Human echinococcosis

Definition:

Human echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the larval stages of the cestode parasites Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis, affecting an estimated 2-3 million people worldwide. Contamination of humans occurs by the ingestion of the parasite eggs, either after touching carnivore hosts, or after eating food contaminated by carnivore feces. E. granulosus causes benign tumors/cysts (hydatid cyst disease) that is most often curable. Disease due to E. multilocularis (alveolar hydatid disease) is less common but more difficult to treat. In echinococcosis, anaphylactic reactions might occur with fatal outcome.

References:

[1]. Benjamin N Bristow, et al. Human echinococcosis mortality in the United States, 1990-2007. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(2):e1524. [Content Brief]

[2]. C N L Macpherson, et al. Application of ultrasound in diagnosis, treatment, epidemiology, public health and control of Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis. Parasitology. 2003;127 Suppl:S21-35. [Content Brief]

[3]. Dominique A Vuitton, et al. Echinococcosis and allergy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2004 Apr;26(2):93-104. [Content Brief]

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