brief]

[5]. Nan Wu, et al. LINC00941 promotes CRC metastasis through preventing SMAD4 protein degradation and activating the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. Cell Death Differ. 2021 Jan;28(1):219-232. [Content Brief]

[6]. Hai Zhang, et al. Effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) on in vitro mineralization of human osteoblasts on implant materials. Biomaterials. 2003 May;24(12):2013-20. [Content Brief]

[7]. Paloma B Liton, et al. Cross-talk between TGF-beta1 and IL-6 in human trabecular meshwork cells. Mol Vis. 2009;15:326-34. Epub 2009 Feb 11. [Content Brief]

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Calculators

Reconstitution Calculator

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Dilution Calculator

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The Specific Activity Calculator Equation
  • Specific Activity (Unit/mg)
  • Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg)
Unit/mg
= 106 ÷
Biological Activity (ED50)
106 ÷
ng/mL

TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) Related Classifications

Measured by its ability to inhibit anti-CD3-induced proliferation of stimulated CTLL-2 mouse cytotoxic T cells. The ED50 this effect is 0.8023 μg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity is 1246.42 units/mg.

  • ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

  • Measured by its ability to inhibit cell proliferation of Mv-1-lu mink lung epithelial cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.0964 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 1.037×107 units/mg.

Assay Types
  • 1/16

    MedChemExpress Validation
     ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

  • 1/16

    MedChemExpress Validation
     Measured by its ability to inhibit cell proliferation of Mv-1-lu mink lung epithelial cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.0964 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 1.037×107 units/mg.

  • 1/16

    TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 21;16(1):1865. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     Immunoblot analysis was conducted to assess the effect of siRNA-mediated FOXN3 knockdown on the levels of Smad proteins in both A549 and primary ATII cells upon TGF-β treatment (10 ng/mL, 16 hr). The cells were treated with 0.05% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 8h prior to TGF-β treatment and collected 48 hrs post-siRNA transfection. TCL: total cell lysate.

  • 1/16

    TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Mol Hepatol. 2023 Apr;29(2):465-481. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     Protein levels of α-SMA and collagen 1 in LX-2 and JS-1 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 24h) treatment.

  • 1/16

    TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Mol Hepatol. 2023 Apr;29(2):465-481. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     mRNA levels of α-SMA and collagen 1 in LX-2 and JS-1 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 24h) treatment.

  • 1/16

    TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cells. 2022 Nov 5;11(21):3505. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     Western blot analysis of Vimentin, α-SMA in HK-2 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 48 h) treatment.

  • 1/16

    TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cells. 2022 Nov 5;11(21):3505. [Abstract]

    Customer Validation
     Protein expression levels of Collagen I and Fibronectin in HK-2 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 48 h) treatment were detected by Western blot.

  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) Product Image
    1/16
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • Experimental Validation Results for TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293)
  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) Product Image

  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2025 Feb 21;16(1):1865. [Abstract]

    Immunoblot analysis was conducted to assess the effect of siRNA-mediated FOXN3 knockdown on the levels of Smad proteins in both A549 and primary ATII cells upon TGF-β treatment (10 ng/mL, 16 hr). The cells were treated with 0.05% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 8h prior to TGF-β treatment and collected 48 hrs post-siRNA transfection. TCL: total cell lysate.

  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Mol Hepatol. 2023 Apr;29(2):465-481. [Abstract]

    Protein levels of α-SMA and collagen 1 in LX-2 and JS-1 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 24h) treatment.

  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Mol Hepatol. 2023 Apr;29(2):465-481. [Abstract]

    mRNA levels of α-SMA and collagen 1 in LX-2 and JS-1 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 24h) treatment.

  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cells. 2022 Nov 5;11(21):3505. [Abstract]

    Western blot analysis of Vimentin, α-SMA in HK-2 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 48 h) treatment.

  • TGF beta 1/TGFB1 Protein, Human (HEK293) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cells. 2022 Nov 5;11(21):3505. [Abstract]

    Protein expression levels of Collagen I and Fibronectin in HK-2 cells after TGF β (10 ng/mL, 48 h) treatment were detected by Western blot.