Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel FK228 analogues as potential isoform selective HDAC inhibitors
- Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Oct 4:121:592-609. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.031.
- 1. Laboratory of Synthetic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.
- 2. Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-10-6 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
- 3. Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-10-6 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan; Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), 3-3-2 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0013, Japan.
- 4. Chemical Genetics Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
- 5. Laboratory of Synthetic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan. Electronic address: [email protected].
Novel C4- and C7-modified FK228 analogues were efficiently synthesized in a highly convergent and unified manner. This synthesis features the amide condensation of glycine-d-cysteine-containing segments with d-valine-containing segments for the direct assembly of the corresponding seco-acids, which are key precursors of macrolactones. The HDAC inhibition assay and cell-growth inhibition analysis of the synthesized analogues revealed novel aspects of their structure-activity relationship. This study demonstrated that simple modification at the C4 and C7 side chains in FK228 is effective for improving both HDAC inhibitory activity and isoform selectivity; moreover, potent and highly isoform-selective class I HDAC1 inhibitors were identified.