SMN2 - survival of motor neuron 2, centromeric Gene
Also Known as SMNC; BCD541; GEMIN1; TDRD16B; C-BCD541
Species: Homo sapiens
About SMN2
This gene has 16 transcripts (splice variants), 1 gene allele, 225 orthologues, 2 paralogues and is associated with 8 phenotypes. Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 24.2), testis (RPKM 21.9) and 25 other tissues.
Summary
This gene is part of a 500 kb inverted duplication on chromosome 5q13. This duplicated region contains at least four genes and repetitive elements which make it prone to rearrangements and deletions. The repetitiveness and complexity of the sequence have also caused difficulty in determining the organization of this genomic region. The telomeric and centromeric copies of this gene are nearly identical and encode the same protein. While mutations in the telomeric copy are associated with spinal muscular atrophy, mutations in this gene, the centromeric copy, do not lead to disease. This gene may be a modifier of disease caused by mutation in the telomeric copy. The critical sequence difference between the two genes is a single nucleotide in exon 7, which is thought to be an exon splice enhancer. Note that the nine exons of both the telomeric and centromeric copies are designated historically as exon 1, 2a, 2b, and 3-8. It is thought that gene conversion events may involve the two genes, leading to varying copy numbers of each gene. The full length protein encoded by this gene localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Within the nucleus, the protein localizes to subnuclear bodies called gems which are found near coiled bodies containing high concentrations of small ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs). This protein forms heteromeric complexes with proteins such as SIP1 and GEMIN4, and also interacts with several proteins known to be involved in the biogenesis of snRNPs, such as hnRNP U protein and the small nucleolar RNA binding protein. Four transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2008]
SMN2 Products (4)
| mRNA | Protein | Name |
|---|---|---|
| NM_017411.4 | NP_059107.1 | survival motor neuron protein isoform d |
| NM_022875.3 | NP_075013.1 | survival motor neuron protein isoform a |
| NM_022876.2 | NP_075014.1 | survival motor neuron protein isoform b |
| NM_022877.2 | NP_075015.1 | survival motor neuron protein isoform c |
| Molecular Function GO Annotation | Evidence | References | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| enables identical protein binding |
IPI
IPI: Inferred from physical interaction
|
8670859 | GOA |
| enables protein binding |
IPI
IPI: Inferred from physical interaction
|
10500148 | GOA |
| Biological Process GO Annotation | Evidence | References | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| involved in DNA-templated transcription termination |
IMP
IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype
|
26700805 | GOA |
| involved in spliceosomal complex assembly |
IMP
IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype
|
9845364 | GOA |
| involved in spliceosomal snRNP assembly |
EXP
EXP: Inferred from Experiment
|
12067652 | GOA |
| involved in spliceosomal snRNP assembly |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
18984161 | GOA |
| Cellular Component GO Annotation | Evidence | References | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| located in Cajal body |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
11283611 | GOA |
| located in Gemini of coiled bodies |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
8670859 | GOA |
| part of SMN complex |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
11283611 | GOA |
| part of SMN complex |
IPI
IPI: Inferred from physical interaction
|
17178713 | GOA |
| part of SMN-Sm protein complex |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
18984161 | GOA |
| located in cytoplasm |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
9845364 | GOA |
| located in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
18093976 | GOA |
| located in cytosol |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
18984161 | GOA |
| located in neuron projection |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
18093976 | GOA |
| located in nucleoplasm |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
17068332 | GOA |
| located in nucleus |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
11283611 | GOA |
| located in perikaryon |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
18093976 | GOA |
SMN2 Protein Structure
SMN: Survival motor neuron protein (SMN) (26 - 289)
- 0
- 100
- 200
- 294 a.a.
| Protein Preferred Names | Protein Names | |
|---|---|---|
|
survival motor neuron protein |
|
Related Diseases
| Diseases | Alias | |
|---|---|---|
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Type Iii |
|
|
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Type I |
|
|
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Type Ii |
|
|
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy |
|
|
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Type Iv |
|
|
| Muscular Atrophy |
|
|
| Childhood Spinal Muscular Atrophy |
|
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| Motor Neuron Disease |
|
|
| Spinal Disease |
|
|
| Progressive Muscular Atrophy |
|
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| Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Distal, Autosomal Recessive, 1 |
|
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| Neuromuscular Disease |
|
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| Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 0 |
|
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| Autosomal Recessive Distal Hereditary Motor Neuronopathy |
|
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| Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Neuronal, 7 |
|
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| Muscle Tissue Disease |
|
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| Spinal Muscular Atrophy With Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy |
|
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| Spinal Muscular Atrophy, X-Linked 2 |
|
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| Dubowitz Syndrome |
|
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| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 1 |
|
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| Muscular Disease |
|
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| Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Axonal, Type 2e |
|
|
| Neuropathy, Hereditary Sensory And Autonomic, Type Iii |
|
|
| 46,Xy Sex Reversal 1 |
|
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| Neuronopathy, Distal Hereditary Motor, Type Va |
|
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| Anterior Horn Cell Disease |
|
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| Spinal And Bulbar Muscular Atrophy, X-Linked 1 |
|
|
| Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, 2a |
|
|
| Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, 1ff |
|
|
| Cytomegalovirus Retinitis |
|
|
| Amyloidosis, Hereditary, Transthyretin-Related |
|
|
| Tay-Sachs Disease |
|
|
| Bone Structure Disease |
|
|
| Lethal Congenital Contracture Syndrome 4 |
|
|
| Distal Arthrogryposis |
|
|
| Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia |
|
|
| Myotonic Dystrophy 1 |
|
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| Peripheral Nervous System Disease |
|
|
| Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome |
|
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| Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis |
|
|
| Myopathy |
|
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| Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease |
|
|
| Nervous System Disease |
|
|
| Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia |
|
|
| Leber Plus Disease |
|
|
| Fundus Dystrophy |
|
|
| Retinitis Pigmentosa |
|
|