ATXN2 - ataxin 2 Gene
Also Known as ATX2; SCA2; TNRC13
Species: Homo sapiens
About ATXN2
This gene has 43 transcripts (splice variants), 216 orthologues, 1 paralogue and is associated with 4 phenotypes. Ubiquitous expression in testis (RPKM 11.3), brain (RPKM 9.4) and 25 other tissues.
Summary
This gene belongs to a group of genes that is associated with microsatellite-expansion diseases, a class of neurological and neuromuscular disorders caused by expansion of short stretches of repetitive DNA. The protein encoded by this gene has two globular domains near the N-terminus, one of which contains a clathrin-mediated trans-Golgi signal and an endoplasmic reticulum exit signal. The encoded cytoplasmic protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane, is involved in endocytosis, and modulates mTOR signals, modifying ribosomal translation and mitochondrial function. The N-terminal region of the protein contains a polyglutamine tract of 14-31 residues that can be expanded in the pathogenic state to 32-200 residues. Intermediate length expansions of this tract increase susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, while long expansions of this tract result in spinocerebellar ataxia-2, an autosomal-dominantly inherited, neurodegenerative disorder. Genome-wide association studies indicate that loss-of-function mutations in this gene may be associated with susceptibility to type I diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2016]
ATXN2 Products (4)
| mRNA | Protein | Name |
|---|---|---|
| NM_001310121.1 | NP_001297050.1 | ataxin-2 isoform 2 |
| NM_001310123.1 | NP_001297052.1 | ataxin-2 isoform 3 |
| NM_001372574.1 | NP_001359503.1 | ataxin-2 isoform 4 |
| NM_002973.4 | NP_002964.4 | ataxin-2 isoform 1 |
| Molecular Function GO Annotation | Evidence | References | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding |
IPI
IPI: Inferred from physical interaction
|
18602463 | GOA |
| enables protein binding |
IPI
IPI: Inferred from physical interaction
|
10814712 | GOA |
| Biological Process GO Annotation | Evidence | References | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| involved in P-body assembly |
IMP
IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype
|
17392519 | GOA |
| involved in negative regulation of receptor internalization |
IMP
IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype
|
18602463 | GOA |
| involved in stress granule assembly |
IMP
IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype
|
17392519 | GOA |
| Cellular Component GO Annotation | Evidence | References | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| located in Golgi apparatus |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
12812977 | GOA |
| located in cytoplasm |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
10814712 | GOA |
| located in cytoplasmic stress granule |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
17392519 | GOA |
| located in perinuclear region of cytoplasm |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
17097639 | GOA |
| part of ribonucleoprotein complex |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
16835262 | GOA |
| located in trans-Golgi network |
IDA
IDA: Inferred from direct assay
|
10814712 | GOA |
ATXN2 Protein Structure
SM-ATX: Ataxin 2 SM domain (267 - 336)
LsmAD: LsmAD domain (409 - 477)
PAM2: Ataxin-2 C-terminal region (910 - 925)
- 0
- 300
- 600
- 900
- 1200
- 1313 a.a.
| Protein Preferred Names | Protein Names | |
|---|---|---|
|
ataxin-2 |
|
ATXN2 Protein-protein interaction Information
|
Type
|
Protein Name | Protein ID | Interactor | Interactor Species | Interactor ID | Detection Method | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | DDX6 | Homo sapiens | P26196 | 26184334 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL3 | Homo sapiens | Q99963 | 16115810 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL3 | Homo sapiens | Q99963 | 16713569 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL3 | Homo sapiens | Q99963 | 18602463 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL3 | Homo sapiens | Q99963 | 16115810 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL2 | Homo sapiens | Q99962 | 18602463 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL2 | Homo sapiens | Q99962 | 16713569 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL2 | Homo sapiens | Q99962 | 16115810 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | SH3GL2 | Homo sapiens | Q99962 | 16115810 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | PABPC1 | Homo sapiens | P11940 | 17392519 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | PABPC1 | Homo sapiens | P11940 | 26184334 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | PABPC1 | Homo sapiens | P11940 | 15663938 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | PABPC1 | Homo sapiens | P11940 | 15663938 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | PABPC1 | Homo sapiens | P11940 | 20181956 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | ATXN1 | Homo sapiens | P54253 | 16713569 | |
|
Intra
|
ATXN2 | Q99700 | ATXN1 | Homo sapiens | P54253 | 16713569 |
ATXN2 Antibodies
| Cat. No. | Product Name | Application | Reactivity |
|---|---|---|---|
| HY-P810923 | Ataxin 2 Antibody | WB, IHC-P, ICC/IF | Human, Mouse |
Related Diseases
| Diseases | Alias | |
|---|---|---|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 2 |
|
|
| Parkinson Disease, Late-Onset |
|
|
| Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy |
|
|
| Olivopontocerebellar Atrophy |
|
|
| Machado-Joseph Disease |
|
|
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 1 |
|
|
| Lateral Sclerosis |
|
|
| Hereditary Ataxia |
|
|
| Parkinsonism |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 12 |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 7 |
|
|
| Hereditary Late-Onset Parkinson Disease |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 17 |
|
|
| Autosomal Dominant Cerebellar Ataxia |
|
|
| Friedreich Ataxia |
|
|
| Primary Cerebellar Degeneration |
|
|
| Dementia |
|
|
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 21 |
|
|
| Cerebellar Disease |
|
|
| Frontotemporal Dementia |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 36 |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 4 |
|
|
| Essential Tremor |
|
|
| Spinal And Bulbar Muscular Atrophy, X-Linked 1 |
|
|
| Parkinson Disease 1, Autosomal Dominant |
|
|
| Restless Legs Syndrome |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 1 |
|
|
| Frontotemporal Dementia And/Or Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 1 |
|
|
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 10 With Or Without Frontotemporal Dementia |
|
|
| Progressive Muscular Atrophy |
|
|
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Type 15 |
|
|
| X-Linked Hereditary Ataxia |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 6 |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 15 |
|
|
| Angelman Syndrome |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 10 |
|
|
| Multisystem Proteinopathy |
|
|
| Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome |
|
|
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 4, Juvenile |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 14 |
|
|
| Huntington Disease-Like 2 |
|
|
| Giant Axonal Neuropathy 1, Autosomal Recessive |
|
|
| Intellectual Developmental Disorder, X-Linked, Syndromic, Billuart Type |
|
|
| Spinocerebellar Ataxia 8 |
|
|
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Type 6 |
|
|
| Episodic Ataxia, Type 2 |
|
|
| Inclusion Body Myopathy With Paget Disease Of Bone And Frontotemporal Dementia |
|
|
| Epithelial-Stromal Tgfbi Dystrophy |
|
|
| Lattice Corneal Dystrophy |
|
|
| Hemochromatosis, Type 1 |
|
|
| Glaucoma, Primary Open Angle |
|
|
| Choreatic Disease |
|
|
| Episodic Ataxia |
|
|
| Movement Disease |
|
|
| Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive, 1 |
|
|
| Myotonic Dystrophy 1 |
|
|
| Motor Neuron Disease |
|
|
| Retinitis Pigmentosa |
|
|
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy |
|
|
| Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia |
|
|
| Celiac Disease 1 |
|
|
| Nervous System Disease |
|
|
Orthologs Information
| Species | Symbol | Source | ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canis familiaris | ATXN2 | VGNC | VGNC:38301 |
| Felis catus | ATXN2 | VGNC | VGNC:60037 |
| Rattus norvegicus | ATXN2 | RGD | RGD:1306637 |
| Bos taurus | ATXN2 | VGNC | VGNC:26340 |
| Macaca mulatta | ATXN2 | VGNC | VGNC:70047 |
| Mus musculus | ATXN2 | MGD | MGI:1277223 |
| Others | ATXN2 | NCBI |