24-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase
Definition:
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in neural cholesterol clearance through bile acid synthesis. Catalyzes 7-alpha hydroxylation of (24S)-hydroxycholesterol, a neural oxysterol that is metabolized to bile acids in the liver. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase).
References:
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[1]. J Li-Hawkins, et al. Expression cloning of an oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase selective for 24-hydroxycholesterol. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jun 2;275(22):16543-9. [Content Brief]
[2]. Ashlee R Stiles, et al. Genetic, anatomic, and clinical determinants of human serum sterol and vitamin D levels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Sep 23;111(38):E4006-14. [Content Brief]
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