BGLAP - bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein Gene

Also Known as OC; BGP; OCN

Species: Homo sapiens

Gene Type: protein coding

Gene ID: 632

About BGLAP

Cytogenetic location: 1q22 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 1:156,242,184-156,243,317 (from NCBI)

This gene has 2 transcripts (splice variants) and 115 orthologues. Ubiquitous expression in endometrium (RPKM 1.6), prostate (RPKM 1.4) and 25 other tissues.

Summary

This gene encodes a highly abundant bone protein secreted by osteoblasts that regulates bone remodeling and energy metabolism. The encoded protein contains a Gla (gamma carboxyglutamate) domain, which functions in binding to calcium and hydroxyapatite, the mineral component of bone. Serum osteocalcin levels may be negatively correlated with metabolic syndrome. Read-through transcription exists between this gene and the neighboring upstream gene, PMF1 (polyamine-modulated factor 1), but the encoded protein only shows sequence identity with the upstream gene product. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2015]

BGLAP Products (1)

mRNA	Protein	Name
NM_199173.6	NP_954642.1	osteocalcin preproprotein

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Biological Process
Cellular Component

Molecular Function GO Annotation	Evidence	References	Source
enables protein binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	32296183	GOA

Biological Process GO Annotation	Evidence	References	Source
involved in osteoblast differentiation	IEP IEP: Inferred from expression pattern	17023519	GOA
involved in response to vitamin D	IEP IEP: Inferred from expression pattern	17023519	GOA

Cellular Component GO Annotation	Evidence	References	Source
located in cytoplasm	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	11856645	GOA

EXP: Inferred from Experiment IDA: Inferred from direct assay IPI: Inferred from physical interaction IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype IGI: Inferred from genetic interaction IEP: Inferred from expression pattern

BGLAP Protein Structure

Gla

0
100 a.a.

Protein Preferred Names	Protein Names
osteocalcin	bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein (osteocalcin)

BGLAP Protein-protein interaction Information

Type	Protein Name	Protein ID	Interactor	Interactor Species	Interactor ID	Detection Method	References
Intra	BGLAP	P02818	ASPH	Homo sapiens	Q12797-6	Validated Y2H	32296183

Cross: Cross-species interaction Intra: Intraspecies interaction

BGLAP Antibodies

Cat. No.	Product Name	Application	Reactivity
HY-P81217	Osteocalcin Antibody	WB, ELISA, IHC-P, IHC-F, ICC/IF	Human, Mouse

Related Diseases

Diseases	Alias
Osteitis Fibrosa	Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica Hyperparathyroid Bone Disease Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica Generalisata Von Recklinghausen'S Bone Disease Osteitis Fibrosa Disseminata
Renal Osteodystrophy	Renal Rickets Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral And Bone Disorder
Osteonecrosis	Bone Necrosis Avascular Necrosis Of Bone Aseptic Necrosis Necrosis Of Bone Nos Aseptic Osteonecrosis Aseptic Necrosis Of Bone, Site Unspecified Aseptic Or Avascular Bone Necrosis Aseptic Necrosis Of Bone Necrotic Bone Necrotizing Bone Spontaneous Osteonecrosis Osteoradionecrosis
Nontoxic Goiter	Goiter, Non-Toxic Goitre, Non-Toxic Nodule-Thyroid, Non Tox Non-Toxic Goitre Non-Toxic Simple Goitre Goitre Nos Goitre Struma Enlarged Thyroid Gland Thyromegaly Thyroid Hypertrophy Thyroid Gland Hypertrophy Thyroid Hyperplasia Thyroid Gland Hyperplasia Swelling Of Thyroid Gland Substernal Thyroid Mass Substernal Goitre Substernal Thyroid Retrosternal Thyroid Struma Sporadic Nodular Struma Struma Of Thyroid Retrosternal Goitre Plunging Goitre Nontoxic Nodular Goitre Nodular Struma Form Of Goitre Hyperplastic Goitre Hypertrophic Thyroid Intrathoracic Goitre Nodular Goitre
Camurati-Engelmann Disease	Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia Ced Engelmann Disease Diaphyseal Dysplasia 1, Progressive Pdd Diaphyseal Dysplasia Dpd1 Camurati-Engelmann Syndrome CAEND Engelman'S Disease Diaphyseal Hyperostosis Diaphyseal Osteosclerosis
Osteoporosis	Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal Bone Mineral Density Quantitative Trait Locus Bmnd Osteoporosis, Involutional Osteoporosis, Susceptibility To Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal, Susceptibility Bone Mineral Density Variation Qtl, Osteoporosis OSTEOP Involutional Osteoporosis Senile Osteoporosis Osteoporosis Postmenopausal Bone Mineral Density, Quantitative Trait Locus Osteoporosis, Senile Idiopathic Osteoporosis Bone Rarefaction Nos Type 1 Osteoporosis
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism	Hyperparathyroidism Secondary Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Nec
Fibrous Dysplasia	Fibrous Dysplasia Of Bone
Fibrosarcomatous Osteosarcoma	Fibroblastic Osteosarcoma Fibrosarcomatous Osteogenic Sarcoma
Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding	Vitamin K Deficiency Deficiency Of Vitamin K Vitamin K Vitamin K Deficiency Hemorrhagic Disease
Rickets	Vitamin D Deficiency Vitamin D Active Rickets Hypovitaminosis D Nutritional Rickets Vitamin D Deficiency Disease Vitamin-D Deficiency Rickets Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets Avitaminosis D Infantile Osteomalacia Juvenile Osteomalacia
Osteomalacia	Adult Rickets
Bone Disease	Bone Diseases Skeletal Disease Skeletal Disorder Disorder Of Skeletal System
Hyperparathyroidism	Hyperparathyroidism And Other Disorders Of Parathyroid Gland Parathyroid Hyperfunction Hpth - [Hyperparathyroidism] Parathyroid Gland Hyperfunction Parathyroid Glandular Hyperfunction
Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma	Chondrosarcomatous Osteogenic Sarcoma
Hyperthyroidism	Overactive Thyroid
Primary Hyperparathyroidism	Familial Primary Hyperparathyroidism Hyperparathyroidism, Primary Hyperparathyroidism Primary Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia, Familial, Type 1 Familial Benign Hypercalcemia Familial Hyperparathyroidism Parathyroid Enlargement
Osteoporosis, Juvenile	Idiopathic Juvenile Osteoporosis Idiopathic Osteoporosis Juvenile Osteoporosis Ijo
Hypoparathyroidism	Hypoparathyroidism, Idiopathic Parathyroid, Underactivity Of Syndrome With Hypoparathyroidism Deficiency Of Parathyroid Hormone Parathyroid Gland Insufficiency Parathyroid Insufficiency Hypoparathyroidism Due To Impaired Pth - [Parathyroid Hormone] Secretion
Hypophosphatemia	Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Hereditary Hypophosphatemic Rickets Vdrr Vitamin D Resistant Rickets Hypophosphatemic Rickets, X-Linked Dominant Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets
Pseudohypoparathyroidism	Familial Pseudohypoparathyroidism Parathyroid Hormone Resistant Hypoparathyroidism Php - [Pseudohypoparathyroidism] Constitutional Chronic Hypocalcaemia
Osteopetrosis, Autosomal Dominant 2	OPTA2 Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis 2 Osteopetrosis Autosomal Dominant Type 2 Osteopetrosis, Autosomal Dominant, Type Ii Albers-Schonberg Osteopetrosis Autosomal Dominant Albers-Schonberg Disease Osteopetrosis Marble Bones, Autosomal Dominant Osteosclerosis Fragilis Generalisata Albers-Schonberg Disease, Autosomal Dominant Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis Type Ii Albers-Schönberg Osteopetrosis Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis Type 2 Marble Disease Autosomal Dominant Osteopetrosis, Autosomal Dominant, Type 2
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis	Steroid-Induced Osteoporosis
Bone Resorption Disease	Bone Resorption
Paget'S Disease Of Bone	Osteitis Deformans Paget Disease Of Bone Osseous Paget'S Disease Paget Disease Of Bone, Familial Bone Paget Disease Familial Paget'S Disease Of Bone Paget'S Bone Disease Familial Paget Disease Of Bone Paget Disease, Bone Pdb Pagets Bone Disease
Hemarthrosis	Haemarthrosis Of Shoulder Joint Haemarthrosis Of The Ankle And Foot Haemarthrosis Of The Pelvic Region And Thigh Hemarthrosis Involving Ankle And Foot Hemarthrosis Involving Forearm Hemarthrosis Involving Hand Hemarthrosis Involving Lower Leg Hemarthrosis Involving Pelvic Region And Thigh Hemarthrosis Involving Shoulder Region Hemarthrosis Involving Upper Arm Hemarthrosis Of Ankle And/Or Foot Hemarthrosis Of Forearm Hemarthrosis Of Hand Hemarthrosis Of Lower Leg Hemarthrosis Of Shoulder Hemarthrosis Of Shoulder Region Hemarthrosis Of The Ankle And Foot Hemarthrosis Of The Ankle And/Or Foot Hemarthrosis Of The Forearm Hemarthrosis Of The Hand Hemarthrosis Of The Lower Leg Hemarthrosis Of The Pelvic Region And Thigh Hemarthrosis Of The Shoulder Region Hemarthrosis Of The Upper Arm Hemarthrosis Of Upper Arm
Osteofibrous Dysplasia	Ofd OSFD Jaffe-Campanacci Syndrome Ossifying Fibroma Osteofibrous Dysplasia, Susceptibility To Tibia, Bowing Of, With Pseudarthrosis And Pectus Excavatum Intracortical Fibrous Dysplasia Bowing Of Tibia With Pseudarthrosis And Pectus Excavatum Dysplasia, Osteofibrous, Susceptibility To
Chronic Kidney Disease	Chronic Renal Disease Chronic Kidney Failure Ckd Chronic Renal Failure Kidney Failure, Chronic Chronic Renal Failure Syndrome Crf Renal Failure - Chronic Renal Failure Chronic Chronic Kidney Diseases Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5 Ckd - [Chronic Kidney Disease] Crf - [Chronic Renal Failure] Chronic Kidney Impairment Chronic Renal Impairment Chronic Kidney Shutdown Chronic Hypoxic Kidney Failure Chronic Kidney Collapse Chronic Renal Insufficiency Chronic Kidney Toxaemia Chronic Kidney Hypofunction Chronic Renal Suppression Chronic Renal Failure, Stage 5 Ckd - [Chronic Kidney Disease] Stage 5 End Stage Kidney Failure End Stage Renal Failure End Stage Kidney Disease End Stage Renal Disease End Stage Chronic Renal Failure Esrf - [End Stage Renal Failure] Esrd - [End Stage Renal Diseases] Egfr - [Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate] < 15 Ml/Min/1.73m²
Thyrotoxic Exophthalmos
Bone Remodeling Disease
Acromegaly	Gigantism Growth Hormone Excess Pituitary Giant Somatotroph Adenoma Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma
Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Type I	Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type I OI1 Oi, Type I Osteogenesis Imperfecta Tarda Osteogenesis Imperfecta With Blue Sclerae Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type 1 Adair-Dighton Syndrome Mild Osteogenesis Imperfecta Non-Deforming Osteogenesis Imperfecta Oi Type 1 Van Der Hoeve Syndrome Classic Non-Deforming Oi With Blue Sclerae Osteogenesis Imperfecta 1 Oi-I Osteopenic Non-Fracture Syndrome Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Mild Osteogenesis Imperfecta Lobstein'S Disease
Rhinitis	Runny Nose
Goiter	Goitre
Brittle Bone Disorder	Osteogenesis Imperfecta Brittle Bone Disease Fragilitas Ossium Osteopsathyrosis Lobstein Disease Oi Vrolik Disease Lobstein'S Disease Lobstein'S Syndrome Vrolik'S Disease Porak And Durante Disease Glass Bone Disease Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Dominant Perinatal Lethal Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Recessive Perinatal Lethal Brittle Bone Syndrome Oi - [Osteogenesis Imperfecta] Ossium Fragility Osteitis Fragilitans Bony Fragility Blue Sclera With Fragility Of Bone And Deafness White Blue Sclera - Fragility Of Bone - Deafness
Hyperphosphatemia
Osseous Heteroplasia, Progressive	Progressive Osseous Heteroplasia POH Osteoma Cutis Familial Ectopic Ossification Ectopic Ossification Familial Type Ectopic Ossification Heterotopic Ossification Ectopic Ossification, Familial Cutaneous Ossification Myositis Ossificans Progressiva Osteodermia Osteosis Cutis Ossification Heterotopic Heteroplasia, Osseous, Progressive Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
Periodontitis	Chronic Pericementitis Chronic Periodontitis
Cleidocranial Dysplasia	Cleidocranial Dysostosis CLCD Cleidocranial Dysplasia, Forme Fruste, Dental Anomalies Only Cleidocranial Dysplasia, Forme Fruste, With Brachydactyly CCD Marie-Sainton Disease Dysplasia Cleidocranial Dento-Osseous Dysplasia Marie-Sainton Syndrome Dysplasia, Cleidocranial
Ischemic Bone Disease
Pseudohypoparathyroidism, Type Ib	Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1b PHP1B Pseudohypoparathyroidism Ib Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type Ib Php Ib Pseudohypoparathyroidism 1b
Hemiplegia	Infantile Hemiplegia Postnatal Infantile Hemiplegia Hemiplegia, Infantile
Osteopetrosis	Marble Bone Disease Albers-Schonberg Disease Osteopetroses Marble Bones Osteopetrosis And Related Disorders Congenital Osteopetrosis Marble Bone Albers-Schoenberg Disease Albers-Schonberg Osteopetrosis Osteosclerosis Fragilis Ivory Bones
Endocrine Exophthalmos	Endocrine Exopthalmos Thyroid Associated Opthalmopathies
Achondroplasia	Achondroplastic Dwarfism ACH Osteosclerosis Congenita Achondroplastic Physique Chondrodystrophia Dwarf, Achondroplastic Achondroplastic Short Stature Congenital Osteosclerosis
Hypogonadism
Osteoarthritis	Osteoarthrosis Degenerative Joint Disease Hypertrophic Arthritis Arthropathy Degenerative Polyarthritis Degenerative Arthritis Osteoarthrosis And Allied Disorder Arthritis, Degenerative Oa Osteoarthritis Deformans Osteoarthrosis Deformans Kashin-Beck Disease
Amenorrhea	Absence Of Menstruation Amenia
Spondyloarthropathy 1	Ankylosing Spondylitis Spondyloarthropathy, Susceptibility To, 1 SPDA1 Marie-Strumpell Spondylitis Bechterew Syndrome Spa Spondylarthritis Ankylopoietica Reiter Syndrome Ankylosing Spondylitis, Susceptibility To Bekhterev Syndrome Bekhterev'S Disease Marie-Strumpell Disease Axial Spondylarthritis Bechterew Disease Marie-Struempell Disease Spondylitis Ankylopoietica Spondyloarthritis Spondyloarthritis Ankylopoietica Spas Ankylosing Spondylarthritis Psoriatic Arthritis Reactive Arthritis Rheumatoid Spondylitis Spondylitis Ankylosans Spondylitis Ankylosing Spondylitis, Ankylosing Spondylarthropathies Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Reactive
Parathyroid Gland Disease	Parathyroid Diseases Disease Of Parathyroid Glands Parathyroid Disease
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 IDDM Type 1 Diabetes Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus T1D Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Jod Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent-1 Type I Diabetes Mellitus Autoimmune Diabetes Juvenile Diabetes Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes, Insulin Dependent Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus-1 Diabetes Mellitus Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility To Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Susceptibility To Diabetes Type 1 Type I Diabetes Diabetes, Autoimmune T1dm - [Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus] Iddm - [Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus] Type 1 Iddm Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus Without Compications Idiopathic Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Without Complications Juvenile-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Without Compications Ketosis-Prone Diabetes Mellitus Without Compications Juvenile-Onset-Type Diabetes Mellitus Without Compications
Hyperprolactinemia	Chiari-Frommel Syndrome Hyperprolactinaemia Familial Hyperprolactinemia HPRL Pregnancy-Related A-G Syndrome Familial Isolated Prolactin Receptor Deficiency
Conn'S Syndrome	Cushing Syndrome Hyperaldosteronism Primary Hyperaldosteronism Hypercortisolism Primary Aldosteronism Cushing'S Syndrome Adrenal Gland Hyperfunction Conn Syndrome Hyperadrenalism Ectopic Acth Syndrome Hyperadrenocorticism Cushing Disease Cushing'S Disease Adrenal Cortex Adenoma Corticotroph Pituitary Adenoma Pituitary Corticotroph Micro-Adenoma Pituitary-Dependent Cushing Syndrome Pituitary Acth Hypersecretion Acth Syndrome, Ectopic Acth-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma Adrenal Hyperfunction Resulting From Pituitary Acth Excess Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Syndrome Nodular Primary Adrenocortical Dysplasia Pituitary Dependent Cushing Syndrome Pituitary Cushing Syndrome Pituitary-Dependant Cushing Syndrome Pituitary-Dependant Hypercortisolism Pituitary-Dependant Hypercortisolism Disorder Aldosteronism Primary Acth Syndrome Ectopic Adrenal Cushing'S Syndrome Adrenal Cortical Adenoma Cushing Syndrome Nos Cortisol Hypersecretion Corticoadrenal Hypersecretion Cushing Syndrome Secondary To Ectopic Acth-Secretion Ectopic Cushing Syndrome Hypercortisolism Due To Nonpituitary Tumour Ectopic Acth - [Adrenocorticotropic Hormone] Secretion Ectopic Acth - [Adrenocorticotropic Hormone] Secretion Causing Cushing Syndrome Idiopathic Aldosteronism Aldosteronism Primary Aldosteronism Due To Bilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia Primary Aldosteronism Due To Adrenal Hyperplasia
Benign Giant Cell Tumor	Giant Cell Tumors
Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome	SCS Acs3 Acs Iii Chotzen Syndrome Acrocephaly, Skull Asymmetry, And Mild Syndactyly Acrocephalosyndactyly Type 3 Acrocephalosyndactyly, Type Iii Acrocephalosyndactyly Type Iii Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome With Or Without Eyelid Anomalies Auralcephalosyndactyly Acs 3 Acrocephalo-Syndactyly, Type 3 Blepharophimosis,Epicanthus Inversus, And Ptosis 3 Aural Cephalosyndactyly Kurczynski-Casperson Syndrome Acrocephalosyndactyly Iii Dysostosis Craniofacialis With Hypertelorism Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome, With/Without Eyelid Anomalies Sakati Syndrome
Aggressive Periodontitis	Juvenile Periodontitis Periodontitis, Juvenile Prepubertal Periodontitis
Nutritional Deficiency Disease	Malnutrition Nutritional Disorder Nutritional Deficiency Nutrition Deficiency Diseases Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease Nutrition Disorders
Tooth Resorption
Dental Pulp Disease	Dental Pulp Diseases Dental Pulp Disorder Disorder Of Pulp Of Tooth Pulp Disorder
Anorexia Nervosa	Anorexia Nervosa, Susceptibility To ANON Anorexia Nervosa, Susceptibility To, 1 An Anorexia Nervosa 1 An - [Anorexia Nervosa]
Dental Pulp Necrosis	Pulp Necrosis Necrotic Pulp Necrosis Of The Pulp Dead Pulp Devitalised Pulp Putrescent Pulpitis Devitalized Tooth Dental Pulp Gangrene Pulp Gangrene Nonvital Tooth Pulpless Tooth Putrescent Pulp
Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Type Xxi	OI21 Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type 21 Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Type 21 Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type Xxi Osteogenesis Imperfecta 21
Asthma	Chronic Obstructive Asthma Asthma, Diminished Response To Antileukotriene Treatment In Bronchial Hyperreactivity Asthma, Susceptibility To Asthma, Bronchial Asthma, Protection Against Asthma, Nocturnal, Susceptibility To Nocturnal Asthma Asthma-Related Traits Asthma-Related Traits, Susceptibility To Asthma, Nocturnal Chronic Obstructive Asthma With Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Asthma With Status Asthmaticus Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise-Induced Asthma Bronchial Asthma Asthma, Exercise-Induced Idiosyncratic Asthma Unspecified Asthma With Acute Exacerbation Asthma, Unspecified, With Stated Status Asthmaticus Status Asthmaticus Nos Acute Severe Asthma Acute Severe Bronchial Asthma Status Asthma Status Post Asthmaticus
Hypocalcemia, Autosomal Dominant 1	Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia 1 HYPOC1 Hypocalcemia, Autosomal Dominant Hypercalciuric Hypocalcemia Hypocalcemia, Autosomal Dominant, With Bartter Syndrome Familial Hypocalcemia Hypocalcemia, Familial Hypoc Adh Autosomal Dominant Hypoparathyroidism Familial Hypercalciuric Hypocalcemia Ad Hypocalcemia Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia With Bartter Syndrome Hypoparathyroidism - Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia
Osteogenic Sarcoma	Osteosarcoma OSRC Osteosarcoma, Somatic Neoplasms, Bone Tissue Bone Tissue Neoplasm Osteoid Sarcoma Skeletal Sarcoma Osteosarcoma Of Bone Bone Sarcoma
Hypopituitarism	Pituitary Hypofunction Pituitary Insufficiency Pituitary Hormone Deficiency Subpituitarism Hypophyseal Dystrophy Hypohypophysism Anterior Pituitary Insufficiency Deficient Secretion Of One Or More Pituitary Hormones Hypopituitarism Syndrome Pituitary Deficiency Pituitary Failure Pituitary Insufficiency Nos Anterior Pituitary Hypofunction Deficient Secretion Of All Pituitary Hormones Hypopituitary Dwarfism Hyposomatotropic Dwarfism Hypophyseal Dwarfism Hypopituitary Cachexia Hypophyseal Short Stature Panhypopituitarism Syndrome Pituitary Cachexia Juvenile Hypopituitarism Pituitary Dwarfism Pituitary Gland Hypofunction Primary Hypopituitarism Secondary Hypogonadism Prepubertal Panhypopituitarism Prepubertal Dwarfism Postpartum Panhypopituitary Syndrome Postpartum Hypopituitarism Pituitary Short Stature Pituitary Infantilism Pituitary Hypogonadism Pituitary Hypoadrenocorticism
Extraosseous Osteosarcoma	Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma Extraskeletal Osteogenic Sarcoma
Mammary Paget'S Disease	Paget'S Disease Mammary Paget Disease Paget'S Disease Of The Breast Paget Disease Of The Breast Paget'S Disease Of The Nipple Paget'S Disease, Mammary Paget Cell Neoplasm Paget Disease Of The Nipple Pagets Disease Mammary Osteitis Deformans
Hypogonadism, Male	Male Hypogonadism Hypogonadism Male Testicular Hypogonadism
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis	Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Juvenile Chronic Polyarthritis Monarticular Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Pauciarticular Juvenile Arthritis Still'S Disease Systemic Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Juvenile Chronic Arthritis Acute Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Pauciarticular Onset Juvenile Chronic Arthritis Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid Jia Jra Juvenile Ra Arthritis Juvenile Rheumatoid Stills Disease Juvenile Arthritis Acute Polyarticular Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Pauciarticular Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis, Systemic Juvenile
Ossification Of The Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Of Spine	OPLL Ossification Of The Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Of The Spine Ossification Of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Of Spine Ossification, Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Spine
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I	Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Deficiency IGF1 DEFICIENCY Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Resistance To Growth Retardation With Deafness And Mental Retardation Due To Igf1 Deficiency Growth Delay Due To Insulin-Like Growth Factor Type 1 Deficiency Growth Delay Due To Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Resistance IGF1RES Igf-I Resistance Somatomedin, End-Organ Insensitivity To Somatomedin-C Somatomedin-C, Resistance To Growth Retardation With Sensorineural Deafness And Mental Retardation Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Resistance To Igf-1 Resistance Somatomedin End-Organ Insensitivity To Somatomedin-C Resistance To Growth Restriction With Sensorineural Deafness And Intellectual Disability Growth Delay-Deafness-Intellectual Disability Syndrome Growth Delay-Hearing Loss-Intellectual Disability Syndrome Igf-1 Deficiency Primary Insulin-Like Growth Factor Deficiency Resistance To Igf-1 Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Resistance End-Organ Insensitivity To Somatomedin Igf1 Resistance Resistance To Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Resistance To Somatomedin-C Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1, Resistance To
Beta-Thalassemia	Beta Thalassemia Cooley'S Anemia Mediterranean Anemia Beta Thalassemia Intermedia Erythroblastic Anemia Thalassemia, Hispanic Gamma-Delta-Beta Thalassemia Major Thalassemia Minor Beta-Plus-Thalassemia Thalassemia, Beta Beta Thalassemia Major Beta Thalassemia Minor Thalassemias, Beta- Microcytemia, Beta Type Thalassemia, Beta Type B-THAL Mediterranean Anaemia Beta Thalassaemia Syndrome Mediterranean Disease Beta Thalassaemia Disease
Mineral Metabolism Disease	Mineral Metabolism Disorder Disorder Of Mineral Metabolism
Abetalipoproteinemia	Acanthocytosis ABL Bassen-Kornzweig Syndrome Mtp Deficiency Familial Hypobetalipoproteinemia Abetalipoproteinaemia Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein Deficiency Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein Deficiency Disease Abetalipoproteinemia Neuropathy Apolipoprotein B Deficiency Bassen-Kornzweig Disease Betalipoprotein Deficiency Disease Congenital Betalipoprotein Deficiency Syndrome Homozygous Familial Hypobetalipoproteinemia Fhbl Bassen Kornzweig Syndrome Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Familial Hypobetalipoproteinemia Hypobetalipoproteinemias Hypobetalipoproteinemia, Familial, Apolipoprotein B
Van Buchem Disease	Hyperostosis Corticalis Generalisata Hyperphosphatasemia Tarda VBCH Sost-Related Sclerosing Bone Dysplasia Endosteal Hyperostosis Autosomal Recessive Sclerosteosis Endosteal Hyperostosis, Autosomal Recessive Hyperotosis Corticalis Generalisata Familiaris Sost Sclerosing Bone Dysplasia Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome
Periapical Periodontitis	Apical Periodontitis Periodontitis Apical
Prolactinoma	Prolactin-Producing Pituitary Gland Adenoma Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma Forbes-Albright Syndrome Lactotroph Adenoma Prl-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma Prloma Pituitary Lactotrophic Adenoma Familial Prolactinoma Pituitary Adenoma, Prolactin-Secreting Prolactinoma Of Pituitary Gland PSPA
Ankylosis
Myositis Ossificans	Myisitis Ossificans Ossification - Muscle
Kidney Disease	Renal Failure Kidney Failure Kidney Diseases Nephropathy Abnormality Of The Kidney Impaired Renal Function Disease Renal Anomaly Kidney Dysfunction Renal Disease Nephropathies Renal Failure Adverse Event Abnormal Renal Function
Phosphorus Metabolism Disease	Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders Disorder Of Phosphorus Metabolism Phosphorus Disorder Phosphorus Metabolism Disorder
Sclerosteosis	Cortical Hyperostosis With Syndactyly Sost Cortical Hyperostosis-Syndactyly Syndrome
Hypothyroidism	Thyroid Diseases Thyroid Disease Thyroid Deficiency Thyroid Insufficiency Dysfunction Thyroid Thyroid Dysfunction
Scoliosis
Rheumatoid Arthritis	RA Arthritis, Rheumatoid Rheumatoid Arthritis, Susceptibility To Arthritis Or Polyarthritis, Rheumatic Atrophic Arthritis Rheumatism Arthritis Rheumatoid Polyarthritis
Multicentric Carpotarsal Osteolysis Syndrome	Multicentric Carpo-Tarsal Osteolysis With Or Without Nephropathy MCTO Osteolysis, Hereditary, Of Carpal Bones With Or Without Nephropathy Idiopathic Multicentric Osteolysis With Or Without Nephropathy Autosomal Dominant Multicentric Osteolysis Hereditary Osteolysis Of Carpal Bones With Or Without Nephropathy Multicentric Osteolysis, Autosomal Dominant Multicentric Osteolysis Nephropathy Osteolysis, Carpotarsal, Multicentric Syndrome Lytic Lesion
Bone Development Disease
Sclerosteosis 1	SOST1 Sost Cortical Hyperostosis With Syndactyly Sclerosteosis Sclerosteosis, Type 1
Hypophosphatasia	Phosphoethanolaminuria Childhood Hypophosphatasia Deficiency Of Alkaline Phosphatase Hypophospatasia, Childhood Hypophosphatasia Mild Phosphoethanol-Aminuria Rathburn Disease Hpp Rathbun Disease Hypophosphatasia, Childhood Infantile Hypophosphatasia
Dental Fluorosis	Mottled Teeth Intrinsic Enamel Discolouration Of Fluorosis Mottling Of Enamel Fluorosis, Dental Dental Fluorosis, Acquired
Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia, Autosomal Dominant	Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia CMDD Cmdj Cmd Autosomal Dominant Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia, Jackson Type Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia Jackson Type Autosomal Recessive Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia Cmdr Dysplasia, Craniometaphyseal, Autosomal Dominant Craniometaphyseal Dysplasia, Autosomal Recessive Type
Gaucher'S Disease	Gaucher Disease Kerasin Thesaurismosis Glucocerebrosidase Deficiency Glucosylceramidase Deficiency Cerebroside Lipidosis Syndrome Acid Beta-Glucosidase Deficiency Glucosylceramide Beta-Glucosidase Deficiency Acute Cerebral Gaucher Disease Gaucher Splenomegaly Glucocerebrosidosis Glucosyl Cerebroside Lipidosis Kerasin Lipoidosis Lipoid Histiocytosis Glocucerebrosidase Deficiency Sphingolipidosis 1 Gaucher Syndrome Gauchers Disease Gd Glucosylceramide Lipidosis Kerasin Histiocytosis Gaucher Disease, Type 1 Gaucher Disease, Type 2
Prostate Cancer	Prostate Carcinoma Prostate Cancer, Familial Prostate Neoplasm Prostate Cancer, Somatic Prostate Cancer, Susceptibility To Prostatic Cancer Prostatic Neoplasms Hereditary Prostate Cancer Prostatic Neoplasm Cancer Of Prostate Carcinoma Of Prostate Familial Prostate Cancer Familial Prostate Carcinoma Malignant Tumor Of Prostate Malignant Neoplasm Of Prostate Prostate Cancer, Familial, Susceptibility To Malignant Tumor Of The Prostate Ngp - New Growth Of Prostate Tumor Of The Prostate Prostate Cancer, Hereditary Cancer Of The Prostate Malignant Neoplasm Of The Prostate Prostatic Carcinoma PC Prca Cancer, Prostate Malignant Prostatic Tumour Malignant Tumour Of Prostate Primary Prostate Cancer Primary Malignant Neoplasm Of Prostate Prostate Gland Cancer
Pycnodysostosis	Pyknodysostosis PKND Pycd Toulouse-Lautrec Syndrome
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis	Chronic Multifocal Osteomyelitis CRMO Cmo Cno/Crmo Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis/Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis, Chronic Multifocal Multifocal Osteomyelitis, Chronic Chronic Osteomyelitis Chronic Multifocal Osteomyelitis, Unspecified Site Crmo - [Chronic Multifocal Osteomyelitis] Chronic Osteomyelitis With Draining Sinus, Unspecified Site Bone Fistula With Chronic Osteomyelitis
Osteoblastoma
Cerebral Palsy	Infantile Cerebral Palsy Mixed Cerebral Palsy Palsy Cerebral Palsy, Cerebral Cerebral Palsy, Mixed
Exostosis	Osteophyte Exostoses Orbital Exostosis Exostosis Of Orbit Bone Spur Bony Outgrowth Swimmer'S Exostosis Osteophytes External Exotoses Cartilaginous Exostosis
Muscular Atrophy	Muscle Wasting Amyotrophia Wasting - Muscle Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
Hypophosphatemic Rickets, X-Linked Dominant	X-Linked Hypophosphatemia Xlh Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets, X-Linked X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets XLHR Hyp Hypophosphatemic Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Hpdr X-Linked Dominant Hypophosphatemic Rickets Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets Hypophosphatemia, X-Linked Hypophosphatemia, Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Hypophosphatemic Rickets X-Linked Dominant X-Linked Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Hypophophatemia, X-Linked Hypophophatemic Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Hypophosphatemia X-Linked Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets X-Linked Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets Rickets, X-Linked Hypophosphatemic
Aortic Valve Disease 1	Aortic Valve Disease Bicuspid Aortic Valve Aortic Valve Disorder AOVD1 Bav Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease Familial Bicuspid Aortic Valve Aortic Valve Calcification Aovd Aortic Valve, Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Calcification Of Aortic Stenosis, Calcific Familial Bav Calcific Aortic Stenosis Calcification Of Aortic Valve Abnormality Of The Aortic Valve Aortic Valve Disease, Type 1 Aortic Valve Disease 2 Bicommissural Aortic Valve
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis	Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Ankylosing Vertebral Hyperostosis Dish Disseminated Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Forestier Disease Forestier'S Disease Hyperostosis Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal
Inflammatory Bowel Disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Bowel Disease, Inflammatory
Breast Adenocarcinoma	Mammary Adenocarcinoma Adenocarcinoma Of Breast
Teeth Hard Tissue Disease
Primary Biliary Cholangitis	Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Biliary Liver Cirrhosis Chronic Nonsuppurative Destructive Cholangitis Familial Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Pbc Hanot Syndrome Cholestatic Cirrhosis Biliary Cirrhosis Primary Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary Hanot'S Cirrhosis Biliary Cirrhosis Pericholangiolic Biliary Cirrhosis Tannhauser-Magendantz Syndrome Hanot-Rossle Syndrome Hypertrophic Cirrhosis Todd Cirrhosis Hanot Cirrhosis Charcot Cirrhosis Mahon-Tannhauser Syndrome Toxic Cirrhosis Hypertrophic Biliary Cirrhosis Monolobular Cirrhosis Unilobar Cirrhosis Xanthomatous Biliary Cirrhosis
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	Insulin Resistance NIDDM Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent T2D Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus, Type Ii Maturity-Onset Diabetes Insulin Resistance, Severe, Digenic Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Association With Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Late Onset Hypertension, Insulin Resistance-Related, Susceptibility To Insulin Resistance, Susceptibility To Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Type Ii Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Susceptibility To Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, Susceptibility To Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent, Susceptibility To Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Susceptibility To Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin-Dependent, 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Type Ii, Susceptibility To Hypertension, Insulin Resistance-Related Adult-Onset Diabetes Aodm Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Susceptibility To Diabetes, Type Ii, Susceptibility To Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Adult Onset Diabetes Maturity Onset Diabetes Nonketotic Diabetes Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus T2dm - [Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus] Niddm - [Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus] Dm2 Dm Type Ii Diabetic Type 2 Insulin Requiring Type 2 Diabetes Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Without Complications Diabetes Due To Insulin Secretory Defect Diabetes Mellitus Due To Insulin Secretory Defect Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Of The Young Senile Diabetes Nonketotic Hyperglycaemia Stable Diabetes
Bone Osteosarcoma	Osteosarcoma Of Bone Primary Osteosarcoma Of Bone
Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes
Osteochondrodysplasia	Skeletal Dysplasia Chondrodystrophy Congenital Anomaly Of Cartilage Osteochondrodysplasias Cartilage Development Disorder Osteochondrodysplasia Syndrome Dysplasia, Skeletal Mucopolysaccharidosis Iv
Essential Thrombocythemia	Essential Thrombocytosis Familial Thrombocytosis Hemorrhagic Thrombocythemia Hereditary Thrombocythemia Primary Thrombocytosis Idiopathic Thrombocythemia Primary Thrombocythemia Thrombocythemia, Essential Essential Thrombocythaemia Et Familial Thrombocythemia Thrombocythemia Essential
Bone Structure Disease
Myeloma, Multiple	Multiple Myeloma Plasma Cell Myeloma Kahler Disease Myelomatosis Medullary Plasmacytoma Multiple Myeloma, Resistance To Myeloma Plasma Cell Dyscrasia Kahler'S Disease Multiple Myeloma, Susceptibility To Myeloma - Multiple Kahler-Bozzolo Disease Plasma Cell Myelomas MM Plasma Cell Neoplasm Primary Systemic Amyloidosis Primary Amyloidosis Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease Plasmacytic Myeloma Multiple Myelomata Multiple Myeloma Nos Multiple Myeloma Without Mention Of Remission Monostotic Plasma Cell Myeloma Mm - [Multiple Myeloma]
Meckel Syndrome, Type 7	Meckel Syndrome 7 Nphp3-Related Meckel-Like Syndrome MKS7 Goldston Syndrome Meckel Syndrome Type 7 Meckel-Like Syndrome Type 1 Renal-Hepatic-Pancreatic Dysplasia-Dandy-Walker Cysts Syndrome Renal Hepatic Pancreatic Dysplasia Dandy Walker Cyst Renal-Hepatic-Pancreatic Dysplasia With Dandy-Walker Cyst Meckel-Gruber Syndrome, Type 7 Dandy-Walker Cyst With Renal-Hepatic-Pancreatic Dysplasia
Aortic Valve Disease 2	Aortic Valve Stenosis Aortic Stenosis Rheumatic Aortic Stenosis AOVD2 Bicuspid Aortic Valve Rheumatic Aortic Valve Stenosis Valvular Aortic Stenosis Aortic Valve Disease, Type 2 Aortic Valve Stricture Aortic Valve Obstruction Obstructed Aorta Valve Rheumatic Aortic Obstruction Rheumatic Aortic Valve Obstruction Rheumatic Aortic Stricture Aortic Valve Regurgitation Aortic Insufficiency With Stenosis Rheumatic Aortic Valve Stenosis With Insufficiency Rheumatic Aortic Stenosis With Incompetence Rheumatic Aortic Stenosis With Regurgitation
Crouzon Syndrome	Crouzon Craniofacial Dysostosis Craniofacial Dysostosis Cfd1 Craniofacial Dysostosis Type 1 Crouzon Disease Crouzon'S Disease Craniofacial Dysostosis, Type I Craniofacial Dysarthrosis Craniofacial Dysostosis Syndrome CS Craniofacial Dysostosis Type I Vogt Cephalosyndactyly
Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Type Iii	Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type Iii OI3 Oi, Type Iii Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type 3 Oi Type Iii Oi Type 3 Progressive Deforming Osteogenesis Imperfecta Severe Osteogenesis Imperfecta Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Progressively Deforming, With Normal Sclerae Progressively Deforming Osteogenesis Imperfecta With Normal Sclera Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Progressively Deforming With Normal Sclerae Progressively Deforming Oi Osteogenesis Imperfecta 3 Oi-Iii Progressively Deforming Osteogenesis Imperfecta With Normal Sclerae
Cystic Fibrosis	Mucoviscidosis CF Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Susceptibility To Chronic Infection By, In Cystic Fibrosis Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Chronic Infection By, In Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease, Modifier Of Cystic Fibrosis Of Pancreas Fibrocystic Disease Of Pancreas Cf - [Cystic Fibrosis] Cystic Fibrosis Nos Fibrocystic Disease Fibrocystic Disease Of The Pancreas Mucoviscidosis Of Pancreas Nonproliferative Fibrocystic Disease Pancreatic Cystic Fibrosis
Beta-Thalassemia Major	Cooley'S Anemia Cooley Anemia Mediterranean Anemia
Premature Menopause	Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Premature Ovarian Failure Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Menopause - Premature Menopause Praecox Menopause Premature Menopause, Premature Female Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism Hypergonadotrophic Ovarian Failure Primary Female Hypogonadism Pof - [Premature Ovarian Failure] Ovarian Failure Ovarian Secretion Suppression Ovary Hyposecretion Ovary Secretion Deficiency Premature Menopause Nos
Craniosynostosis	Premature Closure Of Cranial Sutures Craniostenosis Craniosynostosis Syndrome Cso Craniosynostoses Congenital Ossification Of Cranial Sutures Congenital Ossification Of Sutures Of Skull Craniostosis Imperfect Fusion Of Skull Congenital Imperfect Closure Skull Imperfect Closure Skull Premature Closure Cranium Sutures Deficiency Of Craniofacial Axis
Connective Tissue Disease	Connective Tissue Diseases Connective Tissue Disorder Abnormality Of Connective Tissue Disorder Of Connective Tissue Connective Tissue Disorders
Breast Cancer	Breast Carcinoma Male Breast Cancer Breast Cancer, Familial Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast Breast Cancer, Susceptibility To Breast Cancer, Early-Onset Malignant Tumor Of Breast Carcinoma Of Male Breast Breast Cancer, Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer, Protection Against Breast Cancer, Somatic Breast Cancer, Male Breast Cancer, Lobular, Somatic Breast Tumor Mammary Cancer Mammary Tumor Malignant Neoplasm Of Male Breast Mammary Carcinoma Male Breast Carcinoma Familial Cancer Of Breast Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma Breast Cancer Susceptibility Breast Cancer, Male, Susceptibility To Breast Cancer, Early-Onset, Susceptibility To Malignant Tumor Of The Breast Mammary Neoplasm Primary Breast Cancer Neoplasm Of Male Breast Carcinoma Of Breast Breast Cancer In Men Familial Breast Cancer Cancer Of Breast BC Breast Cancer Familial Breast Cancer Familial Male Breast Cancer, Familial Male Breast Male Carcinoma Breast Neoplasms Breast Neoplasms, Male Mammary Tumors Mammary Carcinomas Cancer, Breast Cancer, Breast, Susceptibility Invasive Breast Ductal Carcinoma Breast Neoplasm Susceptibility To Breast Cancer Mammary Neoplasms Animal Mammary Neoplasms Primary Malignant Neoplasm Of Breast Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma Of Breast Infiltrating Duct Carcinoma Of Unspecified Site Infiltrating Ductular Carcinoma Of Unspecified Site Invasive Breast Carcinoma Of No Special Type Microinvasive Carcinoma Of Breast Carcinoma With Apocrine Differentiation

Diseases	Alias
Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia	Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Related Agents

Pre-clinical Phase

Pre-clinical Phase

Bioactive Molecules (4)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Rare Diseases
HY-P10126	Osteocalcin, bovine		/	Unkown
HY-RS01488	BGLAP Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Set	/	Unkown
HY-RS18166	Bglap Mouse Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Set	/	Unkown
HY-RS24640	Bglap Rat Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Set	/	Unkown

Orthologs Information

Species	Symbol	Source	ID
Rattus norvegicus	BGLAP	RGD	RGD:2206
Bos taurus	BGLAP	VGNC	VGNC:26480
Canis familiaris	BGLAP	VGNC	VGNC:38442
Others	BGLAP	NCBI