Possible Role of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) Receptor on Human Sperm Motility Regulation

The purpose of this study is to examine whether 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, also known as serotonin) regulates human sperm motility, focusing on 5-HT receptors. Immunofluorescent staining revealed the existence of seven types of 5-HT receptors with a heterogeneous pattern of reactive sites. In detail, 5-HT_1B, 5-HT₆, and 5-HT₇ were detected in the post-acrosomal and mid-piece regions. The 5-HT_2A and 5-HT_5A receptors were mainly localized in the equatorial segment. 5-HT_3A and 5-HT₄ receptors were present in the neck and post-acrosomal regions. When examining the effects of 5-HT Receptor antagonists on sperm motility, only the 5-HT_2A receptor antagonist significantly reduced sperm motility. This suggests that the 5-HT_2A receptor may have a regulatory function in sperm motility. Eventually, progressive motility should be attenuated to penetrate the oocyte for fertilization. The current study indicated heterogenous expression patterns and plausible functions of 5-HT receptors in human sperm.