XDS-23
XDS-23 is a selective biofilm inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.26 µM against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. XDS-23 exerts a dual inhibitory effect on the LasI/LasR System (las) and Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal System (pqs). XDS-23 suppress the production of key virulence factors including elastase, pyocyanin, and extracellular polysaccharides. XDS-23 exhibits synergistic antibacterial activity and can enhance the efficacy of multiple antibiotics in both in vitro and in vivo models, while maintaining a favorable safety profile. XDS-23 can be employed for research in combating biofilm-mediated drug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Formula: C15H16ClNO4
- Molecular Weight:309.74
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Storage:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
- Protocols
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Description
In Vitro
XDS-23 (0.3125-5 μM, 24 h) inhibits biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa PAO1, reducing biofilm biomass by up to 60 % (at 5 µM), diminishing viable cell counts within the biofilm without affecting planktonic growth, and concurrently suppressing exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis by 50% at the same concentration, ultimately leading to thinner and structurally disrupted biofilms[1].
XDS-23 (0.3125-5 μM, 20 and 24 h) inhibits pyocyanin and elastase production in a concentration-dependent manner, resulting in a significant inhibition of 70 % and 50 % at 5 μM, respectively, in P. aeruginosa PAO1[1].
XDS-23 (0.3125-5 μM, 24 h) demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against clinically resistant P. aeruginosa isolates, achieving significant inhibition in multiple strains, including nearly 50% inhibition in PA0617 and PA1065, and 44.87%, 34.89%, 33.56%, and 36.80% inhibition in PA0808, PA1129, PA1074, and PA1167, respectively[1].
XDS-23 (0.3125-5 μM, 20 h) decreases the secretion of pyocyanin in all clinical isolates of P.aeruginosa except PA1031, for PA0808, PA0617, and PA1074, it resulted in exceeding 30 % inhibition[1].
XDS-23 (0.3125-5 μM, 24 h) reduces biofilm formation and virulence primarily by inhibiting the las and pqs systems in P. aeruginosa PAO1[1].
XDS-23 (5 μM, 24 h) concentration-dependently suppresses motilities of P. Aeruginosa, inhibiting swarming (by 60% at 5 μM), inhibiting twitching (by 50%), and attenuating swimming (by 30%)[1].
XDS-23 (0.3125-5 μM, 24 h) reduces the bacterial load when co-administered with Polymyxin B (PMB) (HY-149179), Ciprofloxacin (CIP) (HY-B0356), Ceftazidime (CAZ) (HY-B0593), and Tobramycin (Tob) (HY-B0441) in P. aeruginosa PAO1 [1].
XDS-23 (6.25-100 μM, 24 h) has no significant cytotoxicity in human hepatocyte-derived HepG2 cells[1].
XDS-23 (1.25-40 μM, 4 h) exhibits negligible hemolytic activity against rabbit erythrocytes[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only. Further protocols information, click here.
In Vivo
XDS-23 (0.052 mg/kg, Inject into the hemocoel (i.h.), once) improves the efficacy of Polymyxin B, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftazidime, and Tobramycin in P. aeruginosa PAO1-induced G. mellonella larvae[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:G. mellonella larvae[1]
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Dosage:6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μM in 5 μL
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Administration:microinjected in the last proleg, once
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Result:Resulted in 100 % survival across all groups
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Animal Model:G. mellonella larvae[1]
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Dosage:0.052 mg/kg
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Administration:microinjected in the last proleg, once
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Result:Exerted anti-biofilm and anti-virulence properties, which resulted in higher survival rates compared to the corresponding antibiotic monotherapies.
Enhanced the survival rate to 90% in combination with polymyxin B (0.33 mg/kg).
Increased the survival rates by 50% and 40% in combination with ciprofloxacin (0.033 mg/kg) or ceftazidime (1.67 mg/kg).
Achieved a 30% survival rate combination with tobramycin (0.083 mg/kg).
Chemical Information
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Molecular Weight 309.74
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Formula C15H16ClNO4
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SMILES
CCCCNC(COC(C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1O2)=CC2=O)=O
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
Protocols
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Research Protocol for Infectious Diseases
Infectious-disease experiments test how pathogens interact with host barriers, innate immune receptors, inflammatory signaling, pathogen replication, and tissue injury; pattern-recognition receptors such as TLRs, RIG-I-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and inflammasomes detect microbial molecules and activate NF-κB, interferon, and cytokine responses. The central hypothesis is that infection severity reflects the balance between pathogen burden and host response: protective inflammation restricts pathogen growth, whereas excessive or mislocalized inflammation contributes to tissue damage and disease phenotype. Unresolved questions include which host pathways are protective versus pathogenic, why some infection models fail to translate to human disease, and which combined readouts best predict clinically relevant infection outcomes.
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Cell Cytotoxicity Assay
Cytotoxicity assays are usually based on the assessment of cell membrane damage, which can also be indirectly detected by measuring cell viability. Detection methods include MTT assay, CKK-8 assay, LDH assay and ATP assay, etc.
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Bacterial live/dead nucleic-acid viability staining
The LIVE/DEAD bacterial viability staining method is based on differential permeability of nucleic-acid-binding fluorescent dyes, most commonly SYTO 9 and propidium iodide (PI), which enables discrimination of bacterial populations with intact versus compromised cytoplasmic membranes. SYTO 9 penetrates both intact and damaged bacterial membranes and binds nucleic acids to produce green fluorescence, whereas propidium iodide penetrates only cells with compromised membranes and fluoresces red while also reducing SYTO 9 signal through competitive binding and fluorescence interactions. The resulting fluorescence pattern is interpreted as a proxy for membrane integrity, which is widely used as an indicator of bacterial viability in microscopy, flow cytometry, and spectroscopic platforms. However, mechanistic studies show that SYTO 9 and PI interactions involve displacement and fluorescence resonance energy transfer effects, which can influence signal interpretation depending on dye ratios a
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
XDS-23 Related Classifications
HY-179389 Related Classifications
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