Gliadin p31-43 TFA
Gliadin p31-43 TFA is an undigested gliadin peptide. Gliadin p31-43 TFA induces an innate immune response in the intestine and interferes with endocytic trafficking. Gliadin p31-43 TFA can be used for celiac disease research.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Formula: C73H103F3N18O22
- Molecular Weight:1641.70
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Biological Activity
Gliadin p31-43 (100?μg/mL; 30 minutes-6 hours) treatment induces the MyD88/TLR7 complexes, and activates downstream signalling by activating MAPKs, ERK, JNK and p38). Gliadin p31-43 increases the levels of the phosphorylated forms of pY-ERK, JNK (pY-JNK) and p38 (pY-p38)[1].
Gliadin p31-43 treatment increases NF-κB phosphorylation in CaCo-2 cells from 0.45?in control cells to 0.86. Gliadin p31-43 treatment induces a significant increase in levels of the MxA protein. The levels of the IFN-α 7 and 17 mRNAs are also analysed after Gliadin p31-43 treatment[1].
In CaCo-2 cells, Gliadin p31-43 localizes to the early endosomes and delays vesicular trafficking. Gliadin p31-43 interferes with the correct localization of the growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) to early endosomes, delaying the maturation of the endocytic vesicles[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:CaCo-2 cells
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Concentration:100 μg/mL
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Incubation Time:30 minutes, 3 hours, 6 hours
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Result:Showed the increase in formation of the MyD88/TLR7 complex, and increased in the level of TLR7.
The increment of IL-1β indicates the activation of the inflammasome caspase-1 pathway in the small intestine mucosa by oral administration of Gliadin p31-43 (20 μg) in wild type C57Bl/6 mice. Gliadin p31-43 has an intrinsic propensity to form oligomers which trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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Molecular Weight 1641.70
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Formula C73H103F3N18O22
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Sequence Shortening
LGQQQPFPPQQPY
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Solvent & Solubility
H2O
Peptide Solubility and Storage Guidelines:
1. Calculate the length of the peptide.
2. Calculate the overall charge of the entire peptide according to the following table:
| Contents | Assign value | |
|---|---|---|
| Acidic amino acid | Asp (D), Glu (E), and the C-terminal -COOH. | -1 |
| Basic amino acid | Arg (R), Lys (K), His (H), and the N-terminal -NH2 | +1 |
| Neutral amino acid | Gly (G), Ala (A), Leu (L), Ile (I), Val (V), Cys (C), Met (M), Thr (T), Ser (S), Phe (F), Tyr (Y), Trp (W), Pro (P), Asn (N), Gln (Q) | 0 |
3. Recommended solution:
| Overall charge of peptide | Details |
|---|---|
| Negative (<0) |
1. Try to dissolve the peptide in water first. 2. If water fails, add NH4OH (<50 μL). 3. If the peptide still does not dissolve, add DMSO (50-100 μL) to solubilize the peptide. |
| Positive (>0) |
1. Try to dissolve the peptide in water first. 2. If water fails, try dissolving the peptide in a 10%-30% acetic acid solution. 3. If the peptide still does not dissolve, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO. |
| Zero (=0) |
1. Try to dissolve the peptide in organic solvent (acetonitrile, methanol, etc.) first. 2. For very hydrophobic peptides, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO, and then dilute the solution with water to the desired concentration. |
Purity & Documentation
References
[1]. Merlin Nanayakkara, et al. P31-43, an undigested gliadin peptide, mimics and enhances the innate immune response to viruses and interferes with endocytic trafficking: a role in celiac disease. Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 17;8(1):10821. [Content Brief]
[2]. María Florencia Gómez Castro, et al. p31-43 Gliadin Peptide Forms Oligomers and Induces NLRP3 Inflammasome/Caspase 1- Dependent Mucosal Damage in Small Intestine. Front Immunol. 2019 Jan 30;10:31. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)