The potent anti-proliferative effect of 20-epi analogues of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 in human breast-cancer MCF-7 cells is related to promoter selectivity

The hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD) has a potential use as an anti-tumor agent, but its clinical applications are restricted by its strong calcemic activity. This has led to the development of VD analogues with selectively increased growth-inhibitory activity. One of the most potent analogues is KH1060, which is a 20-epi-22-oxa-derivative of VD. In human breast Cancer MCF-7 cells, we studied the growth-inhibitory activities of a set of 8 analogues that cover conservative structural changes from 20-epi-VD (MC1288) to KH1060. In the same cellular system, we analyzed the potential of these 8 analogues to stimulate reporter gene activity driven by a recently discovered novel-type VD response element. We found that this VD response element is more appropriate than classical VD response elements to correlate anti-proliferative effects of VD analogues with their gene-regulatory properties.