2. Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  3. Thyroid Hormone Receptor
  4. L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate

L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate  (Synonyms: Sodium levothyroxine)

Cat. No.: HY-W010669 Purity: 99.49%
COA
SDS
Handling Instructions Technical Support

L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone in the treatment of hypothyroidism. DIO enzymes convert biologically active hormone (Triiodothyronine,T3) from L-Thyroxine (T4).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 25416-65-3

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Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate:

L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: EMBO J. 2024 Aug;43(15):3090-3115.  [Abstract]

    Timeline and three different Thyroxine hormone (T4) treatment schemes. RT-qPCR analysis of the whole-animal myofiber loss for each of the schemes.

    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 4;12(1):11259.  [Abstract]

    Growth curve of male wild type (WT), Slc26a7+/−, Slc26a7−/−, and Slc26a7-/− mice receiving L-Thyroxine (drinking water containing 0.39 mg/L L-Thyroxine) replacement from day 21 with a low iodine diet. Note that Slc26a7−/− mice without thyroid hormone replacement did not survive.

    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Brain. 2021 Jan 27;14(1):25.  [Abstract]

    Effects of L-Thyroxine on histopathology post-TBI. a Brain sections stained with cresyl violet were shown on the left. Lesion volume was calculated from the sections.

    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Brain. 2021 Jan 27;14(1):25.  [Abstract]

    Brain water content of traumatized hemisphere increased 1 day post-TBI, whereas L-Thyroxine alleviates edema.

    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Brain. 2021 Jan 27;14(1):25.  [Abstract]

    BBB integrity was reflected by detecting the extravasation of EB dye (n = 3 per group).

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic hormone in the treatment of hypothyroidism. DIO enzymes convert biologically active hormone (Triiodothyronine,T3) from L-Thyroxine (T4).

    In Vivo

    Deiodinases (DIOs), which catalyse the conversion of thyroxine (pro-hormone) to the active thyroid hormone, are associated with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. DIO1 and DIO2 catalyze activation of thyroid hormone secretion in contrast to DIO3 playing role inactivation of the secretion. Activities of DIO1 and DIO2 play pivotal role in the negative feedback regulation of pituitary TSH secretion[1]. L-Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) hormones are known to modulate the expression of ionic channels, pumps and regulatory contractile proteins. Moreover, thyroid hormones have been shown to influence calcium homeostasis and flux responsible for excitation and contractility, with L-Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine modulating its pharmacological control and secretion. In rats fed 12 weeks with the iodine-free diet, a significant decrease in the levels of both Triiodothyronine and L-Thyroxine is observed when compared to the control group fed with standard diet (p<0.001). In the group treated with low doses of L-Thyroxine, an increase in L-Thyroxine levels is observed (p=0.02) while Triiodothyronine levels remain virtually similar to the control group (p=0.19). Rats treated with high doses of L-Thyroxine display a significant increase in both Triiodothyronine and L-Thyroxine circulating concentrations compared to the non-treated hypothyroid group (p<0.001 and p=0.004, respectively) and a significant increase in L-Thyroxine levels when compared to the control values (p=0.03)[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    816.87

    Formula

    C15H12I4NNaO5
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Off-white to light yellow

    SMILES

    IC1=C(O)C(I)=CC(OC2=C(I)C=C(C[C@@](N)([H])C(O[Na])=O)C=C2I)=C1.O
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 50 mg/mL (61.21 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    0.01 M NaOH : 2 mg/mL (2.45 mM; ultrasonic and warming and adjust pH to 12 with NaOH and heat to 60°C)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.2242 mL 6.1209 mL 12.2418 mL
    5 mM 0.2448 mL 1.2242 mL 2.4484 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 5 mg/mL (6.12 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (50.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.49%

    SDS (394 KB)

    COA (247 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Animal Administration
    [2]

    Rats[2]
    Sprague-Dawley female rats (N=22) are used. Non-pregnant rats are divided into four groups: 1) control, 2) hypothyroidism, 3) hypothyroidism treated with low doses of L-Thyroxine (20 μg/kg/day) and 4) with high doses of L-Thyroxine (100 μg/kg/day). Control rats (group 1) are fed with standard diet, while the intervention rats are fed with iodine-free diet for 12 weeks to induce hypothyroidism (groups 2-4) which is continued for four more weeks to allow screening of hypothyroid status and L-Thyroxine-treatment. Food and water (iodine-free diet) are available ad libitum. The hypothyroid group treated with low (group 3) or high doses of L-Thyroxine (group 4) are injected intraperitoneally every 24 h with respectively 20 μg/kg/day and 100 μg/kg/day. Blood samples are collected for thyroid function screening at week 12 and 16 following the initiation of either the control or iodine-free diet. Hysterectomy is performed under general anesthesia (isoflurane 2%) at the end of the treatment and the two uterine horns are placed in physiological Krebs' solution until isometric tension measurements within no more than 1 h.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    0.01 M NaOH / DMSO 1 mM 1.2242 mL 6.1209 mL 12.2419 mL 30.6046 mL
    DMSO 5 mM 0.2448 mL 1.2242 mL 2.4484 mL 6.1209 mL
    10 mM 0.1224 mL 0.6121 mL 1.2242 mL 3.0605 mL
    15 mM 0.0816 mL 0.4081 mL 0.8161 mL 2.0403 mL
    20 mM 0.0612 mL 0.3060 mL 0.6121 mL 1.5302 mL
    25 mM 0.0490 mL 0.2448 mL 0.4897 mL 1.2242 mL
    30 mM 0.0408 mL 0.2040 mL 0.4081 mL 1.0202 mL
    40 mM 0.0306 mL 0.1530 mL 0.3060 mL 0.7651 mL
    50 mM 0.0245 mL 0.1224 mL 0.2448 mL 0.6121 mL
    60 mM 0.0204 mL 0.1020 mL 0.2040 mL 0.5101 mL
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    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate Related Classifications

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      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    L-Thyroxine sodium xhydrate25416-65-3Sodium levothyroxineThyroid Hormone ReceptorTHRInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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