Sodium nitroprusside
Based on 19 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Sodium nitroprusside (Ro 21-2498) is a potent vasodilator working through releasing NO spontaneously in blood.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.99%
- CAS No.: 14402-89-2
- Formula: C5FeN6Na2O
- Molecular Weight:261.92
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Sodium nitroprusside
More- Redox Biol. 2024 Feb:69:103004. [Abstract]
- MedComm (2020). 2026 Mar 28;7(4):e70706. [Abstract]
- Chem Eng J. 15 August 2022, 136169.
- J Neuroinflammation. 2023 Feb 24;20(1):49. [Abstract]
- Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Dec;178(23):4646-4662. [Abstract]
- J Invest Dermatol. 2025 Sep 15:S0022-202X(25)02428-5. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Aug 23:118727. [Abstract]
- Biochem Pharmacol. 2026 Jun 18;251(Pt 2):118179. [Abstract]
- Plant J. 2025 Jul;123(2):e70379. [Abstract]
- Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2024 Jul 25:167437. [Abstract]
- Mol Cell Biochem. 2025 Aug 3. [Abstract]
- FASEB J. 2025 Dec 31;39(24):e71345. [Abstract]
- Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2025 Mar 25. [Abstract]
- Neuroscience. 2024 Dec 17:563:175-187. [Abstract]
- Exp Eye Res. 2024 Jun:243:109886. [Abstract]
- Theriogenology. 2025 May 29:245:117517. [Abstract]
- Phytochem Lett. 2025 Oct 17;70:104058.
- Turk J Med Sci. 2025 Feb 19;55(2):509-517. [Abstract]
- bioRxiv. 2026 Mar 28.
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Biological Activity
Sodium nitroprusside (Ro 21-2498) is a potent vasodilator. Sodium nitroprusside has potent vasodilating effects in arterioles and venules. Sodium nitroprusside breaks down in circulation to release nitric oxide (NO). NO activates guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle and increases intracellular production of cGMP. The end result is vascular smooth muscle relaxation, which allow vessels to dilate[1].
Sodium nitroprusside decreases the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 14402-89-2
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 261.92
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Formula C5FeN6Na2O
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Color Brown to reddish brown
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SMILES
N#C[Fe-2](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(N=O)C#N.[Na+].[Na+]
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Synonyms
Ro 21-2498
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Publications (19)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Redox Biol
Myeloid ACE2 protects against septic hypotension and vascular dysfunction through Ang-(1-7)-Mas-mediated macrophage polarization. [Abstract]2024 Feb:69:103004. PMID: 38141575
Sodium nitroprusside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Feb:69:103004. [Abstract]
Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁵ mol/L) mediated endothelium-independent vasodilatation was only mildly influenced in ACE2-KI mice following CLP surgery.
Sodium nitroprusside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Redox Biol. 2024 Feb:69:103004. [Abstract]
Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 10⁻⁹ to 10⁻⁵ mol/L)-mediated endothelium-independent vasodilatation was not influenced in ACE2-KO mice after CLP surgery.
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MedComm (2020)
2026 Mar 28;7(4):e70706. PMID: 41930327 -
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J Neuroinflammation
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation supplemented with curcumin improves the outcomes of ischemic stroke via AKT/GSK-3β/β-TrCP/Nrf2 axis. [Abstract]2023 Feb 24;20(1):49. PMID: 36829224
Sodium nitroprusside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Neuroinflammation. 2023 Feb 24;20(1):49. [Abstract]
Representative images of immunofluorescence analysis of Nrf2 expression in microglia treated with the AKT inhibitor MK2206 (5 μM，6 h), the GSK3β activator sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 100 μM， 6h), and the GSK3β inhibitor TDZD-8 (5 μM，6 h). Nrf2 (red), nuclei (blue).
Sodium nitroprusside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Neuroinflammation. 2023 Feb 24;20(1):49. [Abstract]
Representative western blots and quantitative data for the expression of Nrf2 in the nucleus and the downstream proteins of Nrf2 pathway, including HO-1 and NQO1, with different treatments (MK2206: 5 μM，6 h; SNP: 100 μM， 6h; TDZD-8: 5 μM，6 h).
Sodium nitroprusside purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Neuroinflammation. 2023 Feb 24;20(1):49. [Abstract]
Nrf2 knockout abolished neurological function improvement mediated by combined curcumin-hUC-MSC treatment. TTC-stained brain sections (A) and quantitative analysis (B) showed the decreased infarct volume with combined therapy in MCAO mice (MK2206, SNP or TDZD-8 :5 mg/kg， intraperitoneally，3 consecutive days after MCAO).
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Br J Pharmacol
Transient Receptor Potential channels, TRPV1 and TRPA1 in melanocytes synergize UV-dependent and UV-independent melanogenesis. [Abstract]2021 Dec;178(23):4646-4662. PMID: 34363226 -
J Invest Dermatol
Inducible Nitric Oxide Deficiency Attenuates Necroptosis in Psoriasis-like Dermatitis in Mice through Reducing Oxidative Stress. [Abstract]2025 Sep 15:S0022-202X(25)02428-5. PMID: 40962201 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Evidence to support cultivated fruiting body of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycota)'s role in relaxing airway smooth muscle. [Abstract]2024 Aug 23:118727. PMID: 39182700 -
Biochem Pharmacol
Dysfunction in the SOCE/EDH-mediated vasorelaxation of mesenteric arteries impairs intestinal barrier integrity in irritable bowel syndrome. [Abstract]2026 Jun 18;251(Pt 2):118179. PMID: 42315077 -
Plant J
Nitric oxide delays floral transition in Arabidopsis by inhibiting histone deacetylases HDA5 and HDA6. [Abstract]2025 Jul;123(2):e70379. PMID: 40726229 -
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis
Methylglyoxal induces endothelial cell apoptosis and coronary microvascular dysfunction through regulating AR-cPLA2 signaling. [Abstract]2024 Jul 25:167437. PMID: 39067539 -
Mol Cell Biochem
Nitric oxide induces apoptosis of human primary melanocytes by regulating calcium homeostasis via VDAC1. [Abstract]2025 Aug 3. PMID: 40753527 -
FASEB J
Natriuretic Peptide Improves Impaired Baroreceptor Sensitivity in a Sex-Dependent Manner by Enhancing Baroreflex Afferent Neuroexcitation Under Physiological and Hypertensive Conditions. [Abstract]2025 Dec 31;39(24):e71345. PMID: 41395769 -
Appl Biochem Biotechnol
Astragaloside IV Relieves Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Damage and Dysfunction in Diabetic Mice Endothelial Progenitor Cells by Regulating the GSK-3β/Nrf2 Axis. [Abstract]2025 Mar 25. PMID: 40131628 -
Neuroscience
METTL3 inhibits microglial pyroptosis in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy by regulating GPR39 expression in an m6A-HuR-dependent manner. [Abstract]2024 Dec 17:563:175-187. PMID: 39461660 -
Exp Eye Res
2024 Jun:243:109886. PMID: 38583755 -
Theriogenology
2025 May 29:245:117517. PMID: 40460471 -
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Turk J Med Sci
2025 Feb 19;55(2):509-517. PMID: 40342326 -
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 100 mg/mL (381.80 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (127.25 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.54 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.54 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL (381.80 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (280 KB)
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SDS (479 KB)
- English - EN (479 KB)
- Français - FR (479 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (479 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (479 KB)
- Español - ES (479 KB)
- Swedish - SV (479 KB)
- Italian - IT (479 KB)
- Korean - KR (479 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (479 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Wink, D.A., et al., The effect of various nitric oxide-donor agents on hydrogen peroxide-mediated toxicity: a direct correlation between nitric oxide formation and protection. Arch Biochem Biophys, 1996. 331(2): p. 241-8. [Content Brief]
[2]. Garg, U.C. and A. Hassid, Nitric oxide-generating vasodilators and 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate inhibit mitogenesis and proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. J Clin Invest, 1989. 83(5): p. 1774-7. [Content Brief]
[3]. Namazi, H., Sodium nitroprusside as a nitric oxide donor in a rat intestinal ischemia reperfusion model: a novel molecular mechanism. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2008. 63(3): p. 405. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 3.8180 mL | 19.0898 mL | 38.1796 mL | 95.4490 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7636 mL | 3.8180 mL | 7.6359 mL | 19.0898 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3818 mL | 1.9090 mL | 3.8180 mL | 9.5449 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2545 mL | 1.2727 mL | 2.5453 mL | 6.3633 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1909 mL | 0.9545 mL | 1.9090 mL | 4.7724 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1527 mL | 0.7636 mL | 1.5272 mL | 3.8180 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1273 mL | 0.6363 mL | 1.2727 mL | 3.1816 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0954 mL | 0.4772 mL | 0.9545 mL | 2.3862 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0764 mL | 0.3818 mL | 0.7636 mL | 1.9090 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0636 mL | 0.3182 mL | 0.6363 mL | 1.5908 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0477 mL | 0.2386 mL | 0.4772 mL | 1.1931 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0382 mL | 0.1909 mL | 0.3818 mL | 0.9545 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Sodium nitroprusside Related Classifications
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