CLDN5
CLDN5 (claudin-5) encodes a major tight junction protein that is highly enriched in brain endothelial cells and functions as a critical determinant of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity by restricting paracellular permeability.[1][2] Mechanistically, CLDN5 forms endothelial tight junction complexes that regulate size-selective molecular transport, and genetic deletion of Cldn5 increases BBB permeability to molecules smaller than approximately 800 Da while preserving overall vascular morphology.[3][4] Therefore, CLDN5 is considered a central regulator of BBB homeostasis and selective barrier function in the central nervous system.[1][3] In disease models, reduced CLDN5 expression is associated with BBB disruption and has been linked to neurological, neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and schizophrenia.[2][5] Mechanistically, ischemia-reperfusion injury decreases claudin-5 expression and redistributes tight junction components in parallel with BBB leakage, supporting a role for CLDN5 in vascular barrier dysfunction during neurological injury.[6] Compared with related claudin isoforms, CLDN5 is the dominant tightening claudin at the BBB, whereas CLDN1 and CLDN3 are expressed at substantially lower levels and CLDN12 alone does not reproduce the restrictive barrier properties mediated by CLDN5.[4][7] For experimental applications, transient modulation of CLDN5 has attracted interest as a strategy to enhance brain drug delivery, while restoration of CLDN5 expression is being investigated to improve BBB integrity in CNS disorders.[1][2]
References:
- [1]. Hashimoto Y, et al. Claudin-5: A Pharmacological Target to Modify the Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Biol Pharm Bull. 2021;44(10):1380-1390. [Content Brief]
- [2]. Greene C, et al. Claudin-5: gatekeeper of neurological function. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2019 Jan 29;16(1):3. [Content Brief]
- [3]. Nitta T, et al. Size-selective loosening of the blood-brain barrier in claudin-5-deficient mice. J Cell Biol. 2003 May 12;161(3):653-60. [Content Brief]
- [4]. Khalili M, et al. Underserved Does Not Mean Undeserved: Unfurling the HCV Care in the Safety Net. Dig Dis Sci. 2018 Dec;63(12):3250-3252. [Content Brief]
- [5]. Hashimoto Y, et al. The CLDN5 gene at the blood-brain barrier in health and disease. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2023 Mar 28;20(1):22. [Content Brief]
- [6]. Jiao H, et al. Specific role of tight junction proteins claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1 of the blood-brain barrier in a focal cerebral ischemic insult. J Mol Neurosci. 2011 Jun;44(2):130-9. [Content Brief]
- [7]. Luissint AC, et al. Tight junctions at the blood brain barrier: physiological architecture and disease-associated dysregulation. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2012 Nov 9;9(1):23. [Content Brief]
All Product Categories
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CLDN5 Related Products (7)
Related Products (7)
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Alvelestat
0 ImagesSynonyms: AZD9668Alvelestat (AZD9668) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. Alvelestat reduces elastase activity, myeloperoxidase release, neutrophil recruitment and activation, and calcium phosphate precipitation; promotes smooth muscle cell colonization and collagen deposition; and inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as well as NET-derived neutrophil elastase activity. Alvelestat restores endothelial dysfunction, regulates antioxidant factors, improves the expression of endothelial tight junctions, reduces vascular leakage, and accelerates wound healing. Alvelestat prevents pulmonary hemorrhage, matrix protein degradation, airspace enlargement, and small airway wall remodeling; and alleviates cigarette-induced inflammatory responses. Alvelestat inhibits the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms exacerbated by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Alvelestat can be used in research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, radiation-induced skin injury, and bronchiectasis.
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4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol
0 ImagesSynonyms: P-Methoxy-benzyl alcoho; (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol (P-Methoxy-benzyl alcoho; (4-Methoxyphenyl) methanol) is a naturally derived volatile aromatic compound. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol upregulates the phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins, downregulates the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, increases the content of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5, and alleviates structural damage to the blood-brain barrier. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol improves the decrease in viability and NO level of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion, and reduces the release of lactate dehydrogenase. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol serves as a substrate in the two-phase persulfate-mediated electro-oxidation system, where it is directionally oxidized to p-anisaldehyde. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol acts as a substrate for wild-type fungal aryl alcohol oxidase. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol can be used in studies related to ischemic stroke, as well as in research across various fields such as chemical synthesis, including the synthesis of fragrances and flavorings.
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Alvelestat tosylate
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-15651ACAS No.: 1240425-05-1Synonyms: AZD9668 tosylateAlvelestat tosylate (AZD9668 tosylate) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. Alvelestat tosylate reduces elastase activity, myeloperoxidase release, neutrophil recruitment and activation, and calcium phosphate precipitation; promotes smooth muscle cell colonization and collagen deposition; and inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as well as NET-derived neutrophil elastase activity. Alvelestat tosylate restores endothelial dysfunction, regulates antioxidant factors, improves the expression of endothelial tight junctions, reduces vascular leakage, and accelerates wound healing. Alvelestat tosylate prevents pulmonary hemorrhage, matrix protein degradation, airspace enlargement, and small airway wall remodeling; and alleviates cigarette-induced inflammatory responses. Alvelestat tosylate inhibits the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms exacerbated by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Alvelestat tosylate can be used in research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, radiation-induced skin injury, and bronchiectasis.
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Alvelestat (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: AZD9668 (Standard)Alvelestat (Standard) (AZD9668 (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Alvelestat (HY-15651). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Alvelestat (AZD9668) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. Alvelestat reduces elastase activity, myeloperoxidase release, neutrophil recruitment and activation, and calcium phosphate precipitation; promotes smooth muscle cell colonization and collagen deposition; and inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as well as NET-derived neutrophil elastase activity. Alvelestat restores endothelial dysfunction, regulates antioxidant factors, improves the expression of endothelial tight junctions, reduces vascular leakage, and accelerates wound healing. Alvelestat prevents pulmonary hemorrhage, matrix protein degradation, airspace enlargement, and small airway wall remodeling; and alleviates cigarette-induced inflammatory responses. Alvelestat inhibits the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms exacerbated by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Alvelestat can be used in research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, radiation-induced skin injury, and bronchiectasis.
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Alvelestat-13C,d3
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-15651SSynonyms: AZD9668-13C,d3Alvelestat-13C,d3 (AZD9668-13C,d3) is the deuterated, 13C-labeled Alvelestat (HY-15651). Alvelestat (AZD9668) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. Alvelestat reduces elastase activity, myeloperoxidase release, neutrophil recruitment and activation, and calcium phosphate precipitation; promotes smooth muscle cell colonization and collagen deposition; and inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as well as NET-derived neutrophil elastase activity. Alvelestat restores endothelial dysfunction, regulates antioxidant factors, improves the expression of endothelial tight junctions, reduces vascular leakage, and accelerates wound healing. Alvelestat prevents pulmonary hemorrhage, matrix protein degradation, airspace enlargement, and small airway wall remodeling; and alleviates cigarette-induced inflammatory responses. Alvelestat inhibits the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms exacerbated by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Alvelestat can be used in research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, radiation-induced skin injury, and bronchiectasis.
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Alvelestat hydrochloride
0 ImagesCat. No.: HY-15651BCAS No.: 1240425-11-9Synonyms: AZD9668 hydrochlorideAlvelestat hydrochloride (AZD9668 hydrochloride) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. Alvelestat hydrochloride reduces elastase activity, myeloperoxidase release, neutrophil recruitment and activation, and calcium phosphate precipitation; promotes smooth muscle cell colonization and collagen deposition; and inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as well as NET-derived neutrophil elastase activity. Alvelestat hydrochloride restores endothelial dysfunction, regulates antioxidant factors, improves the expression of endothelial tight junctions, reduces vascular leakage, and accelerates wound healing. Alvelestat hydrochloride prevents pulmonary hemorrhage, matrix protein degradation, airspace enlargement, and small airway wall remodeling; and alleviates cigarette-induced inflammatory responses. Alvelestat hydrochloride inhibits the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms exacerbated by Porphyromonas gingivalis. Alvelestat hydrochloride can be used in research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, radiation-induced skin injury, and bronchiectasis.
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4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol (Standard)
0 ImagesSynonyms: P-Methoxy-benzyl alcoho (Standard); (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (Standard)4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol (Standard) (P-Methoxy-benzyl alcoho (Standard); (4-Methoxyphenyl)methanol (Standard)) is the analytical standard of 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol (HY-W015777). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol (P-Methoxy-benzyl alcoho; (4-Methoxyphenyl) methanol) is a naturally derived volatile aromatic compound. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol upregulates the phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins, downregulates the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, increases the content of tight junction proteins occludin and claudin-5, and alleviates structural damage to the blood-brain barrier. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol improves the decrease in viability and NO level of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion, and reduces the release of lactate dehydrogenase. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol serves as a substrate in the two-phase persulfate-mediated electro-oxidation system, where it is directionally oxidized to p-anisaldehyde. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol acts as a substrate for wild-type fungal aryl alcohol oxidase. 4-Methoxybenzyl alcohol can be used in studies related to ischemic stroke, as well as in research across various fields such as chemical synthesis, including the synthesis of fragrances and flavorings.
