Nephroprotective role of resveratrol in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: a preclinical study in Sprague-Dawley rats

  • BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2024 Oct 28;25(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s40360-024-00809-8.
Elaf R Alaasam  1 ,  Ali M Janabi  2 ,  Karrar M Al-Buthabhak  3 ,  Rihab H Almudhafar  4 ,  Najah R Hadi  5 ,  Athanasios Alexiou  6  7 ,  Marios Papadakis  8 ,  Mohammed E Abo-El Fetoh  9 ,  Dalia Fouad  10 ,  Gaber El-Saber Batiha  11
Affiliations
  • 1. Alsadar Medical City, Directorate of Najaf Health, Najaf, Iraq.
  • 2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
  • 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
  • 4. Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
  • 5. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
  • 6. Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, 11741, Greece, Attiki.
  • 7. University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India.
  • 8. Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany. [email protected].
  • 9. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt. [email protected].
  • 10. Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia.
  • 11. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, 22511, Egypt. [email protected].
PMID: 39468702 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-024-00809-8
Abstract

Background: Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a significant contributor to renal dysfunction, acute kidney injury (AKI), and associated morbidity and mortality. Resveratrol, a polyphenol and phytoalexin, is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. This study investigates the nephroprotective potential of resveratrol in a rat model of renal IRI.

Materials and methods: Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham, IRI, DMSO, and Resveratrol. The Sham group underwent identical procedures without renal pedicle clamping, while the IRI group experienced 30 min of ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. The DMSO group received dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia, and the Resveratrol group received 30 mg/kg resveratrol intraperitoneally 30 min before ischemia. Biochemical parameters (Urea, creatinine, IL-1β, NF-κβ, SOD, GSH, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3) and histopathological changes were assessed.

Results: IRI caused a substantial increase in serum creatinine, Urea, IL-1β, NF-κβ, and Caspase-3 levels, while simultaneously decreasing SOD, GSH, and Bcl-2 levels. Resveratrol treatment mitigated these effects by lowering inflammatory and apoptotic markers, enhancing antioxidant defenses, and improving histological outcomes.

Conclusion: Resveratrol demonstrates significant nephroprotective effects in renal IRI, primarily through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.

Keywords
Apoptosis; Inflammation; Nephroprotection; Oxidative Stress; Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury; Resveratrol.
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