Incorporation of a chiral gem-disubstituted nitrogen heterocycle yields an oxazolidinone antibiotic with reduced mitochondrial toxicity

  • Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2019 Sep 15;29(18):2686-2689. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.07.024.
Alexander W Sun  1 Philip L Bulterys  2 Michael D Bartberger  1 Peter A Jorth  3 Brendan M O'Boyle  1 Scott C Virgil  1 Jeff F Miller  2 Brian M Stoltz  4
Affiliations
  • 1. The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.
  • 2. Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
  • 3. Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.
  • 4. The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States. Electronic address: [email protected].
Abstract

gem-Disubstituted N-heterocycles are rarely found in drugs, despite their potential to improve the drug-like properties of small molecule pharmaceuticals. Linezolid, a morpholine heterocycle-containing Oxazolidinone antibiotic, exhibits significant side effects associated with human mitochondrial protein synthesis inhibition. We synthesized a gem-disubstituted linezolid analogue that when compared to linezolid, maintains comparable (albeit slightly diminished) activity against bacteria, comparable in vitro physicochemical properties, and a decrease in undesired mitochondrial protein synthesis (MPS) inhibition. This research contributes to the structure-activity-relationship data surrounding Oxazolidinone MPS inhibition, and may inspire investigations into the utility of gem-disubstituted N-heterocycles in medicinal chemistry.

Keywords
Allylic alkylation; Antibiotic; Heterocycle; Linezolid; Mitochondria.