Gliadin p31-43 TFA

Cat. No.: HY-P3151A: FAQs
Data Sheet Handling Instructions

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Gliadin p31-43 TFA is an undigested gliadin peptide. Gliadin p31-43 TFA induces an innate immune response in the intestine and interferes with endocytic trafficking. Gliadin p31-43 TFA can be used for celiac disease research.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Gliadin p31-43 TFA Chemical Structure

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
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Description

In Vitro

Gliadin p31-43 (100 μg/mL; 30 minutes-6 hours) treatment induces the MyD88/TLR7 complexes, and activates downstream signalling by activating MAPKs, ERK, JNK and p38). Gliadin p31-43 increases the levels of the phosphorylated forms of pY-ERK, JNK (pY-JNK) and p38 (pY-p38)^[1].
Gliadin p31-43 treatment increases NF-κB phosphorylation in CaCo-2 cells from 0.45 in control cells to 0.86. Gliadin p31-43 treatment induces a significant increase in levels of the MxA protein. The levels of the IFN-α 7 and 17 mRNAs are also analysed after Gliadin p31-43 treatment^[1].
In CaCo-2 cells, Gliadin p31-43 localizes to the early endosomes and delays vesicular trafficking. Gliadin p31-43 interferes with the correct localization of the growth factor regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS) to early endosomes, delaying the maturation of the endocytic vesicles^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:	CaCo-2 cells
Concentration:	100 μg/mL
Incubation Time:	30 minutes, 3 hours, 6 hours
Result:	Showed the increase in formation of the MyD88/TLR7 complex, and increased in the level of TLR7.

In Vivo

Gliadin p31-43 (10 μg; intraluminally injection) shows a sequence-specific spontaneous ability to form structured oligomers and aggregates in vitro and induced activation of the apoptosis-associated speck-like (ASC) complex^[2].
The increment of IL-1β indicates the activation of the inflammasome caspase-1 pathway in the small intestine mucosa by oral administration of Gliadin p31-43 (20 μg) in wild type C57Bl/6 mice. Gliadin p31-43 has an intrinsic propensity to form oligomers which trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Molecular Weight

1641.70

Formula

C₇₃H₁₀₃F₃N₁₈O₂₂

Sequence Shortening

LGQQQPFPPQQPY

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O

Peptide Solubility and Storage Guidelines:

1. Calculate the length of the peptide.

2. Calculate the overall charge of the entire peptide according to the following table:

	Contents	Assign value
Acidic amino acid	Asp (D), Glu (E), and the C-terminal -COOH.	-1
Basic amino acid	Arg (R), Lys (K), His (H), and the N-terminal -NH₂	+1
Neutral amino acid	Gly (G), Ala (A), Leu (L), Ile (I), Val (V), Cys (C), Met (M), Thr (T), Ser (S), Phe (F), Tyr (Y), Trp (W), Pro (P), Asn (N), Gln (Q)	0

3. Recommended solution:

Overall charge of peptide	Details
Negative (<0)	1. Try to dissolve the peptide in water first. 2. If water fails, add NH₄OH (<50 μL). 3. If the peptide still does not dissolve, add DMSO (50-100 μL) to solubilize the peptide.
Positive (>0)	1. Try to dissolve the peptide in water first. 2. If water fails, try dissolving the peptide in a 10%-30% acetic acid solution. 3. If the peptide still does not dissolve, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO.
Zero (=0)	1. Try to dissolve the peptide in organic solvent (acetonitrile, methanol, etc.) first. 2. For very hydrophobic peptides, try dissolving the peptide in a small amount of DMSO, and then dilute the solution with water to the desired concentration.

Purity & Documentation

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Merlin Nanayakkara, et al. P31-43, an undigested gliadin peptide, mimics and enhances the innate immune response to viruses and interferes with endocytic trafficking: a role in celiac disease. Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 17;8(1):10821. [Content Brief]

[2]. María Florencia Gómez Castro, et al. p31-43 Gliadin Peptide Forms Oligomers and Induces NLRP3 Inflammasome/Caspase 1- Dependent Mucosal Damage in Small Intestine. Front Immunol. 2019 Jan 30;10:31. [Content Brief]

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

The molarity calculator equation

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

The dilution calculator equation

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Gliadin p31-43OthersMxAMyD88TLR7IFN-αNF-κBendocyticceliacdiseaseimmuneInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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Gliadin p31-43 TFA

Other Forms of Gliadin p31-43 TFA: