Herbal polysaccharide incorporated injectable hydrogel for irregular hemorrhage control and tissue regeneration

  • Int J Biol Macromol. 2026 May:361:152001. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.152001.
Yamin Qiao  1 ,  Xi Liu  2 ,  Xinying Huang  3 ,  Huan Lu  4 ,  Shengjuan Chen  5 ,  Dandan He  5 ,  Ruidan Zhang  5 ,  Hongli Lu  5 ,  Sijia Ge  6 ,  Ning Yang  7
Affiliations
  • 1. College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • 2. College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
  • 3. Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China; The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
  • 4. College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China.
  • 5. The First Clinical Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
  • 6. Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • 7. College of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563099, China; Institute of Life Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 41999810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.152001
Abstract

Irregular and complex wounds remain a major clinical challenge due to the difficulty of achieving simultaneous hemostasis, Antibacterial protection, and tissue regeneration on non-planar surfaces. Herein, we present an injectable hydrogel (CAC@BSP-H) that integrates Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) with a carboxylated cellulose nanofiber-acrylamide-carbon nanotube (CAC) matrix. The CAC framework provides mechanical robustness and flexibility through synergistic hydrogen and electrostatic interactions, while carbon nanotubes enhance adhesion, viscoelasticity, and near-infrared (NIR) photothermal responsiveness. BSP retains its intrinsic hemostatic and regenerative bioactivities without compromising structural stability. In vitro, it promoted cell migration and angiogenesis, with a 3.56-fold increase in tube formation (P < 0.001). Notably, CAC@BSP-H achieved an adhesion strength of 131.41 kPa on porcine skin, far exceeding that of commercial medical adhesives. In vivo, CAC@BSP-H greatly diminished blood loss and accelerated hemostasis in hepatic hemorrhage models, with 95.40% less blood loss and 96.60% shorter hemostasis time compared to the control group. NIR-triggered treatment achieved an 80.34% Antibacterial rate and 98.26% wound closure. This multifunctional, NIR-responsive hydrogel provides a robust and adaptive platform for efficient management of complex and irregular wounds.

Keywords
Bletilla striata polysaccharide; Hemostasis; Injectable hydrogel; Irregular complex wound; Photothermal therapy.
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