2. PI3K/Akt/mTOR
  3. PIN1
  4. L-Balenine

L-Balenine is an orally active Pin1 inhibitor and intracellular pH buffer. L-Balenine enhances the phagocytic activity of macrophages, and promotes the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines during muscle degeneration. L-Balenine also upregulates the expression of myogenic marker genes associated with regeneration, thereby effectively driving skeletal muscle regeneration. L-Balenine can be widely used in studies related to skeletal muscle injury and its repair mechanisms.

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L-Balenine

L-Balenine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 331-38-4

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L-Balenine Related Antibodies

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Description

L-Balenine is an orally active Pin1 inhibitor and intracellular pH buffer. L-Balenine enhances the phagocytic activity of macrophages, and promotes the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines during muscle degeneration. L-Balenine also upregulates the expression of myogenic marker genes associated with regeneration, thereby effectively driving skeletal muscle regeneration. L-Balenine can be widely used in studies related to skeletal muscle injury and its repair mechanisms[1][2][3].

In Vitro

L-Balenine (10 mM; 24 h) dose-dependently enhances the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 macrophage cells[1].
L-Balenine (10 mM; 24 h) significantly enhances the phagocytic uptake of opsonized E. coli BioParticles by RAW264.7 macrophage cells, increasing bead uptake per cell to 2.38 times the control level[1].
L-balenine (2-4 mM; 60 seconds) potently and specifically inhibits the PPIase catalytic activity of purified recombinant Pin1 in a dose-dependent manner[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

L-Balenine Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Dietary balenine-enriched extract (1% w/w balenine-enriched extract (containing 27.3% balenine); p.o.; ad libitum; 2 weeks prior to CTX injection and up to 14 days post-injection) promotes skeletal muscle regeneration in a Cardiotoxin (CTX)-induced injury model by increasing muscle wet weight retention, reducing inter-membrane space during regeneration, and upregulating expression of myogenic and inflammatory cytokine genes[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: C57BL/6J (male, 6 weeks old at study start, CTX-induced skeletal muscle injury)[1]
Dosage: 1% w/w balenine-enriched extract (containing 27.3% balenine)
Administration: p.o.; ad libitum; 2 weeks prior to Cardiotoxin (CTX) injection and up to 14 days post-injection
Result: Increased wet weight of CTX-injected TA muscle significantly compared to normal diet group at day 3 post-CTX injection.
Increased wet weight of CTX-injected TA muscle significantly at day 14 post-CTX injection compared to day 0, with no significant differences between days 0, 3, and 7.
Reduced average cell-to-cell membrane space in TA muscle to approximately 40% of that in normal diet group at day 7 post-CTX injection.
Upregulated relative mRNA expression of Pax7, MyoD1, myogenin, TNF-α, MCP-1, TGF-β1, and IL-10 significantly compared to normal diet group at day 3 post-CTX injection.
Upregulated relative mRNA expression of Myh3 significantly compared to normal diet group at day 7 post-CTX injection.
Molecular Weight

240.26

Formula

C10H16N4O3
CAS No.
SMILES

NCCC(N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CN(C)C=N1)=O
Structure Classification
Initial Source

Freshwater turtles
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Purity & Documentation
References
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L-Balenine Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

L-Balenine331-38-4PIN1peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1Pin1painted turtleskeletal muscleE. coliwestern painted turtlesRAW264.7 macrophage cellsCTX-induced injury modelmacrophagecardiac musclemyogenic marker geneInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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