Cat. No.: HY-B1826

Adefovir

(Synonyms: GS-0393; PMEA)

2 Cited Publications

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Adefovir (GS-0393) is an adenosine monophosphate analog antiviral agent that after intracellular conversion to Adefovir diphosphate inhibits HBV DNA polymerase. Adefovir has an IC₅₀ of 0.7 μM against HBV in the HepG2.2.15 cell line. Adefovir has good antiviral activity against several viruses, including HBV and herpesviruses.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.55%
CAS No.: 106941-25-7
Formula: C₈H₁₂N₅O₄P
Molecular Weight:273.19

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

Adefovir Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 106941-25-7

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (2)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
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Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

HBV^[1]^[2]^[3];
DNA polymerase^[1]^[2]

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
BSC-1	CC₅₀	210.1 μM Compound: PMEA	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey BSC1 cells Cytotoxicity against african green monkey BSC1 cells	[PMID: 17420214]
BSC-1	EC₅₀	125.9 μM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against Simian virus 40 PML2 DAR in african green monkey BSC1 cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against Simian virus 40 PML2 DAR in african green monkey BSC1 cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 17420214]
BSC-1	EC₅₀	157.7 μM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against Simian virus 40 A2895 in african green monkey BSC1 cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against Simian virus 40 A2895 in african green monkey BSC1 cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 17420214]
BSC-1	EC₅₀	168 μM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against Simian virus 40 PML1 EK in african green monkey BSC1 cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against Simian virus 40 PML1 EK in african green monkey BSC1 cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 17420214]
C-33-A	IC₅₀	7.8 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Antiproliferative activity against human C33A cells after 72 hrs by flow cytometric analysis Antiproliferative activity against human C33A cells after 72 hrs by flow cytometric analysis	[PMID: 24686012]
C3H/3T3	EC₅₀	0.25 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of moloney sarcoma virus (MSV) induced cytopathicity in C3H/3T3 embryo fibroblast cells Inhibition of moloney sarcoma virus (MSV) induced cytopathicity in C3H/3T3 embryo fibroblast cells	[PMID: 11960502]
C3H/3T3	EC₅₀	0.53 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Inhibition of murine sarcoma virus-induced transformation of mouse embryo fibroblast C3H/3T3 cells after 6 days Inhibition of murine sarcoma virus-induced transformation of mouse embryo fibroblast C3H/3T3 cells after 6 days	[PMID: 18556209]
C3H/3T3	EC₅₀	2.1 μM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral against Moloney murine sarcoma virus infected in mouse C3H/3T3 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell transformation after 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis Antiviral against Moloney murine sarcoma virus infected in mouse C3H/3T3 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cell transformation after 6 days post infection by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 21429755]
C8166	EC₅₀	7 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against 100 TCID50 wild-type Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 ROD infected in C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of syncytia formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against 100 TCID50 wild-type Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 ROD infected in C8166 cells assessed as inhibition of syncytia formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 21803462]
C8166	EC₅₀	1.7 μM Compound: PMEA	Concentration required to inhibit p24 viral antigen production by 50% in C-8166 cells Concentration required to inhibit p24 viral antigen production by 50% in C-8166 cells	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
C8166	EC₅₀	1.5 μM Compound: PMEA	Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of p24 viral antigen production in C-8166 cells. Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of p24 viral antigen production in C-8166 cells.	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00585-H
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	69 μM Compound: 2	In vitro cytotoxic concentration against CEM cells In vitro cytotoxic concentration against CEM cells	[PMID: 11327587]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	10 μM Compound: 2	In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-2 in CEM cells In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-2 in CEM cells	[PMID: 11327587]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	7 μM Compound: 2	In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-1 in CEM cells In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-1 in CEM cells	[PMID: 11327587]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	2 μg/mL Compound: 4	Inhibition of antiviral activity against moloney murine sarcoma virus(MSV)in CEM cells in cell protection assay Inhibition of antiviral activity against moloney murine sarcoma virus(MSV)in CEM cells in cell protection assay	[PMID: 11606136]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	285 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cellular toxic effect was determined in CEM cells Cellular toxic effect was determined in CEM cells	[PMID: 11606136]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	1.8 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -1 III B strain induced cytopathicity in CEM cell line Inhibition of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -1 III B strain induced cytopathicity in CEM cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	2.5 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2 ROD strain induced cytopathicity in CEM cell line Inhibition of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2 ROD strain induced cytopathicity in CEM cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	18 μM Compound: PMEA	In vitro anti -HIV activity tested against CEM cells infected with HIV by XTT assay In vitro anti -HIV activity tested against CEM cells infected with HIV by XTT assay	[PMID: 1323678]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	0.056 mM Compound: PMEA	Cytotoxicity against CEM (human lymphoblastic leukemia) cells in vitro. Cytotoxicity against CEM (human lymphoblastic leukemia) cells in vitro.	[PMID: 14584956]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	0.056 μM/mL Compound: PMEA	Cytotoxicity against CEM (human lymphoblastic leukemia) cells in vitro. Cytotoxicity against CEM (human lymphoblastic leukemia) cells in vitro.	[PMID: 14584956]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.0033 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 (IIIB) in CEM (human leukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against HIV-1 (IIIB) in CEM (human leukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.0033 μM/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HIV-1 (IIIB) in CEM (human leukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against HIV-1 (IIIB) in CEM (human leukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.0066 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HIV-2 (ROD) in CEM (human leukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against HIV-2 (ROD) in CEM (human leukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	0.0066 μM/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HIV-2 (ROD) in CEM (human leukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against HIV-2 (ROD) in CEM (human leukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	50 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Cytotoxicity against CEM/O cells Cytotoxicity against CEM/O cells	[PMID: 16335932]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	7 μM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced syncytium formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced syncytium formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 21429755]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	7.4 μM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced syncytium formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced syncytium formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 21429755]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	≥250 μM Compound: PMEA	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by coulter counter analysis Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation after 72 hrs by coulter counter analysis	[PMID: 21429755]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	164 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by coulter counting analysis Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by coulter counting analysis	[PMID: 21565516]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	10.4 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV 1 3B infected in CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopy Antiviral activity against HIV 1 3B infected in CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopy	[PMID: 21565516]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	8.6 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV 2 ROD infected in CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopy Antiviral activity against HIV 2 ROD infected in CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopy	[PMID: 21565516]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	7 μM Compound: PMEA, adefovir	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as HIV-induced CEM giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopy Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as HIV-induced CEM giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopy	[PMID: 21745746]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	7.4 μM Compound: PMEA, adefovir	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as HIV-induced CEM giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as HIV-induced CEM giant cell formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 21745746]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	85 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells	[PMID: 21803462]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	5.5 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against 100 TCID50 wild-type Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in CEM cells assessed as inhibition of syncytia formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against 100 TCID50 wild-type Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in CEM cells assessed as inhibition of syncytia formation after 4 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 21803462]
CCRF-CEM	CC₅₀	>=50 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells	[PMID: 24686012]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	8.2 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 24686012]
CCRF-CEM	EC₅₀	8.4 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis Antiviral activity against Human immunodeficiency virus 1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced giant cell formation after 4 to 5 days by microscopic analysis	[PMID: 24686012]
CCRF-CEM	IC₅₀	24 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Cytostatic activity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by coulter counting analysis Cytostatic activity against human CEM cells after 72 hrs by coulter counting analysis	[PMID: 24686012]
CEM-SS	CC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the CEM-SS cell lines infected with HIV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the CEM-SS cell lines infected with HIV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
CEM-SS	EC₅₀	0.42 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the CEM-SS cell lines infected with HIV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the CEM-SS cell lines infected with HIV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
CHO	IC₅₀	28 μM Compound: Adefovir	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of 6-Carboxyfluorescein uptake in OAT1-expressing CHO cells TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of 6-Carboxyfluorescein uptake in OAT1-expressing CHO cells	[PMID: 10929807]
CHO	CC₅₀	1.4 μM Compound: Adefovir	Ratio of CC50 for CHO cells to CC50 for CHO cells expressing hOAT1 after 120 hrs by Cell-Titer Glo assay Ratio of CC50 for CHO cells to CC50 for CHO cells expressing hOAT1 after 120 hrs by Cell-Titer Glo assay	[PMID: 19001108]
CHO	CC₅₀	3 μM Compound: Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against CHO cells expressing hOAT1 after 120 hrs by Cell-Titer Glo assay Cytotoxicity against CHO cells expressing hOAT1 after 120 hrs by Cell-Titer Glo assay	[PMID: 19001108]
CHO	CC₅₀	≥2 mM Compound: Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against CHO cells after 120 hrs by Cell-Titer Glo assay Cytotoxicity against CHO cells after 120 hrs by Cell-Titer Glo assay	[PMID: 19001108]
E6SM	EC₅₀	7 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Herpes simplex virus-1, KOS strain induced cytopathicity in E6SM cell line Inhibition of Herpes simplex virus-1, KOS strain induced cytopathicity in E6SM cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
E6SM	EC₅₀	7 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Herpes simplex virus-2 (G strain) induced cytopathicity in E6SM cell line Inhibition of Herpes simplex virus-2 (G strain) induced cytopathicity in E6SM cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
E6SM	EC₅₀	7 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of thymidine kinase deficient Herpes simplex virus-1 VMW 1837 strain induced cytopathicity in E6SM cell line Inhibition of thymidine kinase deficient Herpes simplex virus-1 VMW 1837 strain induced cytopathicity in E6SM cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
E6SM	EC₅₀	0.024 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against G strain of HSV-2 in E6SM cells. Antiviral activity against G strain of HSV-2 in E6SM cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
E6SM	EC₅₀	0.024 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against KOS strain of HSV-1 in E6SM cells. Antiviral activity against KOS strain of HSV-1 in E6SM cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
H9	CC₅₀	>30 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against PAP-activated human H9 cells on day 7 by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against PAP-activated human H9 cells on day 7 by MTT assay	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	0.19 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade F isolate 2338 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade F isolate 2338 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	0.22 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade G isolate 3187 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade G isolate 3187 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	0.32 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade A/E isolate 2165 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade A/E isolate 2165 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	0.32 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade D isolate 1649 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade D isolate 1649 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	1.02 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade B isolate 2056 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade B isolate 2056 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	1.1 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against 125 TCID50 wild type HIV1 LAI infected in human H9 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication measured on day 7 post infection by reverse transcriptase activity Antiviral activity against 125 TCID50 wild type HIV1 LAI infected in human H9 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication measured on day 7 post infection by reverse transcriptase activity	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	1.45 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade C isolate 2914 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade C isolate 2914 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	1.85 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade B isolate 1722 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade B isolate 1722 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	17.76 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade A isolate 4113 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade A isolate 4113 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	2.74 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade C isolate 4110 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade C isolate 4110 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	3.51 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade B isolate 2101 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication Antiviral activity against HIV1 clade B isolate 2101 infected in human H9 cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication	[PMID: 21803462]
H9	EC₅₀	7.9 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against 6250 TCID50 wild type HIV1 LAI infected in human H9 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication measured on day 7 post infection by reverse transcriptase activity Antiviral activity against 6250 TCID50 wild type HIV1 LAI infected in human H9 cells assessed as reduction in viral replication measured on day 7 post infection by reverse transcriptase activity	[PMID: 21803462]
HEK-293T	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: PMEA	Cytotoxicity against human 293T cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by tetrazolium dye method Cytotoxicity against human 293T cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by tetrazolium dye method	[PMID: 17470654]
HEL	EC₅₀	10 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Thymidine kinase deficient (TK-) Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) 07/1 strain induced cytopathicity n HEL cell line Inhibition of Thymidine kinase deficient (TK-) Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) 07/1 strain induced cytopathicity n HEL cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
HEL	EC₅₀	10 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Thymidine kinase deficient (TK-) Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) YS/R strain induced cytopathicity in HEL cell line Inhibition of Thymidine kinase deficient (TK-) Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) YS/R strain induced cytopathicity in HEL cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
HEL	EC₅₀	10 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) OKA strain induced cytopathicity in HEL cell line Inhibition of Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) OKA strain induced cytopathicity in HEL cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
HEL	EC₅₀	10 μg/mL Compound: PMEA (adefovir)	Inhibition of Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) YS strain induced cytopathicity in HEL cell line Inhibition of Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) YS strain induced cytopathicity in HEL cell line	[PMID: 11960502]
HEL	EC₅₀	>0.17 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
HEL	EC₅₀	0.03 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against OKA strain of VZV in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against OKA strain of VZV in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
HEL	EC₅₀	0.035 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against 07/1 strain of VZV in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against 07/1 strain of VZV in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
HEL	EC₅₀	0.1 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against AD169 strain of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against AD169 strain of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
HEL	EC₅₀	0.27 mM Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against Davis strain of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells. Antiviral activity against Davis strain of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HEL (human erythroleukemia) cells.	[PMID: 14584956]
HEL	EC₅₀	128 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against foscarnet-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against foscarnet-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	137 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	18 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against (S)-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl cytosine-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against (S)-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl cytosine-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	20 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HCMV 521 with U97 and DNA polymerase mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against HCMV 521 with U97 and DNA polymerase mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	42 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HCMV 530 with U97 and DNA polymerase mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against HCMV 530 with U97 and DNA polymerase mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	5.8 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against ganciclovir-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	9.1 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against (S)-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl adenine-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against (S)-3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl adenine-resistant HCMV with DNA polymerase mutant in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	90 μg/mL Compound: PMEA	Antiviral activity against HCMV 6 with U97 mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity Antiviral activity against HCMV 6 with U97 mutation in HEL cells assessed as reduction of virus-induced cytopathogenicity	[PMID: 18707089]
HEL	EC₅₀	>183 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	114.6 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus Davis infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	117.6 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against Human cytomegalovirus AD169 infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	24.9 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	41.4 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant Human herpesvirus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against acyclovir-resistant Human herpesvirus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	42.5 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against Human herpesvirus 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	5 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against VZV 07/1 infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against VZV 07/1 infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	6.7 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against VZV OKA infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against VZV OKA infected in HEL cells assessed as protection against virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 21565516]
HEL	EC₅₀	>200 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against Vaccinia virus infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 21803462]
HEL	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 2 G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 21803462]
HEL	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against TK-deficient and ACR-resistant Herpes simplex virus type 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against TK-deficient and ACR-resistant Herpes simplex virus type 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 21803462]
HEL	EC₅₀	89 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect	[PMID: 21803462]
HEL	EC₅₀	4.7 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 24686012]
HEL	EC₅₀	6.3 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus G infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 24686012]
HEL	EC₅₀	7 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant Herpes simplex virus KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity Antiviral activity against thymidine kinase-deficient acyclovir-resistant Herpes simplex virus KOS infected in HEL cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathicity	[PMID: 24686012]
HEL 299	CC₅₀	211 μM Compound: 3a, PMEA	Cytotoxicity against HEL299 cells after 4 days by Z1 Coulter counting analysis Cytotoxicity against HEL299 cells after 4 days by Z1 Coulter counting analysis	[PMID: 17893157]
HEL 299	EC₅₀	>183 μM Compound: 3a, PMEA	Antiviral activity against Camelpox virus CML1 infected in HEL299 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 days by Giemsa staining Antiviral activity against Camelpox virus CML1 infected in HEL299 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 days by Giemsa staining	[PMID: 17893157]
HEL 299	EC₅₀	>183 μM Compound: 3a, PMEA	Antiviral activity against Camelpox virus CML14 infected in HEL299 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 days by Giemsa staining Antiviral activity against Camelpox virus CML14 infected in HEL299 cells assessed as inhibition of virus-induced cytopathic effect after 6 days by Giemsa staining	[PMID: 17893157]
HeLa	CC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by coulter counting analysis Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as growth inhibition after 3 days by coulter counting analysis	[PMID: 21565516]
HeLa	IC₅₀	181 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by coulter counting analysis Cytostatic activity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by coulter counting analysis	[PMID: 24686012]
HepG2	EC₅₀	2 μM Compound: PMEA	Compound tested for anti-HBV (hepatitis B virus) activity in HepG2 2.2.15 cell line Compound tested for anti-HBV (hepatitis B virus) activity in HepG2 2.2.15 cell line	[PMID: 15139764]
HepG2	CC₅₀	203 μM Compound: adefovir	Cytotoxicity against HepG2.2.15 cells Cytotoxicity against HepG2.2.15 cells	[PMID: 16854087]
HepG2	IC₅₀	42.1 μM Compound: PMEA, 1	Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected human HepG2 cells after 9 days by MTT assay Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected human HepG2 cells after 9 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 17888662]
HepG2 2.2.15	CC₅₀	57 μM Compound: adefovir	Cytotoxicity against HepG2.2.15 cells after 6 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against HepG2.2.15 cells after 6 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 17499889]
HepG2 2.2.15	CC₅₀	540 μM Compound: adefovir	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2(2.2.15) cells Cytotoxicity against human HepG2(2.2.15) cells	[PMID: 20000776]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	0.517 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBV DNA replication after 9 days by PCR Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBV DNA replication after 9 days by PCR	[PMID: 20000776]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	286 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBeAg level after 9 days by ELISA Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBeAg level after 9 days by ELISA	[PMID: 20000776]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	305 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBsAg level after 9 days by ELISA Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBsAg level after 9 days by ELISA	[PMID: 20000776]
HepG2 2.2.15	EC₅₀	1.3 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against wild type Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization method Antiviral activity against wild type Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization method	[PMID: 21930377]
HepG2 2.2.15	EC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase M204V mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization me Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase M204V mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization me	[PMID: 21930377]
HepG2 2.2.15	EC₅₀	1.9 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase M204I mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization me Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase M204I mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization me	[PMID: 21930377]
HepG2 2.2.15	EC₅₀	2.1 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase L180M/M204V double mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hyb Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase L180M/M204V double mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hyb	[PMID: 21930377]
HepG2 2.2.15	EC₅₀	5.5 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase L180M mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization me Antiviral activity against lamivudine-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase L180M mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization me	[PMID: 21930377]
HepG2 2.2.15	EC₅₀	7.8 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase N236T mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization meth Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant Hepatitis B virus harboring reverse transcriptase N236T mutant infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of virus replication treated daily for 9 days by quantitative blot hybridization meth	[PMID: 21930377]
HepG2 2.2.15	CC₅₀	540 μM Compound: Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2(2.2.15) cells compound treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation for 9 days by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2(2.2.15) cells compound treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation for 9 days by MTT assay	[PMID: 23353737]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	0.517 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 9 days by fluorescence PCR method Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of viral replication after 9 days by fluorescence PCR method	[PMID: 23353737]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	286 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBeAg production after 9 days by ELISA Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBeAg production after 9 days by ELISA	[PMID: 23353737]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	305 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBsAg production after 9 days by ELISA Antiviral activity against HBV infected in human HepG2(2.2.15) cells assessed as inhibition of HBsAg production after 9 days by ELISA	[PMID: 23353737]
HepG2 2.2.15	CC₅₀	490 μM Compound: Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as cell death after 9 days by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as cell death after 9 days by MTS assay	[PMID: 25650312]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	215 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against hepatitis B viral in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as HBeAg secretion after 9 days by ELISA Antiviral activity against hepatitis B viral in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as HBeAg secretion after 9 days by ELISA	[PMID: 25650312]
HepG2 2.2.15	IC₅₀	257 μM Compound: Adefovir	Antiviral activity against hepatitis B viral in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as surface antigen HBsAg secretion after 9 days by ELISA Antiviral activity against hepatitis B viral in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as surface antigen HBsAg secretion after 9 days by ELISA	[PMID: 25650312]
HepG2 2.2.15	CC₅₀	200 μM Compound: Adefovir	Cytotoxicity in human HepG2.215 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 5 days by CCK8 assay Cytotoxicity in human HepG2.215 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 5 days by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 28082068]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	1.3 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant wild type HBV in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant wild type HBV in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay	[PMID: 19072694]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	1.5 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase M204V mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase M204V mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay	[PMID: 19072694]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase L180M mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase L180M mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay	[PMID: 19072694]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	1.6 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase LM/reverse transcriptase MV double mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase LM/reverse transcriptase MV double mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay	[PMID: 19072694]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	1.8 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase M204I mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase M204I mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay	[PMID: 19072694]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	7.7 μM Compound: adefovir	Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase 236T mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay Antiviral activity against adefovir-resistant HBV reverse transcriptase 236T mutant in human Huh7 cells after 4 days by intracellular HBV DNA replication assay	[PMID: 19072694]
Huh-7	CC₅₀	>150 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against human HuH7 cells Cytotoxicity against human HuH7 cells	[PMID: 21803462]
Huh-7	EC₅₀	6 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as reduction in viral DNA level treated day 3 to day 8 post transfection by real time quantitative PCR analysis Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HuH7 cells assessed as reduction in viral DNA level treated day 3 to day 8 post transfection by real time quantitative PCR analysis	[PMID: 21803462]
L1210	IC₅₀	3 μM Compound: 1, PMEA	Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells after 48 hrs by coulter counting analysis Cytostatic activity against mouse L1210 cells after 48 hrs by coulter counting analysis	[PMID: 24686012]
MRC5	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MRC-5 cells infected with HSV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MRC-5 cells infected with HSV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
MRC5	EC₅₀	29.7 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MRC-5 cells infected with HSV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MRC-5 cells infected with HSV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
MRC5	EC₅₀	33.5 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MRC-5 cells infected with HSV-2. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MRC-5 cells infected with HSV-2.	[PMID: 8960556]
MRC5	CC₅₀	>250 μM Compound: PMEA	The lowest concentration of compound producing overt cytotoxicity in virus-free MRC-5 cell cultures The lowest concentration of compound producing overt cytotoxicity in virus-free MRC-5 cell cultures	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
MRC5	EC₅₀	36 μM Compound: PMEA	Anti-herpes virus activity was evaluated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, strain AD-169) grown in MRC-5 cells Anti-herpes virus activity was evaluated against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV, strain AD-169) grown in MRC-5 cells	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
MT2	EC₅₀	1.1 μM Compound: 1, PMEA, Adefovir	Antiviral activity against HIV 1 LAI infected in MT2 cells Antiviral activity against HIV 1 LAI infected in MT2 cells	[PMID: 21565516]
MT4	CC₅₀	144 μM Compound: 2	In vitro cytotoxic concentration against MT-4 cells In vitro cytotoxic concentration against MT-4 cells	[PMID: 11327587]
MT4	EC₅₀	7 μM Compound: 2	In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-1 in MT-4 cells In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-1 in MT-4 cells	[PMID: 11327587]
MT4	EC₅₀	7.5 μM Compound: 2	In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-2 in MT-4 cells In vitro antiviral activity against HIV-2 in MT-4 cells	[PMID: 11327587]
MT4	IC₅₀	274 μg/mL Compound: 4	Cellular toxic effect was determined in MT-4 cells Cellular toxic effect was determined in MT-4 cells	[PMID: 11606136]
MT4	IC₅₀	3.8 μg/mL Compound: 4	Inhibition of cytopathogenicity against human HIV-2(LAV-2) in MT-4 cells Inhibition of cytopathogenicity against human HIV-2(LAV-2) in MT-4 cells	[PMID: 11606136]
MT4	IC₅₀	4.1 μg/mL Compound: 4	Inhibition of cytopathogenicity against human HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells Inhibition of cytopathogenicity against human HIV-1(IIIB) in MT-4 cells	[PMID: 11606136]
MT4	CC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MT-4 cell lines infected with HIV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MT-4 cell lines infected with HIV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
MT4	EC₅₀	>10 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MT-4 cell lines infected with HIV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the MT-4 cell lines infected with HIV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
MT4	CC₅₀	187 μM Compound: PMEA	Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of MT-4 cells Cytotoxic concentration required to reduce the viability of MT-4 cells	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
MT4	EC₅₀	22 μM Compound: PMEA	Concentration required to inhibit HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect by 50% in MT-4 cells Concentration required to inhibit HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect by 50% in MT-4 cells	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
MT4	CC₅₀	187 μM Compound: PMEA	Compound was evaluated for the concentration required to reduce the viability of MT-4 cells. Compound was evaluated for the concentration required to reduce the viability of MT-4 cells.	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00585-H
MT4	EC₅₀	20 μM Compound: PMEA	Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV-1 induced cytopathic effect in MT-4 cells. Compound was evaluated for the inhibition of HIV-1 induced cytopathic effect in MT-4 cells.	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00585-H
PBMC	CC₅₀	>30 μM Compound: PMEA, Adefovir	Cytotoxicity against PAP-activated human PBMC on day 7 by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against PAP-activated human PBMC on day 7 by MTT assay	[PMID: 21803462]
Vero	IC₅₀	119 μM Compound: 1	Concentration that reduced plaque formation by 50% was measured in HSV-2 infected vero cells in vitro Concentration that reduced plaque formation by 50% was measured in HSV-2 infected vero cells in vitro	[PMID: 8021925]
Vero	CC₅₀	>100 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the Vero cells infected with HSV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the Vero cells infected with HSV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
Vero	EC₅₀	32.7 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the Vero cells infected with HSV-2 Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the Vero cells infected with HSV-2	[PMID: 8960556]
Vero	EC₅₀	38.5 μM Compound: 1	Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the Vero cells infected with HSV-1. Compound was tested for antiviral activity against the Vero cells infected with HSV-1.	[PMID: 8960556]
Vero	CC₅₀	>=250 μM Compound: PMEA	The lowest concentration of compound producing overt cytotoxicity in virus-free vero cell cultures The lowest concentration of compound producing overt cytotoxicity in virus-free vero cell cultures	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
Vero	EC₅₀	58 μM Compound: PMEA	Anti-herpes virus activity was evaluated against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1,strain HF) grown in Vero cells Anti-herpes virus activity was evaluated against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1,strain HF) grown in Vero cells	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
Vero	EC₅₀	69 μM Compound: PMEA	Anti-herpes virus activity was evaluated against Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2,strain G) grown in Vero cells Anti-herpes virus activity was evaluated against Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2,strain G) grown in Vero cells	10.1016/0960-894X(95)00208-B
WI-38	CC₅₀	124.7 μM Compound: PMEA	Cytotoxicity against human WI38 cells by neutral red assay Cytotoxicity against human WI38 cells by neutral red assay	[PMID: 18285481]
WI-38	EC₅₀	95.8 μM Compound: PMEA	Antimicrobial activity against BK polyomavirus ATCC VR837 infected in human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in viral titer after 7 days by PCR analysis Antimicrobial activity against BK polyomavirus ATCC VR837 infected in human WI38 cells assessed as reduction in viral titer after 7 days by PCR analysis	[PMID: 18285481]

In Vitro

Studies to elucidate the mechanism of action of Adefovir against herpesvirus replication reveals that the phosphorylation of Adefovir occurred intracellularly and is carried out by host cellular enzymes. The diphosphorylated derivatives of Adefovir targeted the viral DNA polymerase and also acted as DNA chain terminators. Adenylate kinase is shown to be responsible for the first phosphorylation, which was followed by ADP kinase and creatine kinase, forming Adefovir diphosphate^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Unaffected by food, Adefovir achieves 60% oral bioavailability. Its half-life is 12-30 hours and Adefovir undergoes renal excretion without significant metabolites. Adefovir does not substantially affect the cytochrome P450 system^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 106941-25-7
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 273.19
Formula C₈H₁₂N₅O₄P
Color White to off-white
SMILES

NC1=C2N=CN(CCOCP(O)(O)=O)C2=NC=N1
Synonyms

GS-0393; PMEA
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (2)

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Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

New Assay Systems to Characterize the Broad-Spectrum Antiherpesviral and Non-Herpesviral Activity of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) 8 Inhibitors. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 16;18(10):1560. PMID: 41155676
Molecules

(-)-Lariciresinol Isolated from the Roots of Isatis indigotica Fortune ex Lindl. Inhibits Hepatitis B Virus by Regulating Viral Transcription. [Abstract]

2022 May 18;27(10):3223. PMID: 35630700

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

0.1 M NaOH : 10 mg/mL (36.60 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 10 with NaOH)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

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Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

3.6605 mL

18.3023 mL

36.6046 mL

5 mM

0.7321 mL

3.6605 mL

7.3209 mL

10 mM

0.3660 mL

1.8302 mL

3.6605 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

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Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (273 KB)
SDS (479 KB)
- English - EN (479 KB)
- Français - FR (479 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (479 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (479 KB)
- Español - ES (479 KB)
- Swedish - SV (479 KB)
- Italian - IT (479 KB)
- Korean - KR (479 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (479 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. X.-X.Zhou, et al. 7.11 - Deoxyribonucleic Acid Viruses: Antivirals for Herpesviruses and Hepatitis B Virus. Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry II. Volume 7, 2007, Pages 295-327.

[2]. Marcellin P, et al. Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med. 2003 Feb 27;348(9):808-16. [Content Brief]

[3]. Leah A.Burke, et al. 155 - Drugs to Treat Viral Hepatitis. Infectious Diseases. Volume 2, 2017, Pages 1327-1332.

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
0.1 M NaOH	1 mM	3.6605 mL	18.3023 mL	36.6046 mL	91.5114 mL
	5 mM	0.7321 mL	3.6605 mL	7.3209 mL	18.3023 mL
	10 mM	0.3660 mL	1.8302 mL	3.6605 mL	9.1511 mL
	15 mM	0.2440 mL	1.2202 mL	2.4403 mL	6.1008 mL
	20 mM	0.1830 mL	0.9151 mL	1.8302 mL	4.5756 mL
	25 mM	0.1464 mL	0.7321 mL	1.4642 mL	3.6605 mL
	30 mM	0.1220 mL	0.6101 mL	1.2202 mL	3.0504 mL

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Adefovir

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library Plus

FDA-Approved Drug Library Plus

MCE Kinase Hinge Binder Fragment Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Adefovir

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (2)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Adefovir

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Drug Repurposing Compound Library Plus

FDA-Approved Drug Library Plus

MCE Kinase Hinge Binder Fragment Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Adefovir

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (2)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Adefovir Related Classifications

HY-B1826 Related Classifications