D-glucose releases 5-hydroxytryptamine from human BON cells as a model of enterochromaffin cells

  • Gastroenterology. 2001 Dec;121(6):1400-6. doi: 10.1053/gast.2001.29567.
M Kim  1 ,  H J Cooke ,  N H Javed ,  H V Carey ,  F Christofi ,  H E Raybould
Affiliations
  • 1. Department of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, 333 West 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
PMID: 11729119 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2001.29567
Abstract

Background & aims: 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is released from enterochromaffin cells and activates neural reflex programs regulating motility and secretion. Although sugars are reported to release 5-HT in vivo, it is unclear whether they act directly on enterochromaffin cells or indirectly through an intermediary messenger. The aim was to determine if D-glucose is a stimulus for 5-HT release.

Methods: Human BON cells, derived from enterochromaffin cells, were treated with D-glucose, galactose, and the nonmetabolizable methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, or with fructose.

Results: Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction together with Western blot analysis revealed an SGLT-like protein. D-glucose caused a concentration-dependent increase in 5-HT release, which was mimicked by methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside and galactose but not fructose. D-glucose-stimulated 5-HT release was significantly reduced by phloridzin. Concentrations of mannitol below 75 mmol/L were ineffective in releasing 5-HT. Brefeldin A abolished forskolin-stimulated 5-HT release without affecting basal or constitutive release.

Conclusions: The results show that high concentrations of metabolizable and nonmetabolizable hexoses activate signal transduction pathways, leading to release of 5-HT. These findings imply a role for enterochromaffin cells as "glucose sensors" during ingestion of a meal.

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