Anti-Inflammatory Azaphilones from the Edible Alga-Derived Fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum

  • Mar Drugs. 2021 Sep 22;19(10):529. doi: 10.3390/md19100529.
Hui-Chun Wang  1  2  3 ,  Tzu-Yi Ke  1 ,  Ya-Chen Ko  1 ,  Jue-Jun Lin  2 ,  Jui-Sheng Chang  4 ,  Yuan-Bin Cheng  2  5  6
Affiliations
  • 1. Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.
  • 2. Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804351, Taiwan.
  • 3. Department of Medical Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.
  • 4. Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City 202301, Taiwan.
  • 5. Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan.
  • 6. Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804351, Taiwan.
PMID: 34677428 DOI: 10.3390/md19100529
Abstract

To discover the new medical entity from edible Marine algae, our continuously natural product investigation focused on endophytes from marine macroalgae Grateloupia sp. Two new azaphilones, 8a-epi-hypocrellone A (1), 8a-epi-eupenicilazaphilone C (2), together with five known azaphilones, hypocrellone A (3), eupenicilazaphilone C (4), ((1E,3E)-3,5-dimethylhepta-1,3-dien-1-yl)-2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylbenzaldehyde (5), sclerotiorin (6), and isochromophilone IV (7) were isolated from the alga-derived fungus Penicillium sclerotiorum. The structures of isolated azaphilones (1-7) were elucidated by spectrometric identification, especially HRESIMS, CD, and NMR data analyses. Concerning bioactivity, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrosis activities of those isolates were evaluated. As a result, compound 1 showed selective toxicity toward neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y among seven Cancer and one fibroblast cell lines. 20 μM of compounds 1, 3, and 7 inhibited the TNF-α-induced NFκB phosphorylation but did not change the NFκB activity. Compounds 2 and 6 respectively promoted and inhibited SMAD-mediated transcriptional activities stimulated by TGF-β.

Keywords
Penicillium sclerotiorum; anti-inflammatory; azaphilone.
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