Spirooxindole-pyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids promotes apoptosis through activation of caspase-3
- Bioorg Med Chem. 2019 Jun 15;27(12):2487-2498. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.011.
- 1. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: [email protected].
- 2. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- 3. Surfactants Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- 4. Department of Microbiology, East West Group of Institution, No. 63, Anjananagar, Vishwaneedam Post, Bengaluru 560091, Karnataka, India.
- 5. Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
A small library of spirooxindole-pyrrolidine hybrids have been synthesized for the first time in an ionic liquid, [bmim]Br in good to excellent yields employing a new class of non-stabilized azomethine ylides derived from isatin and tyrosine, a combination that has been rarely employed for the in situ generation of azomethine ylides using [3+2] cycloaddition strategy. Following the synthesis and characterization of the spirooxindole-pyrrolidine heterocyclic hybrids, they were tested for their Anticancer activity as against the changes in the concentrations and time periods with different in vitro cell cultures containing Cancer and non-cancer cells, where the results revealed for a potential therapeutic activity. Further analysis for the mechanism of cell death by the Cancer cells indicated for the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway, specifically mediated by Caspase-3. Based on these results, it can be demonstrated that the synthesized spirooxindole-pyrrolidine hybrids may serve as one of the better therapeutic agents used for the treatment of malignant tumors.