CXCL15

CXCL15, also known as Lungkine or WECHE, is a member of the ELR motif-containing CXC chemokines. CXCL15 has neutrophil chemotactic activity. CXCL15 is high expression in the lungs of mice. CXCL15 has activities associated with immunology and host defense systems^[1][2].
Murine CXCL15 is first described as a protein secreted into the airway spaces, which induced neutrophil migration. Its protein structure contrasts with other CXC chemokines because it contains an extended C-terminal domain of ∼65 aa. It also has the novel function of regulating hematopoietic differentiation into erythroid cells and acting as a chemoattractant for bone marrow progenitor cells. CXCL15 is part of the ELR+ CXC chemokine family, whose members contain a non-conserved amino acid between the first two cysteines (CXC), as well as a conserved ELR motif (glutamic acid-leucinearginine) immediately preceding the CXC sequence. CXCL15 is closer to CXCL8 than other ELR+ CXCLs, indicating similar biological functions between CXCL8 and CXCL15. CXCL15 is mainly expressed in mucosae by epithelial cells. The expression can be induced in the epithelial cells by inflammatory conditions such as antigen and LPS stimulation and infection^[1][2][3].

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