Liothyronine sodium hydrate
Based on 40 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Liothyronine sodium hydrate is an active form of thyroid hormone. Liothyronine sodium hydrate is a potent thyroid hormone receptors TRα and TRβ agonist with Kis of 2.33 nM for hTRα and hTRβ, respectively.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 98.24%
- CAS No.: 345957-19-9
- Formula: C15H12I3NO4.xH2O.Na
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Liothyronine sodium hydrate
More- Cell Metab. 2023 Nov 7;35(11):1915-1930.e8. [Abstract]
- Nat Cell Biol. 2025 Oct 15. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2025 Aug 11;16(1):7414. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2023 Jun 2;14(1):3208. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 9:e08571. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 2024 Sep 15.
- J Adv Res. 2025 Apr 19:S2090-1232(25)00273-5. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2024 Feb 9;10(6):eadk3931. [Abstract]
- Redox Biol. 2025 Sep:85:103751. [Abstract]
- J Hazard Mater. 2025 Mar 29:492:138085. [Abstract]
- Environ Sci Technol. 2025 Mar 11;59(9):4530-4539. [Abstract]
- Adv Healthc Mater. 2025 Apr;14(9):e2404388. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2024 May 24. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2025 Oct 11:148:157400. [Abstract]
- Food Science and Human Wellness. 2023 Nov;12(6);2061-2072.
- Cell Death Discov. 2022 Apr 30;8(1):236. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2025 Dec 11;44(12):116678. [Abstract]
- Cell Rep. 2024 Mar 18;43(3):113930. [Abstract]
- J Med Chem. 2022 Feb 10;65(3):2571-2592. [Abstract]
- Anal Chem. 2026 Jun 16;98(23):16962-16970. [Abstract]
- Mol Metab. 2025 May:95:102125. [Abstract]
- Mol Metab. 2024 Oct 29:102053. [Abstract]
- JCI Insight. 2021 Jun 22;6(12):e142838. [Abstract]
- Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Apr 5:269:116344. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 Nov 15:298:115622. [Abstract]
- Cells. 2026 Feb 11;15(4):329. [Abstract]
- J Nutr Biochem. 2020 Apr;78:108335. [Abstract]
- BMC Biol. 2025 Apr 24;23(1):107. [Abstract]
- J Lipid Res. 2026 Feb;67(2):100981. [Abstract]
- Drug Metab Dispos. 2025 Nov;53(11):100168. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 2;14(1):20370. [Abstract]
- Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2024 May 1;326(5):E696-E708. [Abstract]
- Adipocyte. 2022 Dec;11(1):84-98. [Abstract]
- J Therm Biol. 2024 Jul 2:123:103906. [Abstract]
- In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2026 Feb 6. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Mar 4.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Oct 14.
- bioRxiv. 2024 November 15.
- Methods Mol Biol. 2023:2683:103-111. [Abstract]
- Patent. US20220389379A1.
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Biological Activity
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Human Endogenous Metabolite |
Liothyronine (T3, 100 nM) sodium hydrate stimulates the proliferation of hepatocarcinema cells in which TRβ1 is overexpressed[1]. Liothyronine sodium hydrate binds to human β1 thyroid hormone receptor (hTRβ1), and changes its conformation. Liothyronine sodium hydrate promotes growth, induces differentiation and regualtes metabolic effects[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 345957-19-9
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Appearance Solid
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Formula C15H12I3NO4.xH2O.Na
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Color White to light brown
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SMILES
N[C@@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(C(I)=C1)OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(O[Na])=O.[x].O
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Synonyms
Triiodothyronine sodium hydrate; 3,3',5-Triiodo-L-thyronine sodium hydrate; T3 sodium hydrate
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (40)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Cell Metab
Bone marrow immune cells respond to fluctuating nutritional stress to constrain weight regain. [Abstract]2023 Nov 7;35(11):1915-1930.e8. PMID: 37703873
Liothyronine sodium hydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Metab. 2023 Nov 7;35(11):1915-1930.e8. [Abstract]
C3H10T1/2 preadipocytes were treated with differentiation medium supplemented with 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 1 μM Dexamethasone, 850 nM Insulin, 1 nM Triiodothyronine, 125 nm Indomethacin and 1 μM Rosiglitazone for 2 days and subsequently cultured in maintaining medium supplemented with 1 nM Triiodothyronine, 850 nM Insulin, and 1 μM Rosiglitazone for another 2 days. Differentiated adipocytes at day 4 were cultured in complete medium until used for experiments. Representative immunoblots of PGC-1α and UCP1 in beige adipocytes treated as indicated.
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Nat Cell Biol
A continuous totipotent-like cell-based embryo model recapitulates mouse embryogenesis from zygotic genome activation to gastrulation. [Abstract]2025 Oct 15. PMID: 41094030 -
Nat Commun
Adipocyte RNA-binding protein CELF1 promotes beiging of white fat through stabilizing Dio2 mRNA. [Abstract]2025 Aug 11;16(1):7414. PMID: 40789858 -
Nat Commun
Senescent immune cells accumulation promotes brown adipose tissue dysfunction during aging. [Abstract]2023 Jun 2;14(1):3208. PMID: 37268694
Liothyronine sodium hydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Commun. 2023 Jun 2;14(1):3208. [Abstract]
C3H10T1/2 preadipocytes were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% P/S. For adipogenic differentiation, confluent C3H10T1/2 preadipocytes were incubated with complete medium supplemented with 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 1 μM Dexamethasone, 850 nM Insulin, 1 nm Triiodothyronine, 125 nm Indomethacin and 1 μM Rosiglitazone for 2 days. Then, cells were changed to the complete medium supplemented with 1 nM T3, 850 nM Insulin, and 1 μM Rosiglitazone for another 2 days. Differentiated adipocytes at day 4 were maintained in complete medium until used for experiments. Representative immunoblots of NRP1 and EPHA7 in differentiated brown adipocytes transfected with si-Rbm3 or si-NC.
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Adv Sci (Weinh)
Thyroid Hormone Receptor β1 and PGC1α Coordinately Regulate OPA1/MFN2-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion and UCP1-Mediated Lipid Browning in ccRCC. [Abstract]2025 Nov 9:e08571. PMID: 41208194
Liothyronine sodium hydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 9:e08571. [Abstract]
PGC1α mRNA levels in TRβ‐overexpressing ccRCC cell lines versus controls following Triiodothyronine (T3) treatment (100 nM for 48 h).
Liothyronine sodium hydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 9:e08571. [Abstract]
CCK8 assay showing proliferation of TRβ-overexpressing cells treated with T3 (100 nM for 48 h).
Liothyronine sodium hydrate purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Nov 9:e08571. [Abstract]
Transwell assay results comparing the migration of TRβ-overexpressing cells with control cells in the presence of T3 (100 nM for 48 h).
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J Adv Res
Astragaloside II, a natural saponin, facilitates remyelination in demyelination neurological diseases via p75NTR receptor mediated β-catenin/Id2/MBP signaling axis in oligodendrocyte precursor cells. [Abstract]2025 Apr 19:S2090-1232(25)00273-5. PMID: 40258474 -
Sci Adv
RNF220-mediated K63-linked polyubiquitination stabilizes Olig proteins during oligodendroglial development and myelination. [Abstract]2024 Feb 9;10(6):eadk3931. PMID: 38324685 -
Redox Biol
2025 Sep:85:103751. PMID: 40628122 -
J Hazard Mater
Avermectin induces photoreceptor functional impairment and color vision deficits in zebrafish (Danio rerio). [Abstract]2025 Mar 29:492:138085. PMID: 40174454 -
Environ Sci Technol
IodoFinder: Machine Learning-Guided Recognition of Iodinated Chemicals in Nontargeted LC-MS/MS Analysis. [Abstract]2025 Mar 11;59(9):4530-4539. PMID: 40015982 -
Adv Healthc Mater
2025 Apr;14(9):e2404388. PMID: 40018834 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
A new mechanism of thyroid hormone receptor β agonists ameliorating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption via remodeling bile acid profiles. [Abstract]2024 May 24. PMID: 38789494 -
Phytomedicine
Perillyl alcohol ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice by modulating gut microbiota and activating IRF4-mediated brown fat thermogenesis. [Abstract]2025 Oct 11:148:157400. PMID: 41138577 -
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Cell Death Discov
Disturbance of calcium homeostasis and myogenesis caused by TET2 deletion in muscle stem cells. [Abstract]2022 Apr 30;8(1):236. PMID: 35490157 -
Cell Rep
Paracrine stimulation of brown adipose tissue vascularization by adipocyte O-GlcNAc signaling. [Abstract]2025 Dec 11;44(12):116678. PMID: 41385373 -
Cell Rep
PRRC2B modulates oligodendrocyte progenitor cell development and myelination by stabilizing Sox2 mRNA. [Abstract]2024 Mar 18;43(3):113930. PMID: 38507412 -
J Med Chem
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Triazolone Derivatives as Potent PPARα/δ Dual Agonists for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. [Abstract]2022 Feb 10;65(3):2571-2592. PMID: 35060744 -
Anal Chem
High-Throughput Reactive Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Targeted Derivatization and Analysis of Poorly Ionized Small Molecules. [Abstract]2026 Jun 16;98(23):16962-16970. PMID: 42223360 -
Mol Metab
Aregs-IGFBP3-mediated SMC-like cells apoptosis impairs beige adipocytes formation in aged mice. [Abstract]2025 May:95:102125. PMID: 40118146 -
Mol Metab
RNA-binding protein YBX3 promotes PPARγ-SLC3A2 mediated BCAA metabolism fueling brown adipogenesis and thermogenesis. [Abstract]2024 Oct 29:102053. PMID: 39481849 -
JCI Insight
Pdcd10-Stk24/25 complex controls kidney water reabsorption by regulating Aqp2 membrane targeting. [Abstract]2021 Jun 22;6(12):e142838. PMID: 34156031 -
Eur J Med Chem
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of piperazine derivatives as pan-PPARs agonists for the treatment of liver fibrosis. [Abstract]2024 Apr 5:269:116344. PMID: 38522113 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Total astragalosides promote oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and enhance remyelination in cuprizone-induced mice through suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. [Abstract]2022 Nov 15:298:115622. PMID: 35964820 -
Cells
The Asp-Encoding Gene FBN1 Mediates Cold Adaptation in Sunite Sheep by Reprogramming Adipocyte Differentiation Towards Thermogenesis. [Abstract]2026 Feb 11;15(4):329. PMID: 41744772 -
J Nutr Biochem
Lycopene attenuates body weight gain through induction of browning via regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. [Abstract]2020 Apr;78:108335. PMID: 31978713 -
BMC Biol
Single-nucleus RNA sequencing defines adipose tissue subpopulations that contribute to Tibetan pig cold adaptation. [Abstract]2025 Apr 24;23(1):107. PMID: 40275312 -
J Lipid Res
2026 Feb;67(2):100981. PMID: 41565113 -
Drug Metab Dispos
Metabolic flux analysis of bile acid biosynthesis acidic pathway in HepG2 cells reveals CYP8B1 inhibition of azole antifungals. [Abstract]2025 Nov;53(11):100168. PMID: 41124962 -
Sci Rep
Triiodothyronine (T3) promotes browning of white adipose through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. [Abstract]2024 Sep 2;14(1):20370. PMID: 39223267 -
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
Glycogen synthesis is required for adaptive thermogenesis in beige adipose tissue and affects diet-induced obesity. [Abstract]2024 May 1;326(5):E696-E708. PMID: 38568151 -
Adipocyte
The mechanisms underlying olanzapine-induced insulin resistance via the brown adipose tissue and the therapy in rats. [Abstract]2022 Dec;11(1):84-98. PMID: 35067163 -
J Therm Biol
Differential expression of ADRB1 causes different responses to norepinephrine in adipocytes of Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs and min pigs. [Abstract]2024 Jul 2:123:103906. PMID: 38970835 -
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim
2026 Feb 6. PMID: 41652136 -
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Methods Mol Biol
Characterizing the Neuron-Glial Interactions by the Co-cultures of Human iPSC-Derived Oligodendroglia and Neurons. [Abstract]2023:2683:103-111. PMID: 37300770 -
Solvent & Solubility
1 M NaOH : ≥ 100 mg/mL
H2O : 43.48 mg/mL (adjust pH to 11 with 1 M NaOH)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (272 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Lin KH, et al. Stimulation of proliferation by 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in poorly differentiated human hepatocarcinoma cells overexpressing beta 1 thyroid hormone receptor. Cancer Lett. 1994 Oct 14;85(2):189-94. [Content Brief]
[2]. Bhat MK, et al. Conformational changes of human beta 1 thyroid hormone receptor induced by binding of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Aug 31;195(1):385-92. [Content Brief]
[3]. Hiroaki Shiohara, et al. Discovery of novel indane derivatives as liver-selective thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) agonists for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Bioorg Med Chem. 2012 Jun 1;20(11):3622-34. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
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