Kuhuang injection exerts a protective effect by activating PPAR-γ in an in vitro model of chlorpromazine-induced cholestatic liver injury constructed by tissue engineering

  • Pharm Biol. 2022 Dec;60(1):1679-1689. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110128.
Qiao Wu  1  2 ,  Zhongping Duan  2 ,  Long Huang  2 ,  Zhijie Li  3
Affiliations
  • 1. Infection Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • 2. Fourth Department of Liver Disease (Difficult & Complicated Liver Diseases and Artificial Liver Center), Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Liver Failure and Artificial Liver Treatment Research, Beijing, China.
  • 3. Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
PMID: 36063125 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2110128
Abstract

Context: Kuhuang (KH) injection is a widely used anticholestatic drug in the clinic and the mechanisms are still unclear.

Objective: This study uses a new 3D tissue-engineered (TE) liver platform to study the ability of kuhuang to ameliorate liver injury induced by chlorpromazine (CPZ) and the possible mechanisms involved.

Materials and methods: The TE livers (n = 25) were divided into 5 groups (n = 5 livers/group) as 3D, 3D + CPZ, 3D + CPZ + KH, 3D + CPZ + GW9662 (a PPARγ Inhibitor) and 3D + CPZ + KH + GW9662. The treatments with kuhuang (1 mg/mL) and GW9662 (10 μmol/L) were given to the desired groups on the 7th day of the experimental process. 20 μmol/L CPZ was added on the 8th day.

Results: According to the 2D experimental results, the minimum effective concentration of kuhuang is 10 μg/mL and the optimal effective concentration is 1 mg/mL. Kuhuang ameliorated tissue damage in the TE livers both in terms of tissue structure and culture supernatant. Kuhuang significantly reduced TBA accumulation (38%) and downregulated CYP7A1 (38%) and CYP8B1 (79%). It reduced hepatic levels of ROS (14%), MDA (27%) but increased the levels of GSH (41%), SOD (12%), BSEP (4.4-fold), and MRP2 (74%). Moreover, kuhuang downregulated DR5 (99%) but increased the mRNA expression of PPARγ (4-fold). Molecular docking analyses determined the bioactivity of the active compounds of kuhuang through their specific bindings to PPARγ.

Conclusions: Kuhuang could alleviate CPZ-induced cholestatic liver injury by activating PPARγ to reduce oxidative stress. Applying kuhuang for the treatment of CPZ-induced liver injury could be suggested.

Keywords
Chinese medicine; Drug-induced cholestasis; antioxidation; tissue-engineered liver.
Products