1. Biacetyl monoxime

Biacetyl monoxime  (Synonyms: Diacetyl monoxime; DAM)

Cat. No.: HY-Y0413 Purity: ≥98.0%
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Biacetyl monoxime (Diacetyl monoxime), a myosin ATPase inhibitor, is a skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction inhibitor. Biacetyl monoxime is also a well-characterized non-competitive inhibitor of chemical and motile activity of skeletal muscle myosin-II. Biacetyl monoxime induces sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release.

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Biacetyl monoxime Chemical Structure

Biacetyl monoxime Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 57-71-6

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Description

Biacetyl monoxime (Diacetyl monoxime), a myosin ATPase inhibitor, is a skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction inhibitor. Biacetyl monoxime is also a well-characterized non-competitive inhibitor of chemical and motile activity of skeletal muscle myosin-II. Biacetyl monoxime induces sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release[1][2][3].

In Vitro

Biacetyl monoxime (Diacetyl monoxime) (50 mM, 6 and 48 h) decreases cellulase secretion in C. cinerea[1].
Biacetyl monoxime (50 mM, 2 and 4 h) disrupts the localization of the Golgi apparatus, but not that of the endoplasmic reticulum[1].
Biacetyl monoxime (0-30 mM) induces SR Ca2+ release (no efflux inhibitors) in a concentration-dependent manner, with a maximal reduction of 72% of SR Ca2+ at pCa 6.0[2].
Biacetyl monoxime acts as a chemical phosphatase, which has led to speculation that dephosphorylation of key Ca2+ channel proteins may be involved in its inhibition of contraction[2].
Biacetyl monoxime does not inhibit the ATPase activity of two different myosin-I isoforms, myosin-V, or myosin-VI[3].
Biacetyl monoxime (0-50 mM) suppresses L-type Ca2+ current of single cardiac myocytes isolated from SHR and WKY rats[4].
Biacetyl monoxime significantly reduces the duration of both spontaneous and electrically stimulated action potentials of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Biacetyl monoxime (0-200 mg/kg; i.v.; once) shows hypotensive effect[4].
Biacetyl monoxime (0-205 mg/kg; i.p.; once) shows anticonvulsant effect against Picrotoxin (HY-101391)-induced convulsions[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male SHR and age-matched WKY rat[4]
Dosage: 5, 30, I00 and 200 mg/kg
Administration: Intravenous administration, 1 mL/kg, once
Result: Decreased arterial blood pressure for both strains, the SHR was significantly more responsive.
Animal Model: Male mice (20 to 25 g)[5]
Dosage: 51, 103 and 205 mg/kg in combination with intraperitoneal injection of 3.0 mg/kg Picrotoxin (HY-101391)
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, once
Result: Showed dose-dependent anticonvulsant effect against Picrotoxin-induced convulsions.
Molecular Weight

101.10

Formula

C4H7NO2

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C/C(C(C)=O)=N\O

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (989.12 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 9.8912 mL 49.4560 mL 98.9120 mL
5 mM 1.9782 mL 9.8912 mL 19.7824 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

V1

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Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (20.57 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (20.57 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Dosing volume
(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 9.8912 mL 49.4560 mL 98.9120 mL 247.2799 mL
5 mM 1.9782 mL 9.8912 mL 19.7824 mL 49.4560 mL
10 mM 0.9891 mL 4.9456 mL 9.8912 mL 24.7280 mL
15 mM 0.6594 mL 3.2971 mL 6.5941 mL 16.4853 mL
20 mM 0.4946 mL 2.4728 mL 4.9456 mL 12.3640 mL
25 mM 0.3956 mL 1.9782 mL 3.9565 mL 9.8912 mL
30 mM 0.3297 mL 1.6485 mL 3.2971 mL 8.2427 mL
40 mM 0.2473 mL 1.2364 mL 2.4728 mL 6.1820 mL
50 mM 0.1978 mL 0.9891 mL 1.9782 mL 4.9456 mL
60 mM 0.1649 mL 0.8243 mL 1.6485 mL 4.1213 mL
80 mM 0.1236 mL 0.6182 mL 1.2364 mL 3.0910 mL
100 mM 0.0989 mL 0.4946 mL 0.9891 mL 2.4728 mL
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  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Biacetyl monoxime
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