Smart glypican-3-targeting peptide-chlorin e6 conjugates for targeted photodynamic therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma

  • Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Jan 15:264:116047. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116047.
Yuxin Fang  1 Haoqian Ma  1 Xianghua Zhang  2 Peifeng Zhang  3 Yu Li  1 Shipeng He  4 Chunquan Sheng  5 Guoqiang Dong  6
Affiliations
  • 1. The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
  • 2. The Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
  • 3. The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Refining and High-quality Utilization of Biomass, School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
  • 4. Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • 5. The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • 6. The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive and lethal malignancy with poor prognosis, necessitating the urgent development of effective treatments. Targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a promising way to selectively eradicate tumor cells without affecting normal cells. Inspired by promising features of peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) in targeted Cancer therapy, herein a novel glypican-3 (GPC3)-targeting PDC-PDT strategy was developed for the precise PDT treatment of HCC. The GPC3-targeting Photosensitizer conjugates were developed by attaching GPC3-targeting peptides to chlorin e6. Conjugate 8b demonstrated the ability to penetrate HCC cells via GPC3-mediated entry process, exhibiting remarkable tumor-targeting capacity, superior antitumor efficacy, and minimal toxicity towards normal cells. Notably, conjugate 8b achieved complete tumor elimination upon light illumination in a HepG2 xenograft model without harm to normal tissues. Overall, this innovative GPC3-targeting conjugation strategy demonstrates considerable promise for clinical applications for the treatment of HCC.

Keywords
Cancer treatment; Chlorin e6; Glypican-3; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Peptide-drug conjugates; Targeted photodynamic therapy.